目的评价三种不同镇痛方式用于剖宫产术后镇痛的效果。方法选取2017年3～12月武汉大学中南医院收治的90例择期行剖宫产术的产妇为研究对象,所有产妇均在硬膜外和脊髓联合麻醉下行剖宫产。采用随机数字表法将其分为连续硬膜外自控镇痛组(...目的评价三种不同镇痛方式用于剖宫产术后镇痛的效果。方法选取2017年3～12月武汉大学中南医院收治的90例择期行剖宫产术的产妇为研究对象,所有产妇均在硬膜外和脊髓联合麻醉下行剖宫产。采用随机数字表法将其分为连续硬膜外自控镇痛组(PCEA组)、静脉自控镇痛组(PCIA组)、连续腹横肌平面阻滞组(CTAP组),每组30例。PCEA组术后经硬膜外导管输注0.375%罗哌卡因,负荷剂量2 m L,背景输注2 m L/h,单次按压剂量2 m L,锁定时间15 min;PCIA组术后静脉泵注1μg/m L舒芬太尼+50μg/m L托烷司琼,负荷剂量2 m L,背景输注2 m L/h,单次按压剂量2 m L,锁定时间15 min;CTAP组术后经导管向腹横筋膜间隙内输注0.375%罗哌卡因,负荷量20 m L/侧,背景输注6～8 m L/h,单次病人自控镇痛(PCA)剂量6～8 m L,锁定时间60 min。各组术后镇痛均持续72 h。若静息疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)≥4分则肌内注射曲马多100 mg进行补救镇痛。记录产妇术后即刻、2、6、12、24、36、48、72 h静息和运动时的VAS评分、舒适度评分(BCS)、补救镇痛率、人均曲马多消耗量、术后肛门排气时间、双下肢抬离床面时间及镇痛相关并发症。结果与PCIA组比较,PCEA组和CTAP组术后6、12、24、36、48 h时静息和运动状态的VAS评分较低,BCS评分较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),补救镇痛率低,人均曲马多消耗量少,肛门排气时间缩短,镇痛相关并发症发生率低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PCEA组及CTAP组术后各时间点运动状态的VAS评分、BCS评分、补救镇痛率、人均曲马多消耗量、肛门排气时间及镇痛相关并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但CTAP组双下肢抬离床面时间较PCEA组缩短(P<0.05)。结论与PCIA和PCEA比较,CTAP在剖宫产术中镇痛效果更好,不良反应发生率更低,并发症最少。展开更多
In this paper, studies were carried out to extract astaxanthin from discharged wastewater during the production of chitin and to reveal the scavenging effect of the obtained pigment on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (...In this paper, studies were carried out to extract astaxanthin from discharged wastewater during the production of chitin and to reveal the scavenging effect of the obtained pigment on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Different ratios of dichloromethane/methanol (V/V) were used to extract astaxanthin. When the ratio of dichloromethane/methanol was 2:8 and the ratio between the mixed organic solvent (dichloromethane/methanol, 2:8, V/V) and wastewater was 1:1, the highest yield of pigment was obtained (8.4 mg/ 50 mL). The concentration of free astaxanthin in the obtained pigment analyzed by HPLC was 30.02%. The obtained pigment possessed strong scavenging ability on DPPH radical and IC50 was 0.84mg/ml.展开更多
文摘目的评价三种不同镇痛方式用于剖宫产术后镇痛的效果。方法选取2017年3～12月武汉大学中南医院收治的90例择期行剖宫产术的产妇为研究对象,所有产妇均在硬膜外和脊髓联合麻醉下行剖宫产。采用随机数字表法将其分为连续硬膜外自控镇痛组(PCEA组)、静脉自控镇痛组(PCIA组)、连续腹横肌平面阻滞组(CTAP组),每组30例。PCEA组术后经硬膜外导管输注0.375%罗哌卡因,负荷剂量2 m L,背景输注2 m L/h,单次按压剂量2 m L,锁定时间15 min;PCIA组术后静脉泵注1μg/m L舒芬太尼+50μg/m L托烷司琼,负荷剂量2 m L,背景输注2 m L/h,单次按压剂量2 m L,锁定时间15 min;CTAP组术后经导管向腹横筋膜间隙内输注0.375%罗哌卡因,负荷量20 m L/侧,背景输注6～8 m L/h,单次病人自控镇痛(PCA)剂量6～8 m L,锁定时间60 min。各组术后镇痛均持续72 h。若静息疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)≥4分则肌内注射曲马多100 mg进行补救镇痛。记录产妇术后即刻、2、6、12、24、36、48、72 h静息和运动时的VAS评分、舒适度评分(BCS)、补救镇痛率、人均曲马多消耗量、术后肛门排气时间、双下肢抬离床面时间及镇痛相关并发症。结果与PCIA组比较,PCEA组和CTAP组术后6、12、24、36、48 h时静息和运动状态的VAS评分较低,BCS评分较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),补救镇痛率低,人均曲马多消耗量少,肛门排气时间缩短,镇痛相关并发症发生率低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PCEA组及CTAP组术后各时间点运动状态的VAS评分、BCS评分、补救镇痛率、人均曲马多消耗量、肛门排气时间及镇痛相关并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但CTAP组双下肢抬离床面时间较PCEA组缩短(P<0.05)。结论与PCIA和PCEA比较,CTAP在剖宫产术中镇痛效果更好,不良反应发生率更低,并发症最少。
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Administration of Shandong Province, China (20042504)
文摘In this paper, studies were carried out to extract astaxanthin from discharged wastewater during the production of chitin and to reveal the scavenging effect of the obtained pigment on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Different ratios of dichloromethane/methanol (V/V) were used to extract astaxanthin. When the ratio of dichloromethane/methanol was 2:8 and the ratio between the mixed organic solvent (dichloromethane/methanol, 2:8, V/V) and wastewater was 1:1, the highest yield of pigment was obtained (8.4 mg/ 50 mL). The concentration of free astaxanthin in the obtained pigment analyzed by HPLC was 30.02%. The obtained pigment possessed strong scavenging ability on DPPH radical and IC50 was 0.84mg/ml.
