Different Foliar Fertilizer Treatments Affect the Yield and Quality of Brassica napus L.for Both Vegetable and Oil Dual-Use Rape

Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of different foliar fertilizer treatments on the agronomic traits,yield,and quality of Brassica napus L.for both vegetable and oil dual-use rape.The seedlings of‘Youtai 929’,‘Jinyoutai 1’,and‘Zhongshuang 11’were sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate,naphthylacetic acid,and selenium fertilizer,and the agronomic traits,yield,and quality were determined.The results showed that the naphthylacetic acid treatment had the highest indexes before winter,followed by the selenium fertilizer treatment.At the harvesting stage,the plant height,number of siliquae,yield per plant,and number of effective branches on the main stem of the three varieties were the highest in the naphthylacetic acid treatment,followed by those in the potassium dihydrogen phosphate treatment.The fresh shoot quality was the best in the selenium fertilizer treatment and the second in the naphthylacetic acid treatment.‘Jinyoutai 1’applied with naphthylacetic acid had the highest economic benefit of 4971.78 CNY/667m2,which was 642.32 CNY/667m2 higher than that of the control.The findings suggested that naphthylacetic acid was suitable to be used as the foliar fertilizer for the seedlings of B.napus varieties for both vegetable and oilseed,and the additional application of selenium fertilizer demonstrated better effect.

湘中地区双季稻生长期内气候变化特征

为探明湘中地区双季早晚稻生长期内气候变化特征及对生产的影响,以该地区1960—2019年的双季早、晚稻生育期内逐日地面气象观测数据为研究对象,比较分析了近60 a早晚稻生长期内各生育时期的温、光、水等气候资源变化趋势,探讨在区域气候变化的背景下,双季早晚稻生产如何充分利用有利气候变化以及避开不利气候变化。结果表明:早稻生长期内的日平均气温、平均日最高气温、平均日最低气温均呈上升趋势,播种育秧期增幅最大,分别为0.433、0.808和0.428℃/10a;播种育秧期和移栽返青分蘖期的日照时数为增加;降水量的增加主要发生在生长后期。晚稻生长期内日平均气温除孕穗期略有下降外,其余生育时期均呈上升趋势;播种育秧期、抽穗期和灌浆成熟期3个时期平均日最高气温均表现出一定幅度的升高,增幅最大的是灌浆成熟期;平均日最低气温表现为持续上升,增幅最大的为灌浆成熟期,达0.226℃/10a;孕穗期的日照时数降幅最大,下降约11.02 h/10a,其次是移栽返青分蘖期,下降约6.656 h/10a。该区域气候变化对早稻而言是利大于弊,而对晚稻来说则制约了其高产潜力的发挥。因此,湘中地区早晚稻生产可采取早稻适当提前播种并搭配迟熟晚稻品种的技术对策。