Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external disturbances.However,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying obs...Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external disturbances.However,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying observation radius,may permit a more flexible and high-efficacy enclosing solution,whilst the non-orthogonal property between axial and tangential speed components,non-ignorable environmental perturbations,and strict assignment requirements empower elliptical encircling control to be more challenging,and the relevant investigations are still open.Following this line,an appointed-time elliptical encircling control rule capable of reinforcing circumnavigation performances is developed to enable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)to move along a specified elliptical path within a predetermined reaching time.The remarkable merits of the designed strategy are that the relative distance controlling error can be guaranteed to evolve within specified regions with a designer-specified convergence behavior.Meanwhile,wind perturbations can be online counteracted based on an unknown system dynamics estimator(USDE)with only one regulating parameter and high computational efficiency.Lyapunov tool demonstrates that all involved error variables are ultimately limited,and simulations are implemented to confirm the usability of the suggested control algorithm.展开更多
Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membran...Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membranous nephropathy,who underwent treatment with prednisone and cyclosporine in 2016.In early 2017,the patient was diagnosed with a"fungal infection"and discontinued the use of cyclosporine.After one month of anti-infection therapy,a cranial magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple abscesses in the right temporal region.The diagnosis of nocardiosis was confirmed based on the presence of metastatic abscess masses,multiple lung and brain lesions,and a positive culture of Nocardia in the drainage.We changed the anti-infection therapy to a combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX),minocycline,and voriconazole.However,the patient experienced a sudden cardiac arrest and subsequently recovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.During the five-month follow-up period following the discharge,the patient displayed an enhanced nutritional status and stable renal function.The focal infection ultimately resolved during the subsequent three years.Neuro-infection caused by Nocardia should be considered in immunocompromised patients,and TMP-SMX is the preferred initial therapy;however,because of the high mortality rate,a long-term combination therapy with imipenem,cefotaxime,amikacin,and TMP-SMX is suggested.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)is unevenly distributed throughout the soil and plant roots proliferate in N-rich soil patches.However,the relationship between the root response to localized N supply and maize N uptake efficiency among di...Nitrogen(N)is unevenly distributed throughout the soil and plant roots proliferate in N-rich soil patches.However,the relationship between the root response to localized N supply and maize N uptake efficiency among different genotypes is unclear.In this study,four maize varieties were evaluated to explore genotypic differences in the root response to local N application in relation to N uptake.A split-root system was established for hydroponically-grown plants and two methods of local N application(local banding and local dotting)were examined in the field.Genotypic differences in the root length response to N were highly correlated between the hydroponic and field conditions(r>0.99).Genotypes showing high response to N,ZD958,XY335 and XF32D22,showed 50‒63%longer lateral root length and 36‒53%greater root biomass in N-rich regions under hydroponic conditions,while the LY13 genotype did not respond to N.Under field conditions,the root length of the high-response genotypes was found to increase by 66‒75%at 40‒60 cm soil depth,while LY13 showed smaller changes in root length.In addition,local N application increased N uptake at the post-silking stage by 16‒88%in the high-response genotypes and increased the grain yield of ZD958 by 10‒12%.Moreover,yield was positively correlated with root length at 40‒60 cm soil depth(r=0.39).We conclude that local fertilization should be used for high-response genotypes,which can be rapidly identified at the seedling stage,and selection for“local-N responsive roots”can be a promising trait in maize breeding for high nitrogen uptake efficiency.展开更多
The design and synthesis of non-precious metal dual-functional electrocatalysts through the modulation of electronic structure are important for the development of renewable hydrogen energy.Herein,MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC h...The design and synthesis of non-precious metal dual-functional electrocatalysts through the modulation of electronic structure are important for the development of renewable hydrogen energy.Herein,MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC heterostructure dual-functional catalysts with ultrathin nanosheets were prepared by a twostep electrodeposition method for efficient acidic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and degradation of organic wastewater(such as methylene blue(MB)).The electronic structure of Mn atoms at the MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC heterostructure interface is reconfigured under the joint action of S and O atoms.Theoretical calculations show that the Mn d-band electron distribution in MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst has higher occupied states near the Fermi level compared to the MnO_(2) and MnS_(2) catalysts,which indicates that MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst has better electron transfer capability and catalytic activity.The MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalysts require overpotential of only 66 and 116 mV to reach current density of 10 and 100 mA cm^(-2)in MB/H_(2)SO_(4) media.The MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst also has a low Tafel slope(26.72 mV dec^(-1)) and excellent stability(the performance does not decay after 20 h of testing).In addition,the MB removal efficiency of the MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst with a better kinetic rate(0.0226) can reach 97.76%,which is much higher than that of the MnO_(x)-CC catalyst(72.10%).This strategy provides a new way to develop efficient and stable non-precious metal dual-functional electrocatalysts for HER and organic wastewater degradation.展开更多
