背景:当前研究尚缺乏不同运动等级优秀女子篮球运动员等速肌力的比较性数据。目的:观察优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节肌力特征,比较健将和一级运动员肌力的差异。方法:采用德国Iso Med 2000等速肌力测试仪,测试16名四川省(一级组)...背景:当前研究尚缺乏不同运动等级优秀女子篮球运动员等速肌力的比较性数据。目的:观察优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节肌力特征,比较健将和一级运动员肌力的差异。方法:采用德国Iso Med 2000等速肌力测试仪,测试16名四川省(一级组)和17名国家队(健将组)优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节不同角速度[60(°)/s,5次;240(°)/s,25次]的屈、伸肌力。结果与结论:(1)健将组右髋伸肌绝对力和屈肌爆发力,双侧膝屈、伸肌绝对力和右侧屈爆发力,双侧踝关节屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);躯干屈肌爆发力,左髋伸肌绝对力、爆发力和右髋伸肌爆发力非常显著大于一级组(P<0.01);(2)髋、膝和踝关节屈、伸肌力比:健将组屈肌绝对力5.0∶3.6∶1,屈肌爆发力5.0∶3.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.4∶1.6∶1,伸肌爆发力2.0∶1.3∶1;一级组屈肌绝对力6.3∶3.8∶1,屈肌爆发力6.6∶4.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.3∶1.8∶1,伸肌爆发力1.8∶1.5∶1;(3)健将组的躯干爆发力,双侧髋、膝绝对力和爆发力的拮抗/主动肌比值与一级组有显著差异(P<0.05);(4)健将组和一级组下肢关节异侧同名肌差异均<10%;(5)健将组躯干屈、伸肌,双侧髋伸肌和双侧踝伸肌耐力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);(6)结果提示,随着测试角度增加,健将组和一级组躯干和下肢屈、伸峰力矩不同程度下降;健将组和一级组下肢异侧同名肌差异<10%;一级组需重视躯干屈肌爆发力,髋屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力、膝伸肌绝对力和踝屈、伸绝对力和爆发力练习,同时需重视躯干屈、伸肌,髋和踝伸肌群的耐力训练。展开更多
The fall armyworm(FAW)Spodoptera frugiperda,which originated in the Americas,is advancing across China and threatening the nation’s maize crops.Currently,one widely used tool for its control is genetically modified(G...The fall armyworm(FAW)Spodoptera frugiperda,which originated in the Americas,is advancing across China and threatening the nation’s maize crops.Currently,one widely used tool for its control is genetically modified(GM)Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)maize.Sufficient content of Bt protein in appropriate plant parts is crucial for enhancing resistance against insect pests.In this study,we conducted a systematic investigation of Cry1 Ab levels in Chinese domestic GM maize DBN9936,which has recently obtained a biosafety certificate,and evaluated its efficacy against FAW.Quantification of expression levels of Cry1 Ab,via ELISA,indicated a spatio-temporal dynamic,with significant variation of mean Cry1 Ab,ranging from 0.76 to 8.48μg g-1 FW with the Cry1 Ab protein level ranked as:V6-V8 leaf>R1 leaf>R4 leaf>R1 silk>VT tassel>R4 kernel.Among the nine locations,the Cry1 Ab levels in DBN9936 of the Xinxiang,Langfang,and Harbin fields were significantly lower than those from Wuhan and Shenyang,and were slightly,but not significantly lower than those from the other four fields.Furthermore,the artificial diet-Cry1 Ab mixture and plant tissue feeding bioassays revealed that DBN9936 has high efficacy against FAW.The insecticidal efficacy of different tissues against FAW larvae reached 34-100%with a descending order of lethality as follows:VT leaf>R4 leaf>R1 husk>R1 silk>VT tassel>R4 kernel.Taken together,our results showed that Bt-Cry1 Ab maize DBN9936 has potential as a promising strategy to manage FAW.展开更多
文摘背景:当前研究尚缺乏不同运动等级优秀女子篮球运动员等速肌力的比较性数据。目的:观察优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节肌力特征,比较健将和一级运动员肌力的差异。方法:采用德国Iso Med 2000等速肌力测试仪,测试16名四川省(一级组)和17名国家队(健将组)优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节不同角速度[60(°)/s,5次;240(°)/s,25次]的屈、伸肌力。结果与结论:(1)健将组右髋伸肌绝对力和屈肌爆发力,双侧膝屈、伸肌绝对力和右侧屈爆发力,双侧踝关节屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);躯干屈肌爆发力,左髋伸肌绝对力、爆发力和右髋伸肌爆发力非常显著大于一级组(P<0.01);(2)髋、膝和踝关节屈、伸肌力比:健将组屈肌绝对力5.0∶3.6∶1,屈肌爆发力5.0∶3.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.4∶1.6∶1,伸肌爆发力2.0∶1.3∶1;一级组屈肌绝对力6.3∶3.8∶1,屈肌爆发力6.6∶4.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.3∶1.8∶1,伸肌爆发力1.8∶1.5∶1;(3)健将组的躯干爆发力,双侧髋、膝绝对力和爆发力的拮抗/主动肌比值与一级组有显著差异(P<0.05);(4)健将组和一级组下肢关节异侧同名肌差异均<10%;(5)健将组躯干屈、伸肌,双侧髋伸肌和双侧踝伸肌耐力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);(6)结果提示,随着测试角度增加,健将组和一级组躯干和下肢屈、伸峰力矩不同程度下降;健将组和一级组下肢异侧同名肌差异<10%;一级组需重视躯干屈肌爆发力,髋屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力、膝伸肌绝对力和踝屈、伸绝对力和爆发力练习,同时需重视躯干屈、伸肌,髋和踝伸肌群的耐力训练。
基金funded by the National Genetically Modified Organism New Variety Breeding Program of China(2019ZX08012-004)。
文摘The fall armyworm(FAW)Spodoptera frugiperda,which originated in the Americas,is advancing across China and threatening the nation’s maize crops.Currently,one widely used tool for its control is genetically modified(GM)Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)maize.Sufficient content of Bt protein in appropriate plant parts is crucial for enhancing resistance against insect pests.In this study,we conducted a systematic investigation of Cry1 Ab levels in Chinese domestic GM maize DBN9936,which has recently obtained a biosafety certificate,and evaluated its efficacy against FAW.Quantification of expression levels of Cry1 Ab,via ELISA,indicated a spatio-temporal dynamic,with significant variation of mean Cry1 Ab,ranging from 0.76 to 8.48μg g-1 FW with the Cry1 Ab protein level ranked as:V6-V8 leaf>R1 leaf>R4 leaf>R1 silk>VT tassel>R4 kernel.Among the nine locations,the Cry1 Ab levels in DBN9936 of the Xinxiang,Langfang,and Harbin fields were significantly lower than those from Wuhan and Shenyang,and were slightly,but not significantly lower than those from the other four fields.Furthermore,the artificial diet-Cry1 Ab mixture and plant tissue feeding bioassays revealed that DBN9936 has high efficacy against FAW.The insecticidal efficacy of different tissues against FAW larvae reached 34-100%with a descending order of lethality as follows:VT leaf>R4 leaf>R1 husk>R1 silk>VT tassel>R4 kernel.Taken together,our results showed that Bt-Cry1 Ab maize DBN9936 has potential as a promising strategy to manage FAW.
