Objective: To explore the practice and application of infection prevention and control strategies in risk departments during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to formulate the infection prevention and control measures to pro...Objective: To explore the practice and application of infection prevention and control strategies in risk departments during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to formulate the infection prevention and control measures to provide advice and guidance in risk departments. Methods: According to the latest plan of diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission, expert advice and consensus, combined with the actual situation in our hospital, a series of infection prevention and control measures of COVID-19 in risk department was formulated. Results: During the epidemic period, the prevention and control measures of nine risk departments including emergency operation, anesthesiology, endoscopy center, blood purification center, otolaryngology, stomatology, medical imaging department, medical cosmetology department and pulmonary function room were established from six aspects, including pre-examination and screening, medical technology control, personnel management, personal protection, environmental disinfection, medical waste disposal, etc. Conclusion: During the epidemic period, the infection prevention and control strategy of risk departments is one of the key links to control the spread of the epidemic, and risk departments must pay attention to and strictly implement various infection prevention and control measures.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital i...Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.展开更多
The 2.5 m wide-field and high-resolution solar telescope(WeHoST)is currently under developing for solar observations.WeHoST aims to achieve high-resolution observations over a super-wide field of view(FOV)of5′×5...The 2.5 m wide-field and high-resolution solar telescope(WeHoST)is currently under developing for solar observations.WeHoST aims to achieve high-resolution observations over a super-wide field of view(FOV)of5′×5′,and a desired resolution of 0.3″.To meet the scientific requirements of WeHoST,the ground-layer adaptive optics(GLAO)with a specially designed wave front sensing system is as the primary consideration.We introduce the GLAO configuration,particularly the wave front sensing scheme.Utilizing analytic method,we simulate the performance of both classical AO and GLAO systems,optimize the wave front sensing system,and evaluate GLAO performance in terms of PSF uniformity and correction improvement across whole FOV.The results indicate that,the classical AO will achieve diffraction-limited resolution;the suggested GLAO configuration will uniformly improve the seeing across the full 5′×5′FOV,reducing the FWHM across the axis FOV to less than0.3″(λ≥705 nm,r0≥11 cm),which is more than two times improvement.The specially designed wave front sensor schedule offers new potential for WeHoST’s GLAO,particularly the multi-FOV GLAO and the flexibility to select the detected area.These capabilities will significantly enhance the scientific output of the telescope.展开更多
The recycling of graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is overlooked due to its relatively low added value and the lack of efficient recovering methods.To reuse the spent graphite anodes,we need to eliminate ...The recycling of graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is overlooked due to its relatively low added value and the lack of efficient recovering methods.To reuse the spent graphite anodes,we need to eliminate their useless components(mainly the degraded solid electrolyte interphase,SEI)and reconstruct their damaged structure.Herein,a facile and efficient strategy is proposed to recycle the spent graphite on the basis of the careful investigation of the composition of the cycled graphite anodes and the rational design of the regeneration processes.The regenerated graphite,which is revitalized by calcination treatment and acid leaching,delivers superb rate performance and a high specific capacity of 370 mAh g^(-1)(~99% of its theoretical capacity)after 100 cycles at 0.1 C,superior to the commercial graphite anodes.The improved electrochemical performance could be attributed to unchoked Li^(+) transport channels and enhanced charge transfer reaction due to the effective destruction of the degraded SEI and the full recovery of the damaged structure of the spent graphite.This work clarifies that the electrochemical performance of the regenerated graphite could be deteriorated by even a trace amount of the residual“impurity”and provides a facile method for the efficient regeneration of graphite anodes.展开更多
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites(HOIPs)hold promise in the field of optoelectronics due to their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.However,the ion migration and hygroscopicity of these perovskite solar...Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites(HOIPs)hold promise in the field of optoelectronics due to their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.However,the ion migration and hygroscopicity of these perovskite solar cells need to be addressed.Here,we presented semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)using hole transport layer(HTL)combined with polyaniline(PANI)to stabilize HTL/perovskite interface,achieving a humidity durability(RH,50%-90%)for 596 days(14304 h)without encapsulation.Moreover,the decrease in hydrolysis products(LiF)showed the interaction between PANI with the addi-tives in HTL dramatically inhibited the water uptake and corrosion on MAPbI_(3),layer.The PANI modified samples had a higher I/Pb ratio and lower trap state density,which indicated the passivation effect of PANI on the uncoordinated Pb^(2+)and iodine vacancies.Subsequently,PANI successfully stabilized the interface and perovskite by inhibiting the formation of Pb^(0) and Au migration as long period storage.This work presented an interfacial design to develop HOiP in air with high humidity stability.展开更多