Objective This study examined humanin expression in rat ovarian tissue,its cellular localization,and its correlation with rat age under physiological conditions.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats of various age...Objective This study examined humanin expression in rat ovarian tissue,its cellular localization,and its correlation with rat age under physiological conditions.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages(2,12,30,and 60 days old and 1 year old)were grouped by age.Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical techniques were used to observe humanin expression and cellular location in the ovarian tissues of rats from each age group.In addition,Western blotting and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)techniques were used to measure humanin expression level in the ovarian tissues of rats from each age group.Results The immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical results confirmed that humanin was expressed in rat ovarian tissues.In addition,cellular localization analysis showed that humanin was expressed in the cytoplasm of oocytes,interstitial cells,granulosa cells and theca cells in all levels of follicles after the primary follicles,and in the corpus luteum.The qRT-PCR results revealed that the level of humanin expression in the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old rats was non-significantly higher than that in the ovarian tissues of 2-day-old rats(P>0.05),whereas the levels of humanin expression in the ovarian tissues of 30-day-old,60-day-old,and 1-year-old rats were significantly lower than that in the ovarian tissues of 2-day-old rats(P<0.05).The Western blotting results demonstrated that the levels of humanin protein expression in the ovarian tissues of 60-day-old and 1-year-old rats were significantly lower than those of 2-day-old rats(P<0.01),whereas there was no significant difference in the level of humanin protein expression between the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old and 30-day-old rats.Conclusion This study confirmed that humanin is expressed in the cytoplasm of various cells in rat ovarian tissues.Moreover,the level of humanin expression was highest in the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old rats,and it subsequently decreased with age.The changes in the expression of humanin in the ovary of rats at different ages will lay the foundation for the role of humanin in ovarian aging.The effect of humanin on ovarian function is worthy of further study in the future.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61803348,62173312,51922009)Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement(Grant No.201905D121001).
文摘Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external disturbances.However,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying observation radius,may permit a more flexible and high-efficacy enclosing solution,whilst the non-orthogonal property between axial and tangential speed components,non-ignorable environmental perturbations,and strict assignment requirements empower elliptical encircling control to be more challenging,and the relevant investigations are still open.Following this line,an appointed-time elliptical encircling control rule capable of reinforcing circumnavigation performances is developed to enable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)to move along a specified elliptical path within a predetermined reaching time.The remarkable merits of the designed strategy are that the relative distance controlling error can be guaranteed to evolve within specified regions with a designer-specified convergence behavior.Meanwhile,wind perturbations can be online counteracted based on an unknown system dynamics estimator(USDE)with only one regulating parameter and high computational efficiency.Lyapunov tool demonstrates that all involved error variables are ultimately limited,and simulations are implemented to confirm the usability of the suggested control algorithm.
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81570666)International Society of Nephrology Clinical Research Program(Grant No.18-01-0247)+3 种基金Program of Jiangsu Clinical Research Center(Grant No.BL2014084)Jiangsu Province Key Medical Personnel Project(Grant No.ZDRCA2016002)CKD Anemia Research Foundation from China International Medical Foundation(Grant No.Z-2017-24-2037)Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Talents Support Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Jiangsu Province Hospital).
文摘Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membranous nephropathy,who underwent treatment with prednisone and cyclosporine in 2016.In early 2017,the patient was diagnosed with a"fungal infection"and discontinued the use of cyclosporine.After one month of anti-infection therapy,a cranial magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple abscesses in the right temporal region.The diagnosis of nocardiosis was confirmed based on the presence of metastatic abscess masses,multiple lung and brain lesions,and a positive culture of Nocardia in the drainage.We changed the anti-infection therapy to a combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX),minocycline,and voriconazole.However,the patient experienced a sudden cardiac arrest and subsequently recovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.During the five-month follow-up period following the discharge,the patient displayed an enhanced nutritional status and stable renal function.The focal infection ultimately resolved during the subsequent three years.Neuro-infection caused by Nocardia should be considered in immunocompromised patients,and TMP-SMX is the preferred initial therapy;however,because of the high mortality rate,a long-term combination therapy with imipenem,cefotaxime,amikacin,and TMP-SMX is suggested.
