粉煤灰基介孔铝取代托贝莫来石去除水中Cd^(2+)

以粉煤灰(FA)为原料水热合成了不同铝硅物质的量比(Al/Si)的介孔铝取代托贝莫来石(TFA).采用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面孔径分析仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对FA及制备的TFA的理化性质进行表征.结果表明,TFA1(Al/Si=0.4)的比表面积、孔隙体积和平均孔径分别为74.30m^(2)/g、0.4495cm^(3)/g和24.20nm,TFA2(Al/Si=0.1)的分别为99.48m^(2)/g、0.5218cm^(3)/g和20.98nm,均远高于FA的1.77m^(2)/g、0.004338cm^(3)/g和9.79nm.FA、TFA1和TFA2对Cd^(2+)的吸附动力学数据更加符合伪二级动力学模型.Langmuir等温线模型可以更好地描述Cd^(2+)的吸附等温线,TFA1对Cd^(2+)的饱和吸附量为205.76mg/g,远高于FA和TFA2的94.58mg/g和107.30mg/g.采用XRD、SEM-X射线能量色散谱仪和FTIR分析了TFA对Cd^(2+)的去除机理.结果表明TFA的介孔结构、大量的-OH、Ca^(2+)与Cd^(2+)的离子交换,以及CdCO_(3)和Cd(OH)_(2)的沉淀对Cd^(2+)的去除起着重要作用.本文表明TFA可以应用为一种高效又廉价的Cd^(2+)吸附剂,为FA的资源化利用和含Cd^(2+)等重金属离子废水的处理提供了一种潜在的应用方法.

Enhancement of the Immune Response to Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Vaccine in Young Rabbits by Advanced Vaccination and Chinese Herbal Adjuvants

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of advanced vaccination and Chinese herbal adjuvants （CHA）, containing astragalus polysaccharides （APS） and ginsenosides （GS） on the immune response to rabbit hemorrhagic disease （RHD） vaccine in young rabbits. In experiment 1, 5 New Zealand rabbits of each group at 30, 35, 40, or 45 days of age were injected with 2 mL of inactivated RHD vaccine, respectively. The dynamic changes of antibody titers were tested by the hemagglutination inhibition （HI） method. In experiment 2, 30 New Zealand rabbits at 35 days of age were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups, representing inoculation with 3 mL of non-adjuvant RHD vaccine, CHA-RHD vaccine, CHA-HA vaccine （half dose antigen）, aluminium adjuvant-RHD vaccine, and PBS, respectively. The dynamic changes of peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and serum antibody titers were tested by the MTT method and the HI method. The results showed that the titer of maternal HI antibody in the 35-day-old rabbits was lower than the protective level of 3 log2, while on days 7 to 49 after the vaccination, the antibody titers were higher than 3 log2. The CHA promoted the lymphocyte proliferation and enhanced the serum antibody titer （P〈 0.05）. These findings from the two experiments suggested that advanced vaccination and Chinese herbal adjuvants significantly enhanced the immune response to vaccine against RHD, and effectively protected the young rabbits against RHD challenge.

新时期广东监狱发展的几点启示

监狱治理彰显社会公平正义,是国家治理现代化中十分重要的一个部分。为推动全国监狱治理体系和治理能力现代化贡献"广东智慧""广东方案",总结广东监狱在治理制度及发展方向上的主要成就和路径选择十分必要。坚持党的领导,是广东监狱治理攻坚克难的保证;制度建设是广东监狱发展的核心;坚持服务人民,维护行刑正义和社会公平正义是根本宗旨;抓住机遇,调整广东监狱布局,为广东监狱未来更好地发展奠定基础。