Renewable electrocatalytic upgrading of biomass feedstocks into valuable chemicals is one of the promising strategies to relieve the pressure of traditional energy-based systems.Through electrocatalytic carbon–carbon...Renewable electrocatalytic upgrading of biomass feedstocks into valuable chemicals is one of the promising strategies to relieve the pressure of traditional energy-based systems.Through electrocatalytic carbon–carbon bond cleavage of high selectivity,various functionalized molecules,such as organic acids,amides,esters,and nitriles,have great potential to be accessed from biomass.However,it has merely received finite concerns and interests in the biorefinery.This review first showcases the research progress on the electrocatalytic conversion of lipid/sugar-and lignin-derived molecules(e.g.,glycerol,mesoerythritol,xylose,glucose,1-phenylethanol,and cyclohexanol)into organic acids via specific carbon–carbon bond scission processes,with focus on disclosing reaction mechanisms,recognizing actual active species,and collecting feasible modification strategies.For the guidance of further extensive studies on biomass valorization,organic transformations via a variety of reactions,including decarboxylation,ring-opening,rearrangement,reductive hydrogenation,and carboxylation,are also disclosed for the construction of similar carbon skeletons/scaffolds.The remaining challenges,prospective applications,and future objectives in terms of biomass conversion are also proposed.This review is expected to provide references to develop renewed electrocatalytic carbon–carbon bond cleavage transformation paths/strategies for biomass upgrading.展开更多
In the video captioning methods based on an encoder-decoder,limited visual features are extracted by an encoder,and a natural sentence of the video content is generated using a decoder.However,this kind ofmethod is de...In the video captioning methods based on an encoder-decoder,limited visual features are extracted by an encoder,and a natural sentence of the video content is generated using a decoder.However,this kind ofmethod is dependent on a single video input source and few visual labels,and there is a problem with semantic alignment between video contents and generated natural sentences,which are not suitable for accurately comprehending and describing the video contents.To address this issue,this paper proposes a video captioning method by semantic topic-guided generation.First,a 3D convolutional neural network is utilized to extract the spatiotemporal features of videos during the encoding.Then,the semantic topics of video data are extracted using the visual labels retrieved from similar video data.In the decoding,a decoder is constructed by combining a novel Enhance-TopK sampling algorithm with a Generative Pre-trained Transformer-2 deep neural network,which decreases the influence of“deviation”in the semantic mapping process between videos and texts by jointly decoding a baseline and semantic topics of video contents.During this process,the designed Enhance-TopK sampling algorithm can alleviate a long-tail problem by dynamically adjusting the probability distribution of the predicted words.Finally,the experiments are conducted on two publicly used Microsoft Research Video Description andMicrosoft Research-Video to Text datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-art approaches.Specifically,the performance indicators Bilingual Evaluation Understudy,Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering,Recall Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation-longest common subsequence,and Consensus-based Image Description Evaluation of the proposed method are improved by 1.2%,0.1%,0.3%,and 2.4% on the Microsoft Research Video Description dataset,and 0.1%,1.0%,0.1%,and 2.8% on the Microsoft Research-Video to Text dataset,respectively,compared with the existing video captioning methods.As a result,the proposed method can generate video captioning that is more closely aligned with human natural language expression habits.展开更多
Gas-produced water is an accompanying wastewater in the natural gas extraction process,and it is a potential liquid lithium resource that contains a considerable amount of lithium.This study investigated the feasibili...Gas-produced water is an accompanying wastewater in the natural gas extraction process,and it is a potential liquid lithium resource that contains a considerable amount of lithium.This study investigated the feasibility of using manganese-based ion sieves to adsorb and extract lithium from gas-produced water.And we focused on the applicability of two different granulation methods,extrusion and droplet,in gas-produced water systems.Two types of H_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4) particles were prepared by the extrusion method(EHMO)and the droplet method(DHMO).The porosity of DHMO was much higher than that of EHMO,and the adsorption performance of DHMO increased with the decrease of binder concentration.DHMO prepared with a binder concentration of 0.14 g·ml^(-1)exhibited the best adsorption performance in gas-produced water,and the Li^(+)adsorption capacity could reach 25.14 mg·g^(-1).In gas-produced water,the adsorption equilibrium of DHMO only took 9 h,and the adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The pore diffusion model(PDM)could well describe its adsorption process.Besides,DHMO showed a great selectivity to Li^(+),and the selectivity order of DHMO in gas-produced water was Li^(+)>Ba^(2+)>>Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),Sr^(2+)>>Na^(+)>>K^(+).After 20 cycles,the Li^(+)adsorption capacity was still higher than 17.30 mg·g^(-1),and the rate of manganese dissolution was less than 1%.展开更多
Quantum Fisher information(QFI)associated with local metrology has been used to parameter estimation in open quantum systems.In this work,we calculated the QFI for a moving Unruh-DeWitt detector coupled with massless ...Quantum Fisher information(QFI)associated with local metrology has been used to parameter estimation in open quantum systems.In this work,we calculated the QFI for a moving Unruh-DeWitt detector coupled with massless scalar fields in n-dimensional spacetime,and analyzed the behavior of QFI with various parameters,such as the dimension of spacetime,evolution time,and Unruh temperature.We discovered that the QFI of state parameter decreases monotonically from 1 to 0 over time.Additionally,we noted that the QFI for small evolution times is several orders of magnitude higher than the QFI for long evolution times.We also found that the value of QFI decreases at first and then stabilizes as the Unruh temperature increases.It was observed that the QFI depends on initial state parameterθ,and Fθis the maximum forθ=0 orθ=π,Fφis the maximum forθ=π/2.We also obtain that the maximum value of QFI for state parameters varies for different spacetime dimensions with the same evolution time.展开更多
