5-Demethylnobile tin(5-DMN),a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone(OH-PMF)identified in aged citrus peels,has demonstrated health benefiting effects in previous studies.5-DMN undergoes biotransformation in vivo,yielding 5,...5-Demethylnobile tin(5-DMN),a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone(OH-PMF)identified in aged citrus peels,has demonstrated health benefiting effects in previous studies.5-DMN undergoes biotransformation in vivo,yielding 5,3’-didemethylnobiletin(5,3’-DDMN),5,4’-didemethylnobiletin(5,4’-DDMN)and5,3’,4’-tridemethylnobiletin(5,3’,4’-TDMN).However,the anti-cancer effects of 5-DMN and its in vivo metabolites against HepG2 cells remain unclear.In this study,an efficient chemical synthetic method was developed to obtain 5-DMN and its 3 metabolites,and their molecular structures were confirmed by;H NMR and LC-MS.Cytotoxicity,cell cycle arrestment,apoptosis and caspase-3 expression were investigated to evaluate the anti-liver cancer effects of these OH-PMFs on HepG2 cells.The results showed that all 4 compounds inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.Their anti-proliferative activity was exerted through inducing G2/M phase arrestment,cell apoptosis and promoting expression of a key apoptotic protein called cleaved caspase-3.Our results indicated that 5,3’-DDMN and5,3’,4’-TDMN showed a stronger inhibitory activity on cell proliferation than 5-DMN,followed by 5,4’-DDMN.The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was the highest in cells treated with 5,4’-DDMN,implying that the apoptosis induced by other OH-PMFs might be mediated by other apoptotic execution proteins.Our research reveals the application potential and scientific evidence for the production and functionality of OH-PMFs.展开更多
Heart diseases remain the top threat to human health,and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing day.Convincing evidence shows that three-dimensional(3D)printing allows for a more precise understandi...Heart diseases remain the top threat to human health,and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing day.Convincing evidence shows that three-dimensional(3D)printing allows for a more precise understanding of the complex anatomy associated with various heart diseases.In addition,3D-printed models of cardiac diseases may serve as effective educational tools and for hands-on simulation of surgical interventions.We introduce examples of the clinical applications of different types of 3D printing based on specific cases and clinical application scenarios of 3D printing in treating heart diseases.We also discuss the limitations and clinically unmet needs of 3D printing in this context.展开更多
The aim of this study was to find a way to efficiently separate neuronal cells from the cerebral cortex of adult rats,providing a reference method for rapid acquisition of neuronal cells from the adult rat brain.Fifte...The aim of this study was to find a way to efficiently separate neuronal cells from the cerebral cortex of adult rats,providing a reference method for rapid acquisition of neuronal cells from the adult rat brain.Fifteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with five SD rats in each group.Then,neuron cells were isolated from the adult rat cerebral cortex by the grinding method,the trypsin method,and the collagenase II method,respectively.The expression of anti-NeuN in the neurons of each group was analyzed by flow cytometry.The acquisition rates and morphology of neurons of each group were observed by immunofluorescence staining.The grinding or collagenase II method is more suitable for rapid acquisition of neuronal cells from an adult rat’s cerebral cortex.The number of neuron cells obtained by the trypsin method were very few,so it is not convenient for later experiments.展开更多
High mannose oligosaccharides are characteristic and essential for immune evasion of many viruses and cancer cells.They are potential targets for viral inhibition and cancer diagnosis/therapy.Particularly,high mannose...High mannose oligosaccharides are characteristic and essential for immune evasion of many viruses and cancer cells.They are potential targets for viral inhibition and cancer diagnosis/therapy.Particularly,high mannose-binding reagents may be a unique asset for fighting the ongoing and mutating SARSCoV-2 virus.Lectins are prevailing reagents for saccharide binding but suffer from inadequate specificity and apparent immunogenicity.Meanwhile,other reagents for the same purpose,such as antibodies and aptamers,have rarely been reported.Herein,using molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles as a potent platform,we report a smart selection method for fine screening of high mannose-specific aptamers.Monovalent aptamers were first effectively screened within eight rounds of selection.Multivalent aptamers,in the forms of dendritic polymer or tetrahedral DNA nanostructure(TDN),were further engineered.The aptamers exhibited high affinity toward the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and the envelope protein GP120 of HIV.Both the monovalent aptamer and its TDN form exhibited a certain inhibition effect to the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus.On the other hand,both the monovalent aptamer and its dendritic form permitted the recognition of cancer cells over normal cells.Therefore,as unprecedented reagents for broad-spectrum viral inhibition and cancer targeting,these aptamers hold great promise for clinical treatment and diagnosis.展开更多
Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it...Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it is necessary to develop a rapid diagnostic method to detect HLB infected plants without symptoms. This study used Newhall navel orange plants as the research subject, and collected normal color leaf samples and chlorotic leaf samples from a healthy orchard and an HLB-infected orchard, respectively. First, hyperspectral data of the upper and lower leaf surfaces were obtained, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the HLB bacterium in each leaf. The PCR test results showed that all samples from the healthy orchard were negative, and a portion of the samples from the infected orchard were positive. According to these results, the leaf samples from the orchards were divided into disease-free leaves and HLB-positive leaves, and the least squares support vector machine recognition model was established based on the leaf hyperspectral reflectance. The effect on the model of the spectra obtained from the upper and lower leaf surfaces was investigated and different pretreatment methods were compared and analyzed. It was observed that the HLB recognition rate values of the calibration and validation sets based on upper leaf surface spectra under 9-point smoothing pretreatment were 100% and 92.5%, respectively. The recognition rate values based on lower leaf surface spectra under the second-order derivative pretreatment were also 100% and 92.5%, respectively. Both upper and lower leaf surface spectra were available for recognition of HLB-infected leaves, and the HLB PCR-positive leaves could be distinguished from the healthy by the hyperspectral modeling analysis. The results of this study show that early and nondestructive detection of HLBinfected leaves without symptoms is possible, which provides a basis for the hyperspectral diagnosis of citrus with HLB.展开更多
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)has been performed for nearly 20years,with reliable safety and efficacy in moderate-to high-risk patients with aortic stenosis or regurgitation,with the advantage of less tr...Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)has been performed for nearly 20years,with reliable safety and efficacy in moderate-to high-risk patients with aortic stenosis or regurgitation,with the advantage of less trauma and better prognosis than traditional open surgery.However,because surgeons have not been able to obtain a full view of the aortic root,3-dimensional printing has been used to reconstruct the aortic root so that they could clearly and intui-tively understand the specific anatomical structure.In addition,the 3D printed model has been used for the in vitro simulation of the planned procedures to predict the potential complications of TAVR,the goal being to provide guidance to reasonably plan the procedure to achieve the best outcome.Postprocedural 3D printing can be used to understand the depth,shape,and distribution of the stent.Cardiovascular 3D printing has achieved remarkable results in TAVR and has a great potential.展开更多
The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-eff...The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-efficient real-time nutrition diagnosis technology in citrus orchards.The fluorescent values of leaves and canopy based on the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,canopy hyperspectral reflectance data based on the FieldSpec4 radiometer and spectral reflectance based on low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were collected from leaves of Shatang mandarin and then analyzed.Additionally,the associations of the leaf SPAD(soil and plant analyzer development)value with the ratio vegetation index(RVI)and normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI)were analyzed.The leaf SPAD value predictive model was established by means of univariate and multiple linear regressions and the partial least squares method.Variable distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content based on spectral reflectance in the orchard were automatically created.The results showed that the correlations of the SPAD values obtained from the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,FieldSpec4 radiometer and low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were highly significant.The measures of goodness of fit of the predictive models were R^(2)=0.7063,RMSECV=3.7892,RE=5.96%,and RMSEP=3.7760 based on RVI_((570/800)) and R^(2)=0.7343,RMSECV=3.6535,RE=5.49%,and RMSEP=3.3578 based on NDVI[(570,800)(570,950)(700,840)].The technique to create spatial distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content in the orchard was established based on sensor information that directly reflected the chlorophyll content of the plants in different parts of the orchard,which in turn provides evidence for implementation of orchard productivity evaluation and precision in fertilization management.展开更多
文摘5-Demethylnobile tin(5-DMN),a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone(OH-PMF)identified in aged citrus peels,has demonstrated health benefiting effects in previous studies.5-DMN undergoes biotransformation in vivo,yielding 5,3’-didemethylnobiletin(5,3’-DDMN),5,4’-didemethylnobiletin(5,4’-DDMN)and5,3’,4’-tridemethylnobiletin(5,3’,4’-TDMN).However,the anti-cancer effects of 5-DMN and its in vivo metabolites against HepG2 cells remain unclear.In this study,an efficient chemical synthetic method was developed to obtain 5-DMN and its 3 metabolites,and their molecular structures were confirmed by;H NMR and LC-MS.Cytotoxicity,cell cycle arrestment,apoptosis and caspase-3 expression were investigated to evaluate the anti-liver cancer effects of these OH-PMFs on HepG2 cells.The results showed that all 4 compounds inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.Their anti-proliferative activity was exerted through inducing G2/M phase arrestment,cell apoptosis and promoting expression of a key apoptotic protein called cleaved caspase-3.Our results indicated that 5,3’-DDMN and5,3’,4’-TDMN showed a stronger inhibitory activity on cell proliferation than 5-DMN,followed by 5,4’-DDMN.The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was the highest in cells treated with 5,4’-DDMN,implying that the apoptosis induced by other OH-PMFs might be mediated by other apoptotic execution proteins.Our research reveals the application potential and scientific evidence for the production and functionality of OH-PMFs.
