The wind pressure measurement,especially on curved surfaces is imperative in revealing flow characteristics.The flexible sensor with high linear sensitivity over large pressure range is still a significant challenge,e...The wind pressure measurement,especially on curved surfaces is imperative in revealing flow characteristics.The flexible sensor with high linear sensitivity over large pressure range is still a significant challenge,especially for commutatively positive and negative pressure measurement.Here,we propose a conformable,range-programmable capacitive sensor that can extremely extend the measuring range but with high linear sensitivity.The key point is to precisely control the reference pressure of the flexible capacitive sensor array through microchannel network.The proposed sensor with reference pressure 0 kPa keeps stable at a highly-linear sensitivity of 0.28 kPa-1 in an initial measurement regime from 0 to 3 kPa,beyond which the linearity changes significantly.Via the tunable reference pressure,the linear ranges can be customized arbitrarily according to different flight conditions and measured positions,but without any deterioration of sensitivity.The theoretical model is built for the flexible capacitive sensor with tunable reference pressure,agreeing well with the experimental and finite element method results.Additionally,the bending effect is discovered when the flexible sensor is conformed on curved surfaces.This surface-mounted sensor skin is tested on a plate and is integrated with acquisition circuits on a standard airfoil NACA0012 in a wind tunnel and compares with the standard destructive method of pressure taps.It shows great potential applications in measuring wind pressure on curved surfaces,such as for"Fly-by-Feel"of unmanned aerial vehicles and wind tunnel test.展开更多
Flexible smart sensing skin is a key enabling technology for the future"Fly-by-Feel"control of morphing aircraft.It represents the next-generation skin of aircraft that can exhibit a more powerful sensing fu...Flexible smart sensing skin is a key enabling technology for the future"Fly-by-Feel"control of morphing aircraft.It represents the next-generation skin of aircraft that can exhibit a more powerful sensing function than a conventional one and could be mounted on arbitrary curvilinear surfaces,especially for advanced autonomic,morphing aircraft.Recent significant technical advances in flexible electronics have overcome many historic drawbacks of conventional smart skin,e.g.,only a limited number of discrete block sensors can be integrated due to the inevitable structural damage and heavy guidelines.Herein,we review the key developments in flexible sensors technology and highlight both the state-of-the-art devices and the potential applications for the measurement of aircraft.We begin with the importance of flexible smart skin for morphing aircraft and then expand to the latest progress in various types of flexible sensors.Then we highlight flexible sensors as smart skin to measure aerodynamic parameters and monitor the structural health,and further to achieve the Fly-by-Feel control.Finally,the challenges and opportunities on flexible smart sensing skin are discussed,from the functional design to practical applications.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51635007 and 51925503)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2016YXZD068)。
文摘The wind pressure measurement,especially on curved surfaces is imperative in revealing flow characteristics.The flexible sensor with high linear sensitivity over large pressure range is still a significant challenge,especially for commutatively positive and negative pressure measurement.Here,we propose a conformable,range-programmable capacitive sensor that can extremely extend the measuring range but with high linear sensitivity.The key point is to precisely control the reference pressure of the flexible capacitive sensor array through microchannel network.The proposed sensor with reference pressure 0 kPa keeps stable at a highly-linear sensitivity of 0.28 kPa-1 in an initial measurement regime from 0 to 3 kPa,beyond which the linearity changes significantly.Via the tunable reference pressure,the linear ranges can be customized arbitrarily according to different flight conditions and measured positions,but without any deterioration of sensitivity.The theoretical model is built for the flexible capacitive sensor with tunable reference pressure,agreeing well with the experimental and finite element method results.Additionally,the bending effect is discovered when the flexible sensor is conformed on curved surfaces.This surface-mounted sensor skin is tested on a plate and is integrated with acquisition circuits on a standard airfoil NACA0012 in a wind tunnel and compares with the standard destructive method of pressure taps.It shows great potential applications in measuring wind pressure on curved surfaces,such as for"Fly-by-Feel"of unmanned aerial vehicles and wind tunnel test.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51925503 and 51635007)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team。
文摘Flexible smart sensing skin is a key enabling technology for the future"Fly-by-Feel"control of morphing aircraft.It represents the next-generation skin of aircraft that can exhibit a more powerful sensing function than a conventional one and could be mounted on arbitrary curvilinear surfaces,especially for advanced autonomic,morphing aircraft.Recent significant technical advances in flexible electronics have overcome many historic drawbacks of conventional smart skin,e.g.,only a limited number of discrete block sensors can be integrated due to the inevitable structural damage and heavy guidelines.Herein,we review the key developments in flexible sensors technology and highlight both the state-of-the-art devices and the potential applications for the measurement of aircraft.We begin with the importance of flexible smart skin for morphing aircraft and then expand to the latest progress in various types of flexible sensors.Then we highlight flexible sensors as smart skin to measure aerodynamic parameters and monitor the structural health,and further to achieve the Fly-by-Feel control.Finally,the challenges and opportunities on flexible smart sensing skin are discussed,from the functional design to practical applications.