BACKGROUND The role of physical activity in diabetes is critical,influencing this disease's development,man-agement,and overall outcomes.In China,22.3%of adults do not meet the minimum level of physical activity r...BACKGROUND The role of physical activity in diabetes is critical,influencing this disease's development,man-agement,and overall outcomes.In China,22.3%of adults do not meet the minimum level of physical activity recommended by the World Health Organization.Therefore,it is imperative to identify the factors that contributing to lack of physical activity must be identified.AIM To investigate the relationship among delay discounting,delay aversion,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),and various levels of physical activity in Chinese adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS In 2023,400 adults with T2DM were recruited from the People's Hospital of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province.A face-to-face questionnaire was used to gather demographic data and details on physical activity,delay discounting,and delay aversion.In addition,HbA1c levels were measured in all 400 participants.The primary independent variables considered were delay discounting and delay aversion.The outcome variables included HbA1c levels and different intensity levels of physical activity,including walking,moderate physical activity,and vigorous physical activity.Multiple linear regression models were utilized to assess the relationship between delay discounting,delay aversion,and HbA1c levels,along with the intensity of different physical activity measured in met-hours per week.RESULTS After controlling for the sample characteristics,delay discounting was negatively associated with moderate physical activity(β=-2.386,95%CI:-4.370 to-0.401).Meanwhile,delay aversion was negatively associated with the level of moderate physical activity(β=-3.527,95%CI:-5.578 to-1.476)in the multiple linear regression model,with statistically significant differences.CONCLUSION Elevated delay discounting and increased delay aversion correlated with reduced levels of moderate physical activity.Result suggests that delay discounting and aversion may influence engagement in moderate physical activity.This study recommends that health administration and government consider delay discounting and delay aversion when formulating behavioral intervention strategies and treatment guidelines involving physical activity for patients with T2DM,which may increase participation in physical activity.This study contributes a novel perspective to the research on physical activity in adults with T2DM by examining the significance of future health considerations and the role of emotional responses to delays.展开更多
This study draws on the classic theories and research achievements of university teacher development,and from the perspective of role conflict in social psychology,proposes policy recommendations for the development o...This study draws on the classic theories and research achievements of university teacher development,and from the perspective of role conflict in social psychology,proposes policy recommendations for the development of clinical teachers in medical colleges,including following different stages of teacher development and designing teaching development strategies at different levels;designing the content and form of teaching development activities to meet the temporal and spatial needs of clinical teachers;and building an academic community for clinical teachers to promote the creation of teaching development behaviors.展开更多
Taking role conflict as the starting point,this article examines and reflects on the development of clinical teachers.In the process of the occurrence,development,and resolution of role conflicts among clinical teache...Taking role conflict as the starting point,this article examines and reflects on the development of clinical teachers.In the process of the occurrence,development,and resolution of role conflicts among clinical teachers,there are many hidden issues related to the development of clinical teachers.The development of clinical teacher teaching and role conflict management contain similar educational philosophies and practical issues.This study draws on classic theories and research achievements in the development of university teachers and conducts theoretical analysis and practical reflection on the development of clinical teachers in medical colleges from the perspective of role conflict in social psychology.Policy recommendations are proposed,including strengthening the construction of teaching systems at the hospital organizational environment level,enhancing the role identity and teacher beliefs of clinical teachers,promoting their teaching development and academic learning,and ensuring their normal teaching investment;promoting leadership support at the level of interpersonal interaction and leveraging the role of colleague support in alleviating role conflicts;enhancing individual teacher beliefs,teacher role learning,and role skills.展开更多
This study examined the effects of various levels of dietary nonphytate phosphorus on laying performance and the expression patterns of phosphorus metabolism related genes in Dwarf pink-shell Jaying hens. A total of 4...This study examined the effects of various levels of dietary nonphytate phosphorus on laying performance and the expression patterns of phosphorus metabolism related genes in Dwarf pink-shell Jaying hens. A total of 405 28-week-old Dwarf pink-shell laying hens were fed the same corn-soybean basal meals but containing 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35% or 0.40% nonphytate phosphorus. The results showed that feed intake, egg production, and average egg weights were quadratically correlated with dietary nonphytate phosphorus content (P 〈 0.05), and the highest egg production, feed intake and average egg weights were achieved when dietary nonphytate phosphorus was at 0.3% (P 〈 0.05). mRNA expression of intestinal sodium phosphorus co-transporter linearly decreased when dietary nonphytate phosphorus increased, mRNA and protein expression of intestinal calbindin and vitamin D receptor correlated quadratically with dietary nonphytate phosphorus, and the highest expression was found when dietary available phosphorus was at 0.2,5% to 0.3%. In conclusion, the ideal phosphorus requirement for Dwarf pink-shell layer hens is estimated to be 0.3% in a corn-soybean diet. With this level of phosphorus supplementation, calbindin and vitamin D receptor reached their highest expression.展开更多
Background: A dandelion is a common plant with a global growth distribution that has been used as a medicinal and food with no adverse effects. Purpose: In this article, the products and effects of dandelions are revi...Background: A dandelion is a common plant with a global growth distribution that has been used as a medicinal and food with no adverse effects. Purpose: In this article, the products and effects of dandelions are reviewed to help further in-depth studies and develop more products derived from dandelions in the future. Method: The literature about dandelion in various databases such as Pubmed is searched. Results: Dandelions have many effects, such as virus inhibition, anti-tumor activity, nutritional value, anti-aging, potential as a vaccine and alleviation of heat stress. The mechanism underlying these effects is analyzed and it was found that dandelions were regulated by RNA or DNA. Conclusion: As a medicinal and food, dandelions are safe and have many effects. Many products derived from dandelions have been developed. The metabolic regulation is related with ribonucleic acid or possibly deoxynucleic acid. Further in-depth studies should be conducted on the regulation of dandelions through RNA or DNA. There will likely be more products derived from dandelions in the future.展开更多