基金This study was supported by the National key R&D plan(No.2020YFC2008100)the Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of the Shaanxi Innovation Capability Support Plan(No.S2020-ZC-TD-0029)the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shaanxi Natural Science Basic Research Program(No.S2018-JC-JQ-0094)。
文摘Heart diseases remain the top threat to human health,and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing day.Convincing evidence shows that three-dimensional(3D)printing allows for a more precise understanding of the complex anatomy associated with various heart diseases.In addition,3D-printed models of cardiac diseases may serve as effective educational tools and for hands-on simulation of surgical interventions.We introduce examples of the clinical applications of different types of 3D printing based on specific cases and clinical application scenarios of 3D printing in treating heart diseases.We also discuss the limitations and clinically unmet needs of 3D printing in this context.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81960129)Qinghai basic Research Plan Project(No.2019-ZJ-922)Middle-aged and Youth Foundation of Qinghai university affiliated hospital(No.2018-QYY-13).
文摘The aim of this study was to find a way to efficiently separate neuronal cells from the cerebral cortex of adult rats,providing a reference method for rapid acquisition of neuronal cells from the adult rat brain.Fifteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with five SD rats in each group.Then,neuron cells were isolated from the adult rat cerebral cortex by the grinding method,the trypsin method,and the collagenase II method,respectively.The expression of anti-NeuN in the neurons of each group was analyzed by flow cytometry.The acquisition rates and morphology of neurons of each group were observed by immunofluorescence staining.The grinding or collagenase II method is more suitable for rapid acquisition of neuronal cells from an adult rat’s cerebral cortex.The number of neuron cells obtained by the trypsin method were very few,so it is not convenient for later experiments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant no.2018YFC0910301)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,the Key Grant(grant no.21834003)from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and the Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University(grant no.ZYJH004)to Z.L.
文摘High mannose oligosaccharides are characteristic and essential for immune evasion of many viruses and cancer cells.They are potential targets for viral inhibition and cancer diagnosis/therapy.Particularly,high mannose-binding reagents may be a unique asset for fighting the ongoing and mutating SARSCoV-2 virus.Lectins are prevailing reagents for saccharide binding but suffer from inadequate specificity and apparent immunogenicity.Meanwhile,other reagents for the same purpose,such as antibodies and aptamers,have rarely been reported.Herein,using molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles as a potent platform,we report a smart selection method for fine screening of high mannose-specific aptamers.Monovalent aptamers were first effectively screened within eight rounds of selection.Multivalent aptamers,in the forms of dendritic polymer or tetrahedral DNA nanostructure(TDN),were further engineered.The aptamers exhibited high affinity toward the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and the envelope protein GP120 of HIV.Both the monovalent aptamer and its TDN form exhibited a certain inhibition effect to the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus.On the other hand,both the monovalent aptamer and its dendritic form permitted the recognition of cancer cells over normal cells.Therefore,as unprecedented reagents for broad-spectrum viral inhibition and cancer targeting,these aptamers hold great promise for clinical treatment and diagnosis.
