In this report,we aimed to analyze the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children under 5 years of age in Lhaviyani Atoll,Maldives.A total of 800 children(under 5 years old) and their mothers w...In this report,we aimed to analyze the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children under 5 years of age in Lhaviyani Atoll,Maldives.A total of 800 children(under 5 years old) and their mothers were selected for this study.Data was collected by using a pretested questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were taken from the hospital record book.Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to find the association between nutritional status and determinants.The distribution of height for age and weight for age in surveyed children in Maldives was skewed to the left compared with the WHO standard.The prevalence of undernutrition based on underweight(10.75%),stunting(13.5%),and wasting(9.60%) was estimated to be 23.85% among children.Child age,gender and mother’s education were significantly associated with undernutrition(P<0.05).Our survey highlighted that better nutritional interventions are needed to improve child health in this region.展开更多
A novel spatial double-pulse laser ablation scheme is investigated to enhance the processing quality and efficiency fornanosecond laser ablation of silicon substrate. During the double-pulse laser ablation, two splitt...A novel spatial double-pulse laser ablation scheme is investigated to enhance the processing quality and efficiency fornanosecond laser ablation of silicon substrate. During the double-pulse laser ablation, two splitted laser beams simulta-neously irradiate on silicon surface at a tunable gap. The ablation quality and efficiency are evaluated by both scanning electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope. As tuning the gap distance, the ablation can be signifi-cantly enhanced if the spatial interaction between the two splitted laser pulses is optimized. The underlying physical mechanism for the interacting spatial double-pulse enhancement effect is attributed to the redistribution of the integratedenergy field, corresponding to the temperature field. This new method has great potential applications in laser microm-achining of functional devices at higher processing quality and faster speed.展开更多
[Objective] The reseamh aimed to contrast and analyze CG activity rules in Lianyungang and Yancheng. [Method] By using lightning location data, basic characteristics of lightning activities in Lianyungang and Yancheng...[Objective] The reseamh aimed to contrast and analyze CG activity rules in Lianyungang and Yancheng. [Method] By using lightning location data, basic characteristics of lightning activities in Lianyungang and Yancheng both located at the eastem coast of Jiangsu were analyzed and contrasted. [Result] CG characteristics in Uanyungang and Yancheng were same, and negative CG was dominant. Monthly change activity rule of CG basically presented single-peak distribution, and peak value appeared in August. Monthly change of the lightning was drastic, and high- occurrence period was both in summer. Daily change trend of CG in the two sites was consistent. High-occurrence period of the lightning was in af- temoon and early morning, and occurrence frequency of the lightning in the morning was less. Spatial distribution of CG in Lianyungang and Yancheng was very uneven. Lightning activity in Lianyungang mainly concentrated in northwest and southeast areas of Donghai County and western area of Guannan County. Especially in Donghai County, it was the area where lightning strike density was the maximum. Lightning strike activity in Yanchang was more concentrated, and mainly concentrated in the west, namely near Jiangying Town and Louwang Town. Distribution characteris- tics of CG intensities in the two sites were same. Waveform changes of the positive CG in the two sites were slower than that of the negative CG, and current intensity concentrated from ＋ 20 to ~ 50 kA. [ Conclusion ] By contrasting and analyzing lightning activity rules in Lianyungang and Yanchang, we could share and complement data in the two cities better, and serve for routine lightning prevention and early-warning better.展开更多
[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-...[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing agricultural industries worldwide.One of the most important factors for sustainable aquaculture is the development of high performing culture strains.Genome manipulation of...Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing agricultural industries worldwide.One of the most important factors for sustainable aquaculture is the development of high performing culture strains.Genome manipulation offers a powerful method to achieve rapid and directional breeding in fish.We review the history of fish breeding methods based on classical genome manipulation,including polyploidy breeding and nuclear transfer.Then,we discuss the advances and applications of fish directional breeding based on transgenic technology and recently developed genome editing technologies.These methods offer increased efficiency,precision and predictability in genetic improvement over traditional methods.展开更多
“双一流”建设战略目标的提出,要求高校肩负起培养高层次、高素质创新型、应用型人才的重任。该文从公共卫生硕士(Master of Public Health,MPH)专业学位培养的“双导师”制优势发挥、多学科交叉融合、实践性教育落实等方面,探讨了提升...“双一流”建设战略目标的提出,要求高校肩负起培养高层次、高素质创新型、应用型人才的重任。该文从公共卫生硕士(Master of Public Health,MPH)专业学位培养的“双导师”制优势发挥、多学科交叉融合、实践性教育落实等方面,探讨了提升MPH联合培养质量的措施与途径,为培养专业素质高、实践能力强的公共卫生人才提供参考。展开更多