Acute liver failure is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. Currently, the research on Astragaloside IV in liver diseases primarily focuses on liver cancer, and there is limited understandi...Acute liver failure is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. Currently, the research on Astragaloside IV in liver diseases primarily focuses on liver cancer, and there is limited understanding of its mechanism in acute liver failure’s innate immunity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential protective effect of Astragaloside IV on acute liver failure and its impact on innate immune cells. The study employed D-GalN/LPS-induced acute liver failure mouse models and employed various techniques such as a range of molecular and analytical techniques. The experimental results demonstrated that treatment with Astragaloside IV significantly reduced the inflammatory response, alleviated liver injury, and improved the survival rate of mice with acute liver failure induced by D-GalN/LPS. Further investigations revealed that AS-IV played a beneficial role by regulating the proportion of CD11b<sup>+</sup>Ly6C<sup>hi</sup> monocytes and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory metabolites. These findings suggest that the pharmacological mechanism of AS-IV may involve targeted regulation of CD11b<sup>+</sup>Ly6C<sup>hi</sup> monocytes in both peripheral blood and liver. The implications of this study’s results are twofold. Firstly, they provide a basis for the clinical application of AS-IV in treating liver failure, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Secondly, they serve as a reference for further development of safer and more effective modified compounds.展开更多
An ecological optimization project(semi-closed reclamation project)was implemented to control the invasion of Spartina alterniflora,and optimize the habitat of the Chongming Dongtan wetland,in the Changjiang(Yangtze)R...An ecological optimization project(semi-closed reclamation project)was implemented to control the invasion of Spartina alterniflora,and optimize the habitat of the Chongming Dongtan wetland,in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River Estuary.After project implementation,a macrobenthic ecological survey was conducted in a natural tidal flat and a semi-closed reclamation restoration area within the Chongming Dongtan wetland from 2019 to 2020.Compared with historical data before reclamation,findings showed that the groups,numbers,and species diversity of the macrobenthos increased significantly,and the ecological optimization project resulted in good ecological benefits.In addition,compared to the natural tidal flat,the number of collected macrobenthic phyla,and the macrobenthic density and biomass were significantly lower in the restoration area.Furthermore,the biodiversity index and functional redundancy of natural tidal flats were generally higher,indicating that the community composition and function of natural tidal flats were relatively more stable.Even though the species composition differed between a number of restoration areas and natural tidal flats,there was no difference in functional diversity,indicating that the effect of restoring ecological functions in restoration areas was optimal.Among them,the biodiversity and functional redundancy of Site S2 were significantly reduced,and the ecosystem function was extremely unstable.Habitat heterogeneity,vegetation community and decreasing salinity were the main factors that affected the ecological functions of macrobenthos.The ecological quality was also evaluated;the Transects N3 and N4 showed good quality.The overall ecological quality of the restoration area was generally high,but that of Site S2 was poor and that of Site S2E was merely good,which was mainly due to modifications of the ecological function of macrobenthos.It is suggested that reeds mowing and freshwater species release should be adopted in restoration areas to improve the community function and the environmental disturbance resistance of the macrobenthos.展开更多
Optical gain and loss of microcavity greatly affect the quality of lasing,how to improve optical gain and decrease optical loss is of great significance for the preparation of laser.In this study,four types standard m...Optical gain and loss of microcavity greatly affect the quality of lasing,how to improve optical gain and decrease optical loss is of great significance for the preparation of laser.In this study,four types standard microdisks with different thicknesses of 2.2μm,1.9μm,1.7μm,and 1.45μm were fabricated by micromachining technology process to modulate optical gain and loss of microdisk lasing.The whispering gallery mode lasing in the ultraviolet range of Ga N microdisk devices was investigated for these devices in order to clarify the effect of microdisk thickness on device characteristics.The quality factor Q and lasing mode number for different thicknesses are calculated from the stimulated spectra.The lifetimes of the exciton combination properties of the devices were observed using time-resolved PL spectroscopy.The lasing modes are modulated,and the lifetime decreases,while the Q factor of the devices first increases and then decreases with decreasing thickness.All these results are induced by optical gain and loss competition.展开更多
文摘Objective: To explore the practice and application of infection prevention and control strategies in risk departments during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to formulate the infection prevention and control measures to provide advice and guidance in risk departments. Methods: According to the latest plan of diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission, expert advice and consensus, combined with the actual situation in our hospital, a series of infection prevention and control measures of COVID-19 in risk department was formulated. Results: During the epidemic period, the prevention and control measures of nine risk departments including emergency operation, anesthesiology, endoscopy center, blood purification center, otolaryngology, stomatology, medical imaging department, medical cosmetology department and pulmonary function room were established from six aspects, including pre-examination and screening, medical technology control, personnel management, personal protection, environmental disinfection, medical waste disposal, etc. Conclusion: During the epidemic period, the infection prevention and control strategy of risk departments is one of the key links to control the spread of the epidemic, and risk departments must pay attention to and strictly implement various infection prevention and control measures.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12103057,12127901)the Frontier Research Fund of the Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(C21K002)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021378)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2031148)。
