Alpine tundra ecosystems have specific vegetation and environmental conditions that may affect soil phosphorus(P) composition and phosphatase activities. However, these effects are poorly understood. This study used N...Alpine tundra ecosystems have specific vegetation and environmental conditions that may affect soil phosphorus(P) composition and phosphatase activities. However, these effects are poorly understood. This study used Na OH-EDTA extraction and solution31 P nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy to determine soil P composition and phosphatase activities, including acid phosphomonoesterase(Ac P), phosphodiesterase(PD) and inorganic pyrophosphatase(IPP), in the alpine tundra of the Changbai Mountains at seven different altitudinal gradients(i.e., 2000 m, 2100 m, 2200 m, 2300 m, 2400 m, 2500 m, and 2600 m). The results show that total P(TP), organic P(OP), OP/TP, Na OH-EDTA extracted P and AcP, PD, and IPP activities over the altitude range of 2500–2600 m are significantly lower than those below 2400 m. The dominant extracted form of P is OP(73%–83%) with a large proportion of monoesters(65%–72%), whereas inorganic P is present in lower proportions(17%–27%). The activity of Ac P is significantly positively correlated with the contents of soil OP, total carbon(TC), total nitrogen(TN), and TP(P < 0.05), indicating that the Ac P is a more sensitive index for responding P nutrient storage than PD and IPP. Soil properties, P composition, and phosphatase activities decrease with increased altitude and soil p H. Our results indicate that the distribution of soil P composition and phosphatase activities along altitude and Ac P may play an important role in P hydrolysis as well as have the potential to be an indicator of soil quality.展开更多
Soil phosphorus(P) is an essential and limiting element for plant growth, which is significantly affected by different approaches to soil management. In order to reveal the effect of different management approaches on...Soil phosphorus(P) is an essential and limiting element for plant growth, which is significantly affected by different approaches to soil management. In order to reveal the effect of different management approaches on soil P and phosphatase activity in 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil, this research was conducted to study variations in the characteristics of P and phosphatase activity under 3-year tillage without mulching(CK), notillage with corn straw mulching(NTSM) and no-tillage with grass(NTG) in Liaoning apple orchard. The results showed that NTSM and NTG could significantly increase soil P content(P < 0.05) as compared with CK. However, the effect was different between NTSM and NTG; with the NTSM approach, the improvement in the P content in 20–40 cm was remarkable, and in the NTG approach, the improvement in the soil surface P content was significant. At the same time, soil phosphatase activity significantly increased(P < 0.05) under NTSM and NTG. The soil surface and 20–40 cm phosphodiesterase(PD) activity was enhanced under the two management approaches, however, the effect of NTG was stronger than NTSM. In addition, NTSM was more conducive to increasing alkaline phosphomonoesterase(Al P), and NTG was more conducive to increasing acid phosphomonoesterase(Ac P). Our findings highlight the variation of dominant mechanisms involved in soil P with different mulching materials application. NTSM and NTG could have the potential to increase P content and phosphatase activity, and provide a basis for using this method to improve P phytoavailability and reduce the application of soil fertilizer.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41171241)
文摘Alpine tundra ecosystems have specific vegetation and environmental conditions that may affect soil phosphorus(P) composition and phosphatase activities. However, these effects are poorly understood. This study used Na OH-EDTA extraction and solution31 P nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy to determine soil P composition and phosphatase activities, including acid phosphomonoesterase(Ac P), phosphodiesterase(PD) and inorganic pyrophosphatase(IPP), in the alpine tundra of the Changbai Mountains at seven different altitudinal gradients(i.e., 2000 m, 2100 m, 2200 m, 2300 m, 2400 m, 2500 m, and 2600 m). The results show that total P(TP), organic P(OP), OP/TP, Na OH-EDTA extracted P and AcP, PD, and IPP activities over the altitude range of 2500–2600 m are significantly lower than those below 2400 m. The dominant extracted form of P is OP(73%–83%) with a large proportion of monoesters(65%–72%), whereas inorganic P is present in lower proportions(17%–27%). The activity of Ac P is significantly positively correlated with the contents of soil OP, total carbon(TC), total nitrogen(TN), and TP(P < 0.05), indicating that the Ac P is a more sensitive index for responding P nutrient storage than PD and IPP. Soil properties, P composition, and phosphatase activities decrease with increased altitude and soil p H. Our results indicate that the distribution of soil P composition and phosphatase activities along altitude and Ac P may play an important role in P hydrolysis as well as have the potential to be an indicator of soil quality.
基金financed by the National High-Technology Project (2013AA102405).
文摘Soil phosphorus(P) is an essential and limiting element for plant growth, which is significantly affected by different approaches to soil management. In order to reveal the effect of different management approaches on soil P and phosphatase activity in 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil, this research was conducted to study variations in the characteristics of P and phosphatase activity under 3-year tillage without mulching(CK), notillage with corn straw mulching(NTSM) and no-tillage with grass(NTG) in Liaoning apple orchard. The results showed that NTSM and NTG could significantly increase soil P content(P < 0.05) as compared with CK. However, the effect was different between NTSM and NTG; with the NTSM approach, the improvement in the P content in 20–40 cm was remarkable, and in the NTG approach, the improvement in the soil surface P content was significant. At the same time, soil phosphatase activity significantly increased(P < 0.05) under NTSM and NTG. The soil surface and 20–40 cm phosphodiesterase(PD) activity was enhanced under the two management approaches, however, the effect of NTG was stronger than NTSM. In addition, NTSM was more conducive to increasing alkaline phosphomonoesterase(Al P), and NTG was more conducive to increasing acid phosphomonoesterase(Ac P). Our findings highlight the variation of dominant mechanisms involved in soil P with different mulching materials application. NTSM and NTG could have the potential to increase P content and phosphatase activity, and provide a basis for using this method to improve P phytoavailability and reduce the application of soil fertilizer.
