关于黎药产业发展的调研报告——以五指山市为例

目的了解海南省黎医当下处境和黎药资源现状。方法采用实地访谈调查法,于2021年11月03日至2022年1月20日期间走访海南省五指山市及其下辖的水满乡、毛阳镇、番阳镇,访谈当地知名黎医,调研五指山市黎药资源现有状况及黎医现状。结果共收集到44种黎药,12首民间验方,6种黎药药酒以及若干杂病治法。黎医、黎药目前存在以下问题:相关地方标准未明确,难以深入开展后续研究及开发;黎药名称未统一且黎医治疗理论和概论缺乏整理,未形成专家共识;黎药资源缺乏有效保护;黎医执医有待规范化和合法化;黎药产业规模较小,相关产品缺乏市场竞争力;黎医缺乏持续性继续教育及现代医学基础知识系统性的培训。结论我省黎药资源缺乏地方标准规范以及现代药理研究,黎医药产业规模较小、黎医缺乏系统化、专业化培养,黎医传承人执医有待规范化和合法化,为此提出了建设性的解决方法。

探讨益智仁调节脂质代谢对糖尿病肾病小鼠的保护作用

目的:应用网络药理学和代谢组学技术探讨益智仁对糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)小鼠模型的保护机制。方法:检测各组小鼠尿素氮、尿肌酐、尿白蛋白及观察小鼠肾脏病理切片。借助TCMSP数据库与GeneCards数据库分别查找益智仁成分、作用靶点及DN相关基因,构建药物⁃成分⁃靶点⁃疾病网络及KEGG信号通路富集分析。收集益智仁组与生理盐水组小鼠粪便,利用代谢组学技术筛选差异代谢产物,并运用KEGG数据库分析潜在代谢途径。结果:与模型组相比,益智仁显著减轻DN小鼠尿素氮、尿肌酐与尿白蛋白水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),改善小鼠肾脏病理情况。预测益智仁有4种有效成分,且潜在治疗DN的靶点28个。KEGG富集相关信号通路43条,主要代谢途径为脂质代谢。两组粪便共筛选出584个差异代谢物(P<0.05),主要代谢途径为脂质代谢,分别是鞘脂代谢与甘油磷脂代谢,其中包含的代谢产物主要是鞘磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰胆碱及磷脂酰乙醇胺,且与生理盐水组相比,这4种代谢产物在益智仁组中均显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.001)。结论:益智仁保护糖尿病肾病小鼠的作用机制可能与调节鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢及其代谢产物紊乱有关。

Study on the protective mechanism of Yizhiren regulating lipid metabolism in mice with diabetic nephropathy

Objective:To study the protective mechanism of Yizhiren on the diabetic nephropathy(DN)mouse model based on network pharmacology and metabolomics.Methods:Urea nitrogen,urinary creatinine,urinary albumin were detected in each group of mice,and pathological sections of mice kidney were observed.TCMSP database was used to search for the components and targets of Yizhiren,GeneCards database was used to search for DN-related genes,and drug-component-target-disease network and KEGG signaling pathway were constructed.The fecal samples of mice in the Yizhiren group and the Saline group were collected,metabolomics techniques were used to screen different metabolites,and potential metabolic pathways were analyzed using KEGG database.Results:Compared with the model group,Yizhiren significantly reduced the levels of urea nitrogen,urinary creatinine and urinary albumin in DN mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and improved the renal pathology of mice.It was predicted that Yizhiren had 4 effective components and 28 potential targets for treating DN.The KEGG enriched 43 signal pathways,and the main metabolic pathway was lipid metabolism.A total of 584 different metabolites were screened from feces of the two groups(P<0.05).The main metabolic pathways were lipid metabolism,namely sphingolipid metabolism and glycerol phospholipid metabolism,among which the metabolites contained mainly sphingolipin,phosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.Compared with the normal saline group,these four metabolites in Yizhiren decreased significantly(P<0.01 or P<0.001).Conclusion:The protective mechanism of Yizhiren in DN mice may be related to the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism,glycerol phospholipid metabolism and the disorder of its metabolites.

益智仁研究文献计量学分析

目的分析我国目前已发表的与中药益智仁研究相关的文献特征和研究现况。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI) 1963年1月1日至2019年9月31日收录的益智仁研究相关文献,从发表年份、方向、类型、机构、研究内容、基金支持、应用等方面进行文献计量学分析。结果纳入文献566篇,文献数量在2010年后迅速增长,占文献总数的38.1%;文献发表单位以全国中医药大学为主;22.12%的文献受到了各级科研基金的资助,文章类型多倾向于对疾病的治疗作用,且研究方向多样化。结论益智仁在中医药领域的药效与研究已日益加强,研究方式及学科范畴呈丰富多样化,仍需更进一步系统研究,以形成较完善的治疗体系。