Continuous wave(CW) laser irradiation is employed to enhance the pulsed laser ablation of silicon and stainless steel(316 L)samples. Different surface temperatures generated by the CW laser irradiation are set as the ...Continuous wave(CW) laser irradiation is employed to enhance the pulsed laser ablation of silicon and stainless steel(316 L)samples. Different surface temperatures generated by the CW laser irradiation are set as the initial working circumstance for the pulsed laser ablation. The diameter and depth of laser-ablated craters are measured to study threshold fluence, pulse incubation coefficient and ablation rate under different surface temperatures. Numerical simulation employing Heat Transfer in Solid and Deformed Geometry Interface modules in COMSOL is performed to estimate ablation rate theoretically based on Hertz-Knudsen equation. The realized crater-related data are analyzed to further obtain their dependences on surface temperature. The parametric and morphological studies indicate that the weakened plasma shielding effect and thermal diffusion in the ablated region induced by the CW laser irradiation lead to the enhanced pulsed laser ablation significantly.展开更多
Background High Energy Photon Source-Test Facility is a project to study and verify the feasibility of the key technologies which will be applied to that of High Energy Photon Source(HEPS).The pixel array detector is ...Background High Energy Photon Source-Test Facility is a project to study and verify the feasibility of the key technologies which will be applied to that of High Energy Photon Source(HEPS).The pixel array detector is one of the most important components of synchrotron radiation detection.Purpose In order to meet the requirements of the X-ray detection of HEPS,it was asked to independently develop a pixel array detector prototype with an effective detection area larger than 8×8 cm^(2),a spatial resolution better than 200 pm,a detectable energy range from 8 to 20 keV,and a frame rate higher than 1 kHz.The readout electronics system using the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)as its core of the digital logic makes the basic functions of the detector prototype feasibility by implementing all the configuration and data readout of the BPIX which is the dedicated pixel readout chip designed for Chinese next generation of synchrotron light source and working in the single-photon counting mode.Considering the large amount of data generated by pixel detectors and the demand for real-time data acquisition at higher frame rates,a firmware based on the TCP/IP protocol was developed in FPGA.Methods The implementation of 1 G/10 G Ethernet hub firmware provides a method of processing multi-ports Gigabit data and improving bandwidth.The key idea is the conversion of the GMII/XGMII bus in 1 G/10 G Ethernet protocol and the Arbitrator module applying Round-Robin algorithms.Results and conclusion The firmware converts and gathers TCP/IP frames from Gigabit network to 10-Gigabit network successfully.Through measurement,the bandwidth of the hub can reach 8.57 Gbps.A pixel detector integrated with 1 G/10 G Ethernet hub completes the readout of large flux data on 1.5 mega pixels detector at 1.2 kHz frame rate.展开更多
Background HEPS-BPIX is a prototype of photon counting pixel detector developed for the High Energy Photon Source.It consists of 16 silicon pixel modules which should be tested individually to ensure the function and ...Background HEPS-BPIX is a prototype of photon counting pixel detector developed for the High Energy Photon Source.It consists of 16 silicon pixel modules which should be tested individually to ensure the function and performance.Purpose Due to various factors such as the non-uniformity of the processes and voltage drop,the response of each pixel in the silicon pixel module is not identical completely.The response difference of pixels can be minimized by the threshold calibration.This system is developed for the quality test and calibration of the silicon pixel modules.Methods The system consists of a mother board,a control board and a data acquisition(DAQ)system.The mother board provides necessary resources including power supplies and the fanout of calibration signals.Besides,it can be used to test the connectivity by monitoring the power states.The control board reads data out and provides the clock,trigger and configuration data for the silicon pixel module.The DAQ system sends the control commands and receives the readout data through an Ethernet link.Results Compared with the previous readout system,this designed system has a lower noise level and better scanning curves making the calibration more accurate.And it has been successfully applied to the comparison experiments of the through silicon via and wire-bonding silicon pixel modules.Conclusion The results show that this test system can be used to the quality test and calibration of the silicon pixel modules.In addition,the system can be adapted to the measurement of different pixel array detector modules.展开更多
文摘In this report,we aimed to analyze the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children under 5 years of age in Lhaviyani Atoll,Maldives.A total of 800 children(under 5 years old) and their mothers were selected for this study.Data was collected by using a pretested questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were taken from the hospital record book.Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to find the association between nutritional status and determinants.The distribution of height for age and weight for age in surveyed children in Maldives was skewed to the left compared with the WHO standard.The prevalence of undernutrition based on underweight(10.75%),stunting(13.5%),and wasting(9.60%) was estimated to be 23.85% among children.Child age,gender and mother’s education were significantly associated with undernutrition(P<0.05).Our survey highlighted that better nutritional interventions are needed to improve child health in this region.