基金supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(321CXTD443)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972485 and 31971948).
文摘Nitrogen(N)is unevenly distributed throughout the soil and plant roots proliferate in N-rich soil patches.However,the relationship between the root response to localized N supply and maize N uptake efficiency among different genotypes is unclear.In this study,four maize varieties were evaluated to explore genotypic differences in the root response to local N application in relation to N uptake.A split-root system was established for hydroponically-grown plants and two methods of local N application(local banding and local dotting)were examined in the field.Genotypic differences in the root length response to N were highly correlated between the hydroponic and field conditions(r>0.99).Genotypes showing high response to N,ZD958,XY335 and XF32D22,showed 50‒63%longer lateral root length and 36‒53%greater root biomass in N-rich regions under hydroponic conditions,while the LY13 genotype did not respond to N.Under field conditions,the root length of the high-response genotypes was found to increase by 66‒75%at 40‒60 cm soil depth,while LY13 showed smaller changes in root length.In addition,local N application increased N uptake at the post-silking stage by 16‒88%in the high-response genotypes and increased the grain yield of ZD958 by 10‒12%.Moreover,yield was positively correlated with root length at 40‒60 cm soil depth(r=0.39).We conclude that local fertilization should be used for high-response genotypes,which can be rapidly identified at the seedling stage,and selection for“local-N responsive roots”can be a promising trait in maize breeding for high nitrogen uptake efficiency.
基金supported by The Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technologythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 52070006)。
文摘The design and synthesis of non-precious metal dual-functional electrocatalysts through the modulation of electronic structure are important for the development of renewable hydrogen energy.Herein,MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC heterostructure dual-functional catalysts with ultrathin nanosheets were prepared by a twostep electrodeposition method for efficient acidic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and degradation of organic wastewater(such as methylene blue(MB)).The electronic structure of Mn atoms at the MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC heterostructure interface is reconfigured under the joint action of S and O atoms.Theoretical calculations show that the Mn d-band electron distribution in MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst has higher occupied states near the Fermi level compared to the MnO_(2) and MnS_(2) catalysts,which indicates that MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst has better electron transfer capability and catalytic activity.The MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalysts require overpotential of only 66 and 116 mV to reach current density of 10 and 100 mA cm^(-2)in MB/H_(2)SO_(4) media.The MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst also has a low Tafel slope(26.72 mV dec^(-1)) and excellent stability(the performance does not decay after 20 h of testing).In addition,the MB removal efficiency of the MnS_(2)/MnO_(2)-CC catalyst with a better kinetic rate(0.0226) can reach 97.76%,which is much higher than that of the MnO_(x)-CC catalyst(72.10%).This strategy provides a new way to develop efficient and stable non-precious metal dual-functional electrocatalysts for HER and organic wastewater degradation.
文摘Objective This study examined humanin expression in rat ovarian tissue,its cellular localization,and its correlation with rat age under physiological conditions.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages(2,12,30,and 60 days old and 1 year old)were grouped by age.Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical techniques were used to observe humanin expression and cellular location in the ovarian tissues of rats from each age group.In addition,Western blotting and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)techniques were used to measure humanin expression level in the ovarian tissues of rats from each age group.Results The immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical results confirmed that humanin was expressed in rat ovarian tissues.In addition,cellular localization analysis showed that humanin was expressed in the cytoplasm of oocytes,interstitial cells,granulosa cells and theca cells in all levels of follicles after the primary follicles,and in the corpus luteum.The qRT-PCR results revealed that the level of humanin expression in the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old rats was non-significantly higher than that in the ovarian tissues of 2-day-old rats(P>0.05),whereas the levels of humanin expression in the ovarian tissues of 30-day-old,60-day-old,and 1-year-old rats were significantly lower than that in the ovarian tissues of 2-day-old rats(P<0.05).The Western blotting results demonstrated that the levels of humanin protein expression in the ovarian tissues of 60-day-old and 1-year-old rats were significantly lower than those of 2-day-old rats(P<0.01),whereas there was no significant difference in the level of humanin protein expression between the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old and 30-day-old rats.Conclusion This study confirmed that humanin is expressed in the cytoplasm of various cells in rat ovarian tissues.Moreover,the level of humanin expression was highest in the ovarian tissues of 12-day-old rats,and it subsequently decreased with age.The changes in the expression of humanin in the ovary of rats at different ages will lay the foundation for the role of humanin in ovarian aging.The effect of humanin on ovarian function is worthy of further study in the future.
