我国是慢性病大国,癌症、糖尿病、心脏病、癫痫、高血压等疾病已成为首要致死原因,医疗负担占比70%,形势严峻.相比口服,注射等传统给药方式,植入式精准靶向治疗按时按需、精准适量,见效迅速,几乎无副作用,被证实是慢性病的有效治疗方式...我国是慢性病大国,癌症、糖尿病、心脏病、癫痫、高血压等疾病已成为首要致死原因,医疗负担占比70%,形势严峻.相比口服,注射等传统给药方式,植入式精准靶向治疗按时按需、精准适量,见效迅速,几乎无副作用,被证实是慢性病的有效治疗方式.目前我国在这一领域刚刚起步,尤其在高端植入微纳集成系统级芯片(System of Chip,SoC)、微纳系统集成和封装可靠性等方面,缺少原创性核心技术和共性技术支撑平台,严重落后于欧美发达国家,相关高端医疗器械及核心部件只能高价进口.因此,需要通过突破相关关键共性技术,核心部件国产化,从创新源头推动高端医疗器械发展,从而加速推动我国医疗器械产业化落地,打破欧美日发达国家垄断.本研究以突破医疗用微纳集成芯片和微纳集成系统关键共性技术为目的,解决了微电子小尺寸、高精度、低功耗等难题.通过三维异质集成构建植入式精准靶向给药系统和迷走神经刺激器,实现精准靶向给药、无线充电、生物电信号采集、电刺激等功能,项目样机已通过生物相容性测试和动物实验验证.展开更多
The complete mitochondrial genome of the grey bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium griseum （Orectolobiformes： HemiscyUiidae） was obtained, with a total of 16 755 base pairs （bp）. The mitogenome encoded 13 protein- coding ...The complete mitochondrial genome of the grey bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium griseum （Orectolobiformes： HemiscyUiidae） was obtained, with a total of 16 755 base pairs （bp）. The mitogenome encoded 13 protein- coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a noncoding control region, a gene arrangement identical to the most common type found in vertebrates. All tRNA sequences were folded into typical clover- leaf secondary structure with the exception of tRNA-Ser2, in which the DHU arm stem was replaced with 12 unpaired nucleotides and formed a simple loop. In the control region, the putative termination-associated sequences （TAS） with hairpin-loop structure and the conserved sequence blocks （CSB） I-III were identified and considered to be associated with the replication and transcription of mtDNA. No repeat motifs were found in the mitogenome of C. griseum. On the basis of the mitogenomic data available in the Class Chon- drichthyes from both Genbank and this study, and the phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood （ML） and Bayesian inference （BI） methods, the results strongly support the basal division between batoids and sharks and the monophyly of the Superorder Galeomorphii, and confirm the phylogenetic position of C. griseum in the Subclass Elasmobranchii. This study suggests that the mitogenomic data are more robust for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships than individual genes in the Elasmobranchii.展开更多
In this work,the multi-fidelity(MF)simulation driven Bayesian optimization(BO)and its advanced form are proposed to optimize antennas.Firstly,the multiple objective targets and the constraints are fused into one compr...In this work,the multi-fidelity(MF)simulation driven Bayesian optimization(BO)and its advanced form are proposed to optimize antennas.Firstly,the multiple objective targets and the constraints are fused into one comprehensive objective function,which facilitates an end-to-end way for optimization.Then,to increase the efficiency of surrogate construction,we propose the MF simulation-based BO(MFBO),of which the surrogate model using MF simulation is introduced based on the theory of multi-output Gaussian process.To further use the low-fidelity(LF)simulation data,the modified MFBO(M-MFBO)is subsequently proposed.By picking out the most potential points from the LF simulation data and re-simulating them in a high-fidelity(HF)way,the M-MFBO has a possibility to obtain a better result with negligible overhead compared to the MFBO.Finally,two antennas are used to testify the proposed algorithms.It shows that the HF simulation-based BO(HFBO)outperforms the traditional algorithms,the MFBO performs more effectively than the HFBO,and sometimes a superior optimization result can be achieved by reusing the LF simulation data.展开更多