基金We are grateful for financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant （No. 61605162） Singapore Maritime Institute under the research project Grant （No. SMI-2015-OF-10）+1 种基金 Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China under Grant （No. 2017J05106） and Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Equipment Manufacturing in Fujian.
文摘A novel spatial double-pulse laser ablation scheme is investigated to enhance the processing quality and efficiency fornanosecond laser ablation of silicon substrate. During the double-pulse laser ablation, two splitted laser beams simulta-neously irradiate on silicon surface at a tunable gap. The ablation quality and efficiency are evaluated by both scanning electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope. As tuning the gap distance, the ablation can be signifi-cantly enhanced if the spatial interaction between the two splitted laser pulses is optimized. The underlying physical mechanism for the interacting spatial double-pulse enhancement effect is attributed to the redistribution of the integratedenergy field, corresponding to the temperature field. This new method has great potential applications in laser microm-achining of functional devices at higher processing quality and faster speed.
基金the Project of Science and Technology Bureau in Lianyungang City,China(SH1207)
文摘[Objective] The reseamh aimed to contrast and analyze CG activity rules in Lianyungang and Yancheng. [Method] By using lightning location data, basic characteristics of lightning activities in Lianyungang and Yancheng both located at the eastem coast of Jiangsu were analyzed and contrasted. [Result] CG characteristics in Uanyungang and Yancheng were same, and negative CG was dominant. Monthly change activity rule of CG basically presented single-peak distribution, and peak value appeared in August. Monthly change of the lightning was drastic, and high- occurrence period was both in summer. Daily change trend of CG in the two sites was consistent. High-occurrence period of the lightning was in af- temoon and early morning, and occurrence frequency of the lightning in the morning was less. Spatial distribution of CG in Lianyungang and Yancheng was very uneven. Lightning activity in Lianyungang mainly concentrated in northwest and southeast areas of Donghai County and western area of Guannan County. Especially in Donghai County, it was the area where lightning strike density was the maximum. Lightning strike activity in Yanchang was more concentrated, and mainly concentrated in the west, namely near Jiangying Town and Louwang Town. Distribution characteris- tics of CG intensities in the two sites were same. Waveform changes of the positive CG in the two sites were slower than that of the negative CG, and current intensity concentrated from ＋ 20 to ~ 50 kA. [ Conclusion ] By contrasting and analyzing lightning activity rules in Lianyungang and Yanchang, we could share and complement data in the two cities better, and serve for routine lightning prevention and early-warning better.
基金Supported by Key Program for Sci-tech Plan of Hunan Province Science and Technology Department(2014SK2001)Sci-tech Project for Food and Drug Safety of Hunan Food and Drug Administration(Xiang Shi Yao Ke R201612)
文摘[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB126306,2012CB944504)the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31222052)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences Grant KSCX2-EW-N-004-4the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology grant 2011FBZ23
文摘Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing agricultural industries worldwide.One of the most important factors for sustainable aquaculture is the development of high performing culture strains.Genome manipulation offers a powerful method to achieve rapid and directional breeding in fish.We review the history of fish breeding methods based on classical genome manipulation,including polyploidy breeding and nuclear transfer.Then,we discuss the advances and applications of fish directional breeding based on transgenic technology and recently developed genome editing technologies.These methods offer increased efficiency,precision and predictability in genetic improvement over traditional methods.