文摘The 2.5 m wide-field and high-resolution solar telescope(WeHoST)is currently under developing for solar observations.WeHoST aims to achieve high-resolution observations over a super-wide field of view(FOV)of5′×5′,and a desired resolution of 0.3″.To meet the scientific requirements of WeHoST,the ground-layer adaptive optics(GLAO)with a specially designed wave front sensing system is as the primary consideration.We introduce the GLAO configuration,particularly the wave front sensing scheme.Utilizing analytic method,we simulate the performance of both classical AO and GLAO systems,optimize the wave front sensing system,and evaluate GLAO performance in terms of PSF uniformity and correction improvement across whole FOV.The results indicate that,the classical AO will achieve diffraction-limited resolution;the suggested GLAO configuration will uniformly improve the seeing across the full 5′×5′FOV,reducing the FWHM across the axis FOV to less than0.3″(λ≥705 nm,r0≥11 cm),which is more than two times improvement.The specially designed wave front sensor schedule offers new potential for WeHoST’s GLAO,particularly the multi-FOV GLAO and the flexibility to select the detected area.These capabilities will significantly enhance the scientific output of the telescope.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2400300)Key R&D Program of Hubei Province of China(2020BAB088)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002277)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021GCRC001)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Reuter Foundation(2021A1515011748).
文摘The recycling of graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is overlooked due to its relatively low added value and the lack of efficient recovering methods.To reuse the spent graphite anodes,we need to eliminate their useless components(mainly the degraded solid electrolyte interphase,SEI)and reconstruct their damaged structure.Herein,a facile and efficient strategy is proposed to recycle the spent graphite on the basis of the careful investigation of the composition of the cycled graphite anodes and the rational design of the regeneration processes.The regenerated graphite,which is revitalized by calcination treatment and acid leaching,delivers superb rate performance and a high specific capacity of 370 mAh g^(-1)(~99% of its theoretical capacity)after 100 cycles at 0.1 C,superior to the commercial graphite anodes.The improved electrochemical performance could be attributed to unchoked Li^(+) transport channels and enhanced charge transfer reaction due to the effective destruction of the degraded SEI and the full recovery of the damaged structure of the spent graphite.This work clarifies that the electrochemical performance of the regenerated graphite could be deteriorated by even a trace amount of the residual“impurity”and provides a facile method for the efficient regeneration of graphite anodes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2023YFC3906103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61774169)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2022JJ30757)Guangdong Science and Technology Planning Project (2018B030323010)
文摘Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites(HOIPs)hold promise in the field of optoelectronics due to their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.However,the ion migration and hygroscopicity of these perovskite solar cells need to be addressed.Here,we presented semitransparent perovskite solar cells(ST-PSCs)using hole transport layer(HTL)combined with polyaniline(PANI)to stabilize HTL/perovskite interface,achieving a humidity durability(RH,50%-90%)for 596 days(14304 h)without encapsulation.Moreover,the decrease in hydrolysis products(LiF)showed the interaction between PANI with the addi-tives in HTL dramatically inhibited the water uptake and corrosion on MAPbI_(3),layer.The PANI modified samples had a higher I/Pb ratio and lower trap state density,which indicated the passivation effect of PANI on the uncoordinated Pb^(2+)and iodine vacancies.Subsequently,PANI successfully stabilized the interface and perovskite by inhibiting the formation of Pb^(0) and Au migration as long period storage.This work presented an interfacial design to develop HOiP in air with high humidity stability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22368014)the Guizhou Provincial S&T Project(ZK[2022]011,GCC[2023]011)+1 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institution Program(Qianjiaoji[2023]082)supported by RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program。
文摘Renewable electrocatalytic upgrading of biomass feedstocks into valuable chemicals is one of the promising strategies to relieve the pressure of traditional energy-based systems.Through electrocatalytic carbon–carbon bond cleavage of high selectivity,various functionalized molecules,such as organic acids,amides,esters,and nitriles,have great potential to be accessed from biomass.However,it has merely received finite concerns and interests in the biorefinery.This review first showcases the research progress on the electrocatalytic conversion of lipid/sugar-and lignin-derived molecules(e.g.,glycerol,mesoerythritol,xylose,glucose,1-phenylethanol,and cyclohexanol)into organic acids via specific carbon–carbon bond scission processes,with focus on disclosing reaction mechanisms,recognizing actual active species,and collecting feasible modification strategies.For the guidance of further extensive studies on biomass valorization,organic transformations via a variety of reactions,including decarboxylation,ring-opening,rearrangement,reductive hydrogenation,and carboxylation,are also disclosed for the construction of similar carbon skeletons/scaffolds.The remaining challenges,prospective applications,and future objectives in terms of biomass conversion are also proposed.This review is expected to provide references to develop renewed electrocatalytic carbon–carbon bond cleavage transformation paths/strategies for biomass upgrading.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61873277in part by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China underGrant 2020JQ-758in part by the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2020M673446.