文摘我国是慢性病大国,癌症、糖尿病、心脏病、癫痫、高血压等疾病已成为首要致死原因,医疗负担占比70%,形势严峻.相比口服,注射等传统给药方式,植入式精准靶向治疗按时按需、精准适量,见效迅速,几乎无副作用,被证实是慢性病的有效治疗方式.目前我国在这一领域刚刚起步,尤其在高端植入微纳集成系统级芯片(System of Chip,SoC)、微纳系统集成和封装可靠性等方面,缺少原创性核心技术和共性技术支撑平台,严重落后于欧美发达国家,相关高端医疗器械及核心部件只能高价进口.因此,需要通过突破相关关键共性技术,核心部件国产化,从创新源头推动高端医疗器械发展,从而加速推动我国医疗器械产业化落地,打破欧美日发达国家垄断.本研究以突破医疗用微纳集成芯片和微纳集成系统关键共性技术为目的,解决了微电子小尺寸、高精度、低功耗等难题.通过三维异质集成构建植入式精准靶向给药系统和迷走神经刺激器,实现精准靶向给药、无线充电、生物电信号采集、电刺激等功能,项目样机已通过生物相容性测试和动物实验验证.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41006080Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Project under contract Nos 200905019 and 201105008-4Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province,China under contract No.2007F10011
文摘The complete mitochondrial genome of the grey bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium griseum （Orectolobiformes： HemiscyUiidae） was obtained, with a total of 16 755 base pairs （bp）. The mitogenome encoded 13 protein- coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a noncoding control region, a gene arrangement identical to the most common type found in vertebrates. All tRNA sequences were folded into typical clover- leaf secondary structure with the exception of tRNA-Ser2, in which the DHU arm stem was replaced with 12 unpaired nucleotides and formed a simple loop. In the control region, the putative termination-associated sequences （TAS） with hairpin-loop structure and the conserved sequence blocks （CSB） I-III were identified and considered to be associated with the replication and transcription of mtDNA. No repeat motifs were found in the mitogenome of C. griseum. On the basis of the mitogenomic data available in the Class Chon- drichthyes from both Genbank and this study, and the phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood （ML） and Bayesian inference （BI） methods, the results strongly support the basal division between batoids and sharks and the monophyly of the Superorder Galeomorphii, and confirm the phylogenetic position of C. griseum in the Subclass Elasmobranchii. This study suggests that the mitogenomic data are more robust for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships than individual genes in the Elasmobranchii.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1803205)the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2019GY-007)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61801369)the Fundamental R esearch Funds for the Central Universities(XZD012021012)。
文摘In this work,the multi-fidelity(MF)simulation driven Bayesian optimization(BO)and its advanced form are proposed to optimize antennas.Firstly,the multiple objective targets and the constraints are fused into one comprehensive objective function,which facilitates an end-to-end way for optimization.Then,to increase the efficiency of surrogate construction,we propose the MF simulation-based BO(MFBO),of which the surrogate model using MF simulation is introduced based on the theory of multi-output Gaussian process.To further use the low-fidelity(LF)simulation data,the modified MFBO(M-MFBO)is subsequently proposed.By picking out the most potential points from the LF simulation data and re-simulating them in a high-fidelity(HF)way,the M-MFBO has a possibility to obtain a better result with negligible overhead compared to the MFBO.Finally,two antennas are used to testify the proposed algorithms.It shows that the HF simulation-based BO(HFBO)outperforms the traditional algorithms,the MFBO performs more effectively than the HFBO,and sometimes a superior optimization result can be achieved by reusing the LF simulation data.
文摘目的评价以脂肪酸(fatty acid,FAs)指纹建立奶茶粉真实性判别模型的可行性。方法采集生牛乳喷雾干燥(湿法)和植脂末、乳粉、炼乳粉粉末原料混合制备(干法)奶茶粉138种产品,并采集植脂末、奶油粉和奶粉为参照样品,气相色谱法检测FAs,进行差异性比较,并进行正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonalpartial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)和层聚类分析(hierarchical cluster analysis,HCA),观察各种类奶茶粉样品聚类特征,评价模式相似度。构建奶茶粉掺植脂末OPLS-DA和偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)预测模型。结果生牛乳湿法制备的奶茶粉与其他3种干法制备的奶茶粉FAs指纹显著不同,与奶粉有同质性,两者模式相似度为94.9%;3种干法制备的奶茶粉与植脂末、奶油粉存在同质性,可归入同一个大类,模式相似度为27.2%。OPLS-DA和PLS模型有良好的预测能力,可以区分0%植脂末(奶粉)与添加12.5%植脂末的人工奶茶粉样品。3种市售干法制备奶茶粉植脂末掺入量在50.0%~100.0%区间,生牛乳制备奶茶粉也有填充粉末油脂现象。结论利用FAs指纹可以判别纯正的生牛乳湿法制备与干法工艺生产奶茶粉,并可建立奶茶粉真实性的定性和定量判别模型,为奶茶粉真实性判别提供了创新策略和方法。