文摘“双一流”建设战略目标的提出,要求高校肩负起培养高层次、高素质创新型、应用型人才的重任。该文从公共卫生硕士(Master of Public Health,MPH)专业学位培养的“双导师”制优势发挥、多学科交叉融合、实践性教育落实等方面,探讨了提升MPH联合培养质量的措施与途径,为培养专业素质高、实践能力强的公共卫生人才提供参考。
基金supported by the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(Grant No.2015AA042702)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB1104900)+1 种基金the Singapore Maritime Institute Research Grant(Grant No.R261502009592)China Scholarship Council
文摘Continuous wave(CW) laser irradiation is employed to enhance the pulsed laser ablation of silicon and stainless steel(316 L)samples. Different surface temperatures generated by the CW laser irradiation are set as the initial working circumstance for the pulsed laser ablation. The diameter and depth of laser-ablated craters are measured to study threshold fluence, pulse incubation coefficient and ablation rate under different surface temperatures. Numerical simulation employing Heat Transfer in Solid and Deformed Geometry Interface modules in COMSOL is performed to estimate ablation rate theoretically based on Hertz-Knudsen equation. The realized crater-related data are analyzed to further obtain their dependences on surface temperature. The parametric and morphological studies indicate that the weakened plasma shielding effect and thermal diffusion in the ablated region induced by the CW laser irradiation lead to the enhanced pulsed laser ablation significantly.
基金supported by a grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0401301)
文摘Background High Energy Photon Source-Test Facility is a project to study and verify the feasibility of the key technologies which will be applied to that of High Energy Photon Source(HEPS).The pixel array detector is one of the most important components of synchrotron radiation detection.Purpose In order to meet the requirements of the X-ray detection of HEPS,it was asked to independently develop a pixel array detector prototype with an effective detection area larger than 8×8 cm^(2),a spatial resolution better than 200 pm,a detectable energy range from 8 to 20 keV,and a frame rate higher than 1 kHz.The readout electronics system using the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)as its core of the digital logic makes the basic functions of the detector prototype feasibility by implementing all the configuration and data readout of the BPIX which is the dedicated pixel readout chip designed for Chinese next generation of synchrotron light source and working in the single-photon counting mode.Considering the large amount of data generated by pixel detectors and the demand for real-time data acquisition at higher frame rates,a firmware based on the TCP/IP protocol was developed in FPGA.Methods The implementation of 1 G/10 G Ethernet hub firmware provides a method of processing multi-ports Gigabit data and improving bandwidth.The key idea is the conversion of the GMII/XGMII bus in 1 G/10 G Ethernet protocol and the Arbitrator module applying Round-Robin algorithms.Results and conclusion The firmware converts and gathers TCP/IP frames from Gigabit network to 10-Gigabit network successfully.Through measurement,the bandwidth of the hub can reach 8.57 Gbps.A pixel detector integrated with 1 G/10 G Ethernet hub completes the readout of large flux data on 1.5 mega pixels detector at 1.2 kHz frame rate.
基金the State Key Laboratoryof Particle Detection and Electronics, SKLPDE-ZZ-202002.
文摘Background HEPS-BPIX is a prototype of photon counting pixel detector developed for the High Energy Photon Source.It consists of 16 silicon pixel modules which should be tested individually to ensure the function and performance.Purpose Due to various factors such as the non-uniformity of the processes and voltage drop,the response of each pixel in the silicon pixel module is not identical completely.The response difference of pixels can be minimized by the threshold calibration.This system is developed for the quality test and calibration of the silicon pixel modules.Methods The system consists of a mother board,a control board and a data acquisition(DAQ)system.The mother board provides necessary resources including power supplies and the fanout of calibration signals.Besides,it can be used to test the connectivity by monitoring the power states.The control board reads data out and provides the clock,trigger and configuration data for the silicon pixel module.The DAQ system sends the control commands and receives the readout data through an Ethernet link.Results Compared with the previous readout system,this designed system has a lower noise level and better scanning curves making the calibration more accurate.And it has been successfully applied to the comparison experiments of the through silicon via and wire-bonding silicon pixel modules.Conclusion The results show that this test system can be used to the quality test and calibration of the silicon pixel modules.In addition,the system can be adapted to the measurement of different pixel array detector modules.
