自修复聚乙烯醇/细菌纤维素水凝胶电解质制备及应用

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、细菌纤维素(BC)和硫酸为原料,采用物理交联的冻融循环法制备了聚乙烯醇/细菌纤维素复合水凝胶电解质;经过冻融循环后,聚乙烯醇和细菌纤维素形成了大量的分子间氢键,赋予复合水凝胶良好的自修复性能和力学性能。探讨了纤维素含量对水凝胶电解质力学性能和离子电导率的影响,结果表明,BC含量为0.6%时复合水凝胶自修复性能最好,力学性能最强,断裂强度高达0.41 MPa,离子电导率最高达到138.9 mS/cm,一次修复后离子电导率仍然可达84.1 mS/cm,修复率高达74%。在该自修复聚乙烯醇/细菌纤维素水凝胶电解质表面原位聚合聚苯胺电极,设计组装柔性一体化超级电容器,研究了苯胺浓度对超级电容器性能的影响。结果表明,苯胺浓度为0.2 mol/L时,超级电容器器件在0.2 mA/cm^(2)的电流密度下达到580.8 mF/cm^(2)的高比电容、出色的能量密度(20.17μW·h/cm^(2))和功率密度(50μW/cm^(2)),且一次修复后的电容保持率达到66%,显示出良好的自修复性能,以及保持结构完整性和电化学稳定性的巨大潜力。这些发现表明了自修复聚乙烯醇/细菌纤维素复合水凝胶电解质在柔性可穿戴储能装置中巨大的应用前景。

Genetic Analysis and QTL Mapping of Mature Seed Culturability in Indica Rice

Genetic segregation analysis for mature seed culturability was conducted using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross of indica rice, Yangdao 6 and Pei＇ai 64s. Three indices of seed culturability, the frequency of callus induction, the frequency of brown callus and the increase of callus weight were investigated. A combined genetic map constructed with simple sequence repeat （SSR）, sequence tag site （STS）, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences （CAPS） and single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） markers covered a total distance of 1 732.5 cM, averaging approximately 12 cM between two neighboring loci. Three QTLs on chromosomes 7, 7 and 10 were detected for the frequency of callus induction; three QTLs on chromosomes 6, 7 and 9 were detected for the frequency of brown callus; and two QTLs on chromosomes 5 and 7 were detected for the increase of callus weight. Common QTLs mapped at the interval flanking RM5481 and RM6835 on chromosome 7 were identified to be involved in the frequency of callus induction and the frequency of brown callus, explaining 7.29% and 12.52% of phenotypic variation, respectively. A total of 14 epistatic effects were detected for the three indices of mature seed culturability. ~