基金supported by the 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of the Southern Mountain Orchard Intelligent Management Technology and Equipment of Jiangxi Province(Jiangxi Finance Instruction No.156 [2014])the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0200703)
文摘Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it is necessary to develop a rapid diagnostic method to detect HLB infected plants without symptoms. This study used Newhall navel orange plants as the research subject, and collected normal color leaf samples and chlorotic leaf samples from a healthy orchard and an HLB-infected orchard, respectively. First, hyperspectral data of the upper and lower leaf surfaces were obtained, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the HLB bacterium in each leaf. The PCR test results showed that all samples from the healthy orchard were negative, and a portion of the samples from the infected orchard were positive. According to these results, the leaf samples from the orchards were divided into disease-free leaves and HLB-positive leaves, and the least squares support vector machine recognition model was established based on the leaf hyperspectral reflectance. The effect on the model of the spectra obtained from the upper and lower leaf surfaces was investigated and different pretreatment methods were compared and analyzed. It was observed that the HLB recognition rate values of the calibration and validation sets based on upper leaf surface spectra under 9-point smoothing pretreatment were 100% and 92.5%, respectively. The recognition rate values based on lower leaf surface spectra under the second-order derivative pretreatment were also 100% and 92.5%, respectively. Both upper and lower leaf surface spectra were available for recognition of HLB-infected leaves, and the HLB PCR-positive leaves could be distinguished from the healthy by the hyperspectral modeling analysis. The results of this study show that early and nondestructive detection of HLBinfected leaves without symptoms is possible, which provides a basis for the hyperspectral diagnosis of citrus with HLB.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC2008100)the Shaanxi Province Innovation Capability Support Plan-Innovative Talent Promotion Plan(No.2020TD-034)the Discipline Boosting Program of Xijing Hospital(No.XJZT18MJ69).
文摘Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)has been performed for nearly 20years,with reliable safety and efficacy in moderate-to high-risk patients with aortic stenosis or regurgitation,with the advantage of less trauma and better prognosis than traditional open surgery.However,because surgeons have not been able to obtain a full view of the aortic root,3-dimensional printing has been used to reconstruct the aortic root so that they could clearly and intui-tively understand the specific anatomical structure.In addition,the 3D printed model has been used for the in vitro simulation of the planned procedures to predict the potential complications of TAVR,the goal being to provide guidance to reasonably plan the procedure to achieve the best outcome.Postprocedural 3D printing can be used to understand the depth,shape,and distribution of the stent.Cardiovascular 3D printing has achieved remarkable results in TAVR and has a great potential.
基金supported by the China National Key Research and Development Project(2016YFD0200703)the China National Science&Technology Support Program(2014BAD16B0103)+1 种基金the China Chongqing Science&Technology Support&Demonstration Project(CSTC2014fazktpt80015)the Jiangxi Province 2011 Collaborative Innovation Special Funds“Co-Innovation Center of the South China Mountain Orchard Intelligent Management Technology and Equipment”(Jiangxi Finance Refers to[2014]No.156).
文摘The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-efficient real-time nutrition diagnosis technology in citrus orchards.The fluorescent values of leaves and canopy based on the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,canopy hyperspectral reflectance data based on the FieldSpec4 radiometer and spectral reflectance based on low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were collected from leaves of Shatang mandarin and then analyzed.Additionally,the associations of the leaf SPAD(soil and plant analyzer development)value with the ratio vegetation index(RVI)and normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI)were analyzed.The leaf SPAD value predictive model was established by means of univariate and multiple linear regressions and the partial least squares method.Variable distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content based on spectral reflectance in the orchard were automatically created.The results showed that the correlations of the SPAD values obtained from the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,FieldSpec4 radiometer and low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were highly significant.The measures of goodness of fit of the predictive models were R^(2)=0.7063,RMSECV=3.7892,RE=5.96%,and RMSEP=3.7760 based on RVI_((570/800)) and R^(2)=0.7343,RMSECV=3.6535,RE=5.49%,and RMSEP=3.3578 based on NDVI[(570,800)(570,950)(700,840)].The technique to create spatial distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content in the orchard was established based on sensor information that directly reflected the chlorophyll content of the plants in different parts of the orchard,which in turn provides evidence for implementation of orchard productivity evaluation and precision in fertilization management.