文摘In the video captioning methods based on an encoder-decoder,limited visual features are extracted by an encoder,and a natural sentence of the video content is generated using a decoder.However,this kind ofmethod is dependent on a single video input source and few visual labels,and there is a problem with semantic alignment between video contents and generated natural sentences,which are not suitable for accurately comprehending and describing the video contents.To address this issue,this paper proposes a video captioning method by semantic topic-guided generation.First,a 3D convolutional neural network is utilized to extract the spatiotemporal features of videos during the encoding.Then,the semantic topics of video data are extracted using the visual labels retrieved from similar video data.In the decoding,a decoder is constructed by combining a novel Enhance-TopK sampling algorithm with a Generative Pre-trained Transformer-2 deep neural network,which decreases the influence of“deviation”in the semantic mapping process between videos and texts by jointly decoding a baseline and semantic topics of video contents.During this process,the designed Enhance-TopK sampling algorithm can alleviate a long-tail problem by dynamically adjusting the probability distribution of the predicted words.Finally,the experiments are conducted on two publicly used Microsoft Research Video Description andMicrosoft Research-Video to Text datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-art approaches.Specifically,the performance indicators Bilingual Evaluation Understudy,Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering,Recall Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation-longest common subsequence,and Consensus-based Image Description Evaluation of the proposed method are improved by 1.2%,0.1%,0.3%,and 2.4% on the Microsoft Research Video Description dataset,and 0.1%,1.0%,0.1%,and 2.8% on the Microsoft Research-Video to Text dataset,respectively,compared with the existing video captioning methods.As a result,the proposed method can generate video captioning that is more closely aligned with human natural language expression habits.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2902603)Shanghai Pujiang Program(2019PJD011)。
文摘Gas-produced water is an accompanying wastewater in the natural gas extraction process,and it is a potential liquid lithium resource that contains a considerable amount of lithium.This study investigated the feasibility of using manganese-based ion sieves to adsorb and extract lithium from gas-produced water.And we focused on the applicability of two different granulation methods,extrusion and droplet,in gas-produced water systems.Two types of H_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4) particles were prepared by the extrusion method(EHMO)and the droplet method(DHMO).The porosity of DHMO was much higher than that of EHMO,and the adsorption performance of DHMO increased with the decrease of binder concentration.DHMO prepared with a binder concentration of 0.14 g·ml^(-1)exhibited the best adsorption performance in gas-produced water,and the Li^(+)adsorption capacity could reach 25.14 mg·g^(-1).In gas-produced water,the adsorption equilibrium of DHMO only took 9 h,and the adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The pore diffusion model(PDM)could well describe its adsorption process.Besides,DHMO showed a great selectivity to Li^(+),and the selectivity order of DHMO in gas-produced water was Li^(+)>Ba^(2+)>>Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),Sr^(2+)>>Na^(+)>>K^(+).After 20 cycles,the Li^(+)adsorption capacity was still higher than 17.30 mg·g^(-1),and the rate of manganese dissolution was less than 1%.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12105097 and 12035005)the Science Research Fund of the Education Department of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.23B0480).
文摘Quantum Fisher information(QFI)associated with local metrology has been used to parameter estimation in open quantum systems.In this work,we calculated the QFI for a moving Unruh-DeWitt detector coupled with massless scalar fields in n-dimensional spacetime,and analyzed the behavior of QFI with various parameters,such as the dimension of spacetime,evolution time,and Unruh temperature.We discovered that the QFI of state parameter decreases monotonically from 1 to 0 over time.Additionally,we noted that the QFI for small evolution times is several orders of magnitude higher than the QFI for long evolution times.We also found that the value of QFI decreases at first and then stabilizes as the Unruh temperature increases.It was observed that the QFI depends on initial state parameterθ,and Fθis the maximum forθ=0 orθ=π,Fφis the maximum forθ=π/2.We also obtain that the maximum value of QFI for state parameters varies for different spacetime dimensions with the same evolution time.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.22JR5RN1054.
