为分析排气管内压力波动对发动机二冲程制动功率的影响,以某重型柴油机为研究对象,利用GT-Power建立发动机二冲程制动一维模型,通过修改排气型线开展排气道压力波动对制动性能影响的研究。结果表明:第二次减压制动(the second compressi...为分析排气管内压力波动对发动机二冲程制动功率的影响,以某重型柴油机为研究对象,利用GT-Power建立发动机二冲程制动一维模型,通过修改排气型线开展排气道压力波动对制动性能影响的研究。结果表明:第二次减压制动(the second compression release braking,2nd CRB)相位开启时的压力波动会影响到其他气缸的排气回流,进而影响发动机的制动功率。进一步对排气管进行三维流场计算,证明了其他气缸2nd CRB相位排气门开启时的压力波传递对排气回流阶段排气回流的影响。最后通过试验设计(design of experiment,DoE),结合响应面拟合和粒子群算法对排气管几何尺寸进行优化,优化后该柴油机二冲程减压制动模式下2100 r/min工况的最大制动功率可达到395.08 kW。展开更多
BACKGROUND There is no established treatment to impede the progression or restore kidney function in human chronic kidney disease(CKD).AIM To examine the efficacy of cultured human CD34+cells with enhanced proliferati...BACKGROUND There is no established treatment to impede the progression or restore kidney function in human chronic kidney disease(CKD).AIM To examine the efficacy of cultured human CD34+cells with enhanced proliferating potential in kidney injury in mice.METHODS Human umbilical cord blood(UCB)-derived CD34+cells were incubated for one week in vasculogenic conditioning medium.Vasculogenic culture significantly increased the number of CD34+cells and their ability to form endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units.Adenineinduced tubulointerstitial injury of the kidney was induced in immunodeficient non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice,and cultured human UCB-CD34+cells were administered at a dose of 1×106/mouse on days 7,14,and 21 after the start of adenine diet.RESULTS Repetitive administration of cultured UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved the time-course of kidney dysfunction in the cell therapy group compared with that in the control group.Both interstitial fibrosis and tubular damage were significantly reduced in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.01).Microvasculature integrity was significantly preserved(P<0.01)and macrophage infiltration into kidney tissue was dramatically decreased in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Early intervention using human cultured CD34+cells significantly improved the progression of tubulointerstitial kidney injury.Repetitive administration of cultured human UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved tubulointerstitial damage in adenine-induced kidney injury in mice via vasculoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.展开更多
通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem q-exactive quadrupole-electrostatic field track trap high resolution mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)化学成分分...通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem q-exactive quadrupole-electrostatic field track trap high resolution mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)化学成分分析和体外抗氧化活性(DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、羟自由基清除率,还原能力及总酚含量)测定,对假喜马拉雅块菌子实体80%(体积分数)甲醇提取物的主要营养成分和子实体不同溶剂(80%甲醇、水)提取物的体外抗氧化能力进行初步研究。从假喜马拉雅块菌中共鉴定出51个成分,包括13个游离氨基酸、11个有机酸、8个核苷类、9个酰胺类、10个其他类,其中8个成分(苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-酪氨酸、腺苷、苯甲酸、油酰胺、吡嗪)经与对照品比对后准确鉴别。抗氧化结果表明,水提物对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、羟自由基清除率及还原力较高,EC_(50)值分别为14.97、0.19、3.21 mg/mL、水提物的总酚含量最高3.99 mg/g,甲醇提取物的总酚含量1.87 mg/g。该研究表明块菌不同的提取物中总酚含量及其抗氧化活性存在一定差异性且总酚含量与抗氧化活性呈现出一定的正相关性。该研究可为块菌质量评价、化学成分及其药理活性基础研究奠定基础,为天然抗氧化剂的开发提供科学依据,对开发利用块菌资源具有指导意义。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND There is no established treatment to impede the progression or restore kidney function in human chronic kidney disease(CKD).AIM To examine the efficacy of cultured human CD34+cells with enhanced proliferating potential in kidney injury in mice.METHODS Human umbilical cord blood(UCB)-derived CD34+cells were incubated for one week in vasculogenic conditioning medium.Vasculogenic culture significantly increased the number of CD34+cells and their ability to form endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units.Adenineinduced tubulointerstitial injury of the kidney was induced in immunodeficient non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice,and cultured human UCB-CD34+cells were administered at a dose of 1×106/mouse on days 7,14,and 21 after the start of adenine diet.RESULTS Repetitive administration of cultured UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved the time-course of kidney dysfunction in the cell therapy group compared with that in the control group.Both interstitial fibrosis and tubular damage were significantly reduced in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.01).Microvasculature integrity was significantly preserved(P<0.01)and macrophage infiltration into kidney tissue was dramatically decreased in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Early intervention using human cultured CD34+cells significantly improved the progression of tubulointerstitial kidney injury.Repetitive administration of cultured human UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved tubulointerstitial damage in adenine-induced kidney injury in mice via vasculoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.