Three kinds of plant growth regulators, gibberellinA 4/7 （GA 4/7 ）, 6-benzylaminopurine （BA）, and chlormequat chloride （CCC）, were evaluated for their ability to promote strobilus and cone production in a Chines...Three kinds of plant growth regulators, gibberellinA 4/7 （GA 4/7 ）, 6-benzylaminopurine （BA）, and chlormequat chloride （CCC）, were evaluated for their ability to promote strobilus and cone production in a Chinese pine （Pinus tabuliformis Carr.） clonal seed orchard. Treatments （0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg L -1 ） were applied during three periods （June- July, July-August and August-September） in 2005. Of the three plant growth regulators, GA 4/7 was the best for promoting flower and cone production. Trees sprayed with GA 4/7 （500 mg L -1 ） from June to September had significantly more female strobili and immature cones than controls and other treatments （p≤0.0001）. The best time to apply GA 4/7 was in June. BA at 500 mg L -1 significantly increased female flower and immature cone production, compared to other treatments and controls （p≤0.0001）, while promotion of male strobili was unchanged. Chlormequat chloride at 1000 mg L -1 significantly increased the number of male strobili, compared to the other treatments （p≤0.0001）. Spraying CCC at500 mg L -1 significantly increased the number of female strobili, compared to controls （p0.05）, but it had no effect on immature cone production （p0.05）. These results are important for improving seed production and seed orchard management of Chinese pine.展开更多
Thermogalvanic cells(also know as thermo-electrochemical cells)that convert waste heat energy to electricity are a new type of energy conversion device.However,the electron transfer kinetics and mass transfer of redox...Thermogalvanic cells(also know as thermo-electrochemical cells)that convert waste heat energy to electricity are a new type of energy conversion device.However,the electron transfer kinetics and mass transfer of redox couples have not been thoroughly studied.Here,the ion reaction and charge transport in thermogalvanic cells are investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis.We first propose the detailed impedance model followed experimental verification on three types of electrode materials.Parameters including kinetic rate constants and ion diffusion coefficients for the electrodes are obtained by fitting the impedance data.Our study shows explicitly that impedance analysis can provide useful information on selecting suitable electrode materials for thermogalvanic cells.展开更多
基金Partial funding for this research was provided by The State Forestry Administration of China(No.2006-85)
文摘Three kinds of plant growth regulators, gibberellinA 4/7 （GA 4/7 ）, 6-benzylaminopurine （BA）, and chlormequat chloride （CCC）, were evaluated for their ability to promote strobilus and cone production in a Chinese pine （Pinus tabuliformis Carr.） clonal seed orchard. Treatments （0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg L -1 ） were applied during three periods （June- July, July-August and August-September） in 2005. Of the three plant growth regulators, GA 4/7 was the best for promoting flower and cone production. Trees sprayed with GA 4/7 （500 mg L -1 ） from June to September had significantly more female strobili and immature cones than controls and other treatments （p≤0.0001）. The best time to apply GA 4/7 was in June. BA at 500 mg L -1 significantly increased female flower and immature cone production, compared to other treatments and controls （p≤0.0001）, while promotion of male strobili was unchanged. Chlormequat chloride at 1000 mg L -1 significantly increased the number of male strobili, compared to the other treatments （p≤0.0001）. Spraying CCC at500 mg L -1 significantly increased the number of female strobili, compared to controls （p0.05）, but it had no effect on immature cone production （p0.05）. These results are important for improving seed production and seed orchard management of Chinese pine.
基金the AME Individual Research Grants 2018(No.A1983c0026)the Project of the Agency for Science,Technology,and Research(A^*STAR),Singaporethe MOE Tier 1 Grant(No.RG157/19)。
文摘Thermogalvanic cells(also know as thermo-electrochemical cells)that convert waste heat energy to electricity are a new type of energy conversion device.However,the electron transfer kinetics and mass transfer of redox couples have not been thoroughly studied.Here,the ion reaction and charge transport in thermogalvanic cells are investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis.We first propose the detailed impedance model followed experimental verification on three types of electrode materials.Parameters including kinetic rate constants and ion diffusion coefficients for the electrodes are obtained by fitting the impedance data.Our study shows explicitly that impedance analysis can provide useful information on selecting suitable electrode materials for thermogalvanic cells.