文摘BACKGROUND The role of physical activity in diabetes is critical,influencing this disease's development,man-agement,and overall outcomes.In China,22.3%of adults do not meet the minimum level of physical activity recommended by the World Health Organization.Therefore,it is imperative to identify the factors that contributing to lack of physical activity must be identified.AIM To investigate the relationship among delay discounting,delay aversion,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),and various levels of physical activity in Chinese adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS In 2023,400 adults with T2DM were recruited from the People's Hospital of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province.A face-to-face questionnaire was used to gather demographic data and details on physical activity,delay discounting,and delay aversion.In addition,HbA1c levels were measured in all 400 participants.The primary independent variables considered were delay discounting and delay aversion.The outcome variables included HbA1c levels and different intensity levels of physical activity,including walking,moderate physical activity,and vigorous physical activity.Multiple linear regression models were utilized to assess the relationship between delay discounting,delay aversion,and HbA1c levels,along with the intensity of different physical activity measured in met-hours per week.RESULTS After controlling for the sample characteristics,delay discounting was negatively associated with moderate physical activity(β=-2.386,95%CI:-4.370 to-0.401).Meanwhile,delay aversion was negatively associated with the level of moderate physical activity(β=-3.527,95%CI:-5.578 to-1.476)in the multiple linear regression model,with statistically significant differences.CONCLUSION Elevated delay discounting and increased delay aversion correlated with reduced levels of moderate physical activity.Result suggests that delay discounting and aversion may influence engagement in moderate physical activity.This study recommends that health administration and government consider delay discounting and delay aversion when formulating behavioral intervention strategies and treatment guidelines involving physical activity for patients with T2DM,which may increase participation in physical activity.This study contributes a novel perspective to the research on physical activity in adults with T2DM by examining the significance of future health considerations and the role of emotional responses to delays.
基金2023 Shaanxi Teacher Development Research Program“Research on the Construction and Improvement Path of a Teaching Engagement Model for Double-Qualified Teachers in Medical Colleges”(Project number:2023JSQ011)。
文摘This study draws on the classic theories and research achievements of university teacher development,and from the perspective of role conflict in social psychology,proposes policy recommendations for the development of clinical teachers in medical colleges,including following different stages of teacher development and designing teaching development strategies at different levels;designing the content and form of teaching development activities to meet the temporal and spatial needs of clinical teachers;and building an academic community for clinical teachers to promote the creation of teaching development behaviors.
基金2023 Shaanxi Teacher Development Research Program“Research on the Construction and Improvement Path of a Teaching Engagement Model for Double-Qualified Teachers in Medical Colleges”(Project number:2023JSQ011)。
文摘Taking role conflict as the starting point,this article examines and reflects on the development of clinical teachers.In the process of the occurrence,development,and resolution of role conflicts among clinical teachers,there are many hidden issues related to the development of clinical teachers.The development of clinical teacher teaching and role conflict management contain similar educational philosophies and practical issues.This study draws on classic theories and research achievements in the development of university teachers and conducts theoretical analysis and practical reflection on the development of clinical teachers in medical colleges from the perspective of role conflict in social psychology.Policy recommendations are proposed,including strengthening the construction of teaching systems at the hospital organizational environment level,enhancing the role identity and teacher beliefs of clinical teachers,promoting their teaching development and academic learning,and ensuring their normal teaching investment;promoting leadership support at the level of interpersonal interaction and leveraging the role of colleague support in alleviating role conflicts;enhancing individual teacher beliefs,teacher role learning,and role skills.
基金financially supported by the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund
文摘This study examined the effects of various levels of dietary nonphytate phosphorus on laying performance and the expression patterns of phosphorus metabolism related genes in Dwarf pink-shell Jaying hens. A total of 405 28-week-old Dwarf pink-shell laying hens were fed the same corn-soybean basal meals but containing 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35% or 0.40% nonphytate phosphorus. The results showed that feed intake, egg production, and average egg weights were quadratically correlated with dietary nonphytate phosphorus content (P 〈 0.05), and the highest egg production, feed intake and average egg weights were achieved when dietary nonphytate phosphorus was at 0.3% (P 〈 0.05). mRNA expression of intestinal sodium phosphorus co-transporter linearly decreased when dietary nonphytate phosphorus increased, mRNA and protein expression of intestinal calbindin and vitamin D receptor correlated quadratically with dietary nonphytate phosphorus, and the highest expression was found when dietary available phosphorus was at 0.2,5% to 0.3%. In conclusion, the ideal phosphorus requirement for Dwarf pink-shell layer hens is estimated to be 0.3% in a corn-soybean diet. With this level of phosphorus supplementation, calbindin and vitamin D receptor reached their highest expression.
