Effects of self-healing biomimetic subsoiler on tillage resistance, wearcorrosion performance and soil disturbance morphology under different soil types

Subsoiling has been widely used all over the world as an important operation method of no-tillage farming.For energy-saving and life-extension,the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion of subsoilers have attracted wide attention.In this study,the tillage resistance,soil disturbance,wear and corrosion of subsoiler with S-T-SK-2#biomimetic structures(S means subsoiler;T means tine;SK means shank;2#,h/s=0.57,h=5 mm andα=45°.)and self-healing coating under two seasons,two locations with different soil properties(black loam and clay soil)and subsoiling speeds(2 km/h and 3.6 km/h)were investigated.The soil moisture content and compactness affected the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion.The tillage resistance and degree of corrosion on all subsoilers were much larger in clay soil than that in black loam soil.Compared with S-T-SK-2#,the tillage reduction rate of C-S-T-SK-2#(S-T-SK-2#with self-healing coating)was up to 14.32%in clay soil under the speed of 2 km/h.The significance tests of regression equation results showed that subsoiler type and soil properties had a significant impact on soil disturbance coefficient,swelling of total soil layer,bulkiness of the plough pan.It is of a guiding significance for the analysis of soil disturbance.Synergism mechanism of subsoiler coupling with biomimetic structures and self-healing coating was analyzed in following.It depicted the guiding effect of biomimetic structure and the shield function of self-healing coating,resulting in anticorrosion and wear resistance of subsoiler.

Modern deep learning in bioinformatics

Deep learning(DL)has shown explosive growth in its application to bioinformatics and has demonstrated thrillingly promising power to mine the complex relationship hidden in large-scale biological and biomedical data.A number of comprehensive reviews have been published on such applications,ranging from high-level reviews with future perspectives to those mainly serving as tutorials.

哺乳动物抑制型转录因子及启动子对的全新设计与构建

转录因子及启动子是基因回路的基础。相较于原核启动子,真核启动子作用机制复杂,增加了全新设计与改造的难度。目前有限数量的真核转录因子及启动子成为在哺乳动物细胞中设计并实现复杂基因回路以满足各类临床或工业应用需求的瓶颈。文中介绍了基于能够结合特定DNA序列的DNA结合结构域,通过柔性连接肽连接到转录抑制模块KRAB,构建抑制型转录因子以及通过在SV40启动子下游插入结合序列构建对应启动子的方法。而后,在哺乳动物细胞系中通过流式细胞术对其抑制转录的强度、不同转录因子及启动子对之间的正交性进行了测定。文中提供了一套标准化的、可调节的转录因子及启动子的全新设计与构建方案。基于该方案所构建的5对抑制型转录因子及启动子对能够在哺乳动物细胞中起到不同程度的抑制效果且相互正交。文中构建的哺乳动物转录因子及启动子对扩充了哺乳动物生物元件库,为构建复杂真核基因回路打下了基础;运用该设计方法能够根据需求构建更多正交的人工转录因子及启动子对。

Cesium atomic Doppler broadening thermometry for room temperature measurement

Atomic Doppler broadening thermometry（DBT） is potentially an accurate and practical approach for thermodynamic temperature measurement. However, previous reported atomic DBT had a long acquisition time and had only been proved at the triple point of water, 0°C, for the purpose of determination of the Boltzmann constant. This research implemented the cesium atomic DBT for fast room temperature measurement. The Cs133 D1(6 S1/2→ 6 p1/2 transition) line was measured by direct laser absorption spectroscopy, and the quantity of thermal-induced linewidth broadening was precisely retrieved by the Voigt profile fitting algorithm. The preliminary results showed the proposed approach had a 4 min single-scan acquisition time and 0.2% reproducibility. It is expected that the atomic DBT could be used as an accurate, chip-scale, and calibration-free temperature sensor and standard.

Soliton microcomb-assisted microring photonic thermometer with ultra-high resolution and broad range

Whispering gallery mode resonators(WGMRs)have proven their advantages in terms of sensitivity and precision in various sensing applications.However,when high precision is pursued,the WGMR demands a high-quality factor usually at the cost of its free spectral range(FSR)and corresponding measurement range.In this article,we propose a high-resolution and wide-range temperature sensor based on chip-scale WGMRs,which utilizes a Si_(3)N_(4)ring resonator as the sensing element and a Mg F_(2)-based microcomb as a broadband frequency reference.By measuring the beatnote signal of the WGM and microcomb,the ultra-high resolution of 58 micro-Kelvin(μK)was obtained.To ensure high resolution and broad range simultaneously,we propose an ambiguity-resolving method based on the gradient of feedback voltage and combine it with a frequency-locking technique.In a proof-of-concept experiment,a wide measurement range of 45 K was demonstrated.Our soliton comb-assisted temperature measurement method offers high-resolution and wide-range capabilities,with promising advancements in various sensing applications.