This paper explores the effects of China’s global value chain(GVC)participation on technological progress in trading-partner countries based on estimated data on value-added trade between China and 52 trading partner...This paper explores the effects of China’s global value chain(GVC)participation on technological progress in trading-partner countries based on estimated data on value-added trade between China and 52 trading partners.We find that,first,although China’s exports lowered the total factor productivity(TFP)of its trading partners(competitive effect),its imports greatly increased trading partners’TFP(effect of scale).This implies that China’s GVC participation is beneficial to its trading partners’technological progress in the form of a considerable technology dividend effect.Second,China’s export dividend effect compensates for the negative effect of Chinese competition on trading partners’technological progress;the innovation effects attributable to China’s imports reinforce the positive effects of scale on technological progress.When innovation is factored in,the China dividend thus becomes further reinforced.Third,China’s merchandise imports have a diminishing positive effect on technological progress in trading partners as geographical distance increases,but trade in services transcends geographical boundaries,and the positive technological progress effect of China’s service imports do not diminish as distance increases.We find that the“China dividend”from China’s GVC participation is a significant contributor to technological progress in partner nations,and China’s imports are conducive to innovation and technological progress in developed countries in the long run.展开更多
The electrical tree discharge channel will be formed at concentrate spot of electric field in solid insulation dielectric,in order to study the difference of electrical tree under different electrical field,the short-...The electrical tree discharge channel will be formed at concentrate spot of electric field in solid insulation dielectric,in order to study the difference of electrical tree under different electrical field,the short-cable electrode system with actual XLPE cable was designed,experiments were performed under 12 kV,15 kV,18 kV,21 kV compare to the needle-plate electrode system.Experiment results show that the electrical tree of short-cable electrode system have the same growth trend with the needle-plate electrode system in the growing characteristic,the dense of electrical tree increase with the increase of voltage level,electrical tree of short-cable electrode system growth is slower than the needle-plate electrode system at the same voltage;To get the same shape of electrical tree,the voltage of short-cable electrode system must be higher than needle-plate electrode system,the results show that the semiconductor layer and the copper shield layer outside of XLPE cable have very important affection on the electrical trees degradation.展开更多
文摘This paper explores the effects of China’s global value chain(GVC)participation on technological progress in trading-partner countries based on estimated data on value-added trade between China and 52 trading partners.We find that,first,although China’s exports lowered the total factor productivity(TFP)of its trading partners(competitive effect),its imports greatly increased trading partners’TFP(effect of scale).This implies that China’s GVC participation is beneficial to its trading partners’technological progress in the form of a considerable technology dividend effect.Second,China’s export dividend effect compensates for the negative effect of Chinese competition on trading partners’technological progress;the innovation effects attributable to China’s imports reinforce the positive effects of scale on technological progress.When innovation is factored in,the China dividend thus becomes further reinforced.Third,China’s merchandise imports have a diminishing positive effect on technological progress in trading partners as geographical distance increases,but trade in services transcends geographical boundaries,and the positive technological progress effect of China’s service imports do not diminish as distance increases.We find that the“China dividend”from China’s GVC participation is a significant contributor to technological progress in partner nations,and China’s imports are conducive to innovation and technological progress in developed countries in the long run.
基金Project Supported by Scientific Foundation for Outstanding Young Scientist of China(50425722)Natural Scientific Foundation of Chongqing(11699)
文摘The electrical tree discharge channel will be formed at concentrate spot of electric field in solid insulation dielectric,in order to study the difference of electrical tree under different electrical field,the short-cable electrode system with actual XLPE cable was designed,experiments were performed under 12 kV,15 kV,18 kV,21 kV compare to the needle-plate electrode system.Experiment results show that the electrical tree of short-cable electrode system have the same growth trend with the needle-plate electrode system in the growing characteristic,the dense of electrical tree increase with the increase of voltage level,electrical tree of short-cable electrode system growth is slower than the needle-plate electrode system at the same voltage;To get the same shape of electrical tree,the voltage of short-cable electrode system must be higher than needle-plate electrode system,the results show that the semiconductor layer and the copper shield layer outside of XLPE cable have very important affection on the electrical trees degradation.