文摘Background: A dandelion is a common plant with a global growth distribution that has been used as a medicinal and food with no adverse effects. Purpose: In this article, the products and effects of dandelions are reviewed to help further in-depth studies and develop more products derived from dandelions in the future. Method: The literature about dandelion in various databases such as Pubmed is searched. Results: Dandelions have many effects, such as virus inhibition, anti-tumor activity, nutritional value, anti-aging, potential as a vaccine and alleviation of heat stress. The mechanism underlying these effects is analyzed and it was found that dandelions were regulated by RNA or DNA. Conclusion: As a medicinal and food, dandelions are safe and have many effects. Many products derived from dandelions have been developed. The metabolic regulation is related with ribonucleic acid or possibly deoxynucleic acid. Further in-depth studies should be conducted on the regulation of dandelions through RNA or DNA. There will likely be more products derived from dandelions in the future.
文摘Acute liver failure is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. Currently, the research on Astragaloside IV in liver diseases primarily focuses on liver cancer, and there is limited understanding of its mechanism in acute liver failure’s innate immunity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential protective effect of Astragaloside IV on acute liver failure and its impact on innate immune cells. The study employed D-GalN/LPS-induced acute liver failure mouse models and employed various techniques such as a range of molecular and analytical techniques. The experimental results demonstrated that treatment with Astragaloside IV significantly reduced the inflammatory response, alleviated liver injury, and improved the survival rate of mice with acute liver failure induced by D-GalN/LPS. Further investigations revealed that AS-IV played a beneficial role by regulating the proportion of CD11b<sup>+</sup>Ly6C<sup>hi</sup> monocytes and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory metabolites. These findings suggest that the pharmacological mechanism of AS-IV may involve targeted regulation of CD11b<sup>+</sup>Ly6C<sup>hi</sup> monocytes in both peripheral blood and liver. The implications of this study’s results are twofold. Firstly, they provide a basis for the clinical application of AS-IV in treating liver failure, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Secondly, they serve as a reference for further development of safer and more effective modified compounds.
基金The Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird National Nature Reserve Resource Monitoring Project under contract No.CMDT-JC202101the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission under contract No.19ZR1436900。
文摘An ecological optimization project(semi-closed reclamation project)was implemented to control the invasion of Spartina alterniflora,and optimize the habitat of the Chongming Dongtan wetland,in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River Estuary.After project implementation,a macrobenthic ecological survey was conducted in a natural tidal flat and a semi-closed reclamation restoration area within the Chongming Dongtan wetland from 2019 to 2020.Compared with historical data before reclamation,findings showed that the groups,numbers,and species diversity of the macrobenthos increased significantly,and the ecological optimization project resulted in good ecological benefits.In addition,compared to the natural tidal flat,the number of collected macrobenthic phyla,and the macrobenthic density and biomass were significantly lower in the restoration area.Furthermore,the biodiversity index and functional redundancy of natural tidal flats were generally higher,indicating that the community composition and function of natural tidal flats were relatively more stable.Even though the species composition differed between a number of restoration areas and natural tidal flats,there was no difference in functional diversity,indicating that the effect of restoring ecological functions in restoration areas was optimal.Among them,the biodiversity and functional redundancy of Site S2 were significantly reduced,and the ecosystem function was extremely unstable.Habitat heterogeneity,vegetation community and decreasing salinity were the main factors that affected the ecological functions of macrobenthos.The ecological quality was also evaluated;the Transects N3 and N4 showed good quality.The overall ecological quality of the restoration area was generally high,but that of Site S2 was poor and that of Site S2E was merely good,which was mainly due to modifications of the ecological function of macrobenthos.It is suggested that reeds mowing and freshwater species release should be adopted in restoration areas to improve the community function and the environmental disturbance resistance of the macrobenthos.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications(Grant No.SKLA-2021-04)the Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Doctor Program(Grant No.30644)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20215093)the Research Start-up Fund(Grant Nos.NY219147 and NY220181)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.SJCX210267 and SJCX220279)。
文摘Optical gain and loss of microcavity greatly affect the quality of lasing,how to improve optical gain and decrease optical loss is of great significance for the preparation of laser.In this study,four types standard microdisks with different thicknesses of 2.2μm,1.9μm,1.7μm,and 1.45μm were fabricated by micromachining technology process to modulate optical gain and loss of microdisk lasing.The whispering gallery mode lasing in the ultraviolet range of Ga N microdisk devices was investigated for these devices in order to clarify the effect of microdisk thickness on device characteristics.The quality factor Q and lasing mode number for different thicknesses are calculated from the stimulated spectra.The lifetimes of the exciton combination properties of the devices were observed using time-resolved PL spectroscopy.The lasing modes are modulated,and the lifetime decreases,while the Q factor of the devices first increases and then decreases with decreasing thickness.All these results are induced by optical gain and loss competition.