To investigate the influence of salinity variations on the performance of activated sludge systems, treating domestic wastewater. Methods The completely mixed reactor was used and operated in a batch-wis...To investigate the influence of salinity variations on the performance of activated sludge systems, treating domestic wastewater. Methods The completely mixed reactor was used and operated in a batch-wise mode. The activated sludge taken from the Gaobeidian Wastewater Treatment Plant was used as a seeding sludge. Total organic carbon (TOC), oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and suspended solids (SS) were used as parameters to characterize the performance of the treatment systems. TOC was measured using a TOC-analyzer (TOC-5000, Japan). The OUR value was measured with a dissolved oxygen meter (YSI model-58). SS was measured gravimetrically. Results The TOC removal efficiency and the OUR value of activated sludge were not deteriorated when the NaCl shock concentration was less than 0.5 g/L. However, when the NaCl shock concentrations were up to 10g/L and 20 g/L, the OUR of activated sludge was reduced by 35% and TOC removal efficiency was dropped by 30%, compared with the control experiment without NaCl shock loading. Conclusion The effect of NaCl shock loading on the activated sludge wastewater treatment system is dependant upon the NaCl concentrations and the degree of influence can be inferred through the change of substrate utilization rate at different shock NaCl loadings.展开更多
Implantable rotary blood pump (IRBP) has been promoted to the stage of clinical trial. This paper introduces a unique IRBP without a.shaft. Instead of using thrombogenic pivots or power-drawing magnetic suspension, im...Implantable rotary blood pump (IRBP) has been promoted to the stage of clinical trial. This paper introduces a unique IRBP without a.shaft. Instead of using thrombogenic pivots or power-drawing magnetic suspension, impeller is supported hydrodynamically when rotating, by lubrication flows in the thin spaces between itself and the pump body. To this end, the flow is very difficult to be measured using usual laboratory equipments. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied as an important tool in the IRBP design and its validation procedure. Several CFD results such as pump performance improvement, unsteady hydraulic dynamic analysis, biocapability prediction, validation and verification (V&V), and flow visualization have been performed.展开更多
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 29637010 59978020 50325824).
文摘To investigate the influence of salinity variations on the performance of activated sludge systems, treating domestic wastewater. Methods The completely mixed reactor was used and operated in a batch-wise mode. The activated sludge taken from the Gaobeidian Wastewater Treatment Plant was used as a seeding sludge. Total organic carbon (TOC), oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and suspended solids (SS) were used as parameters to characterize the performance of the treatment systems. TOC was measured using a TOC-analyzer (TOC-5000, Japan). The OUR value was measured with a dissolved oxygen meter (YSI model-58). SS was measured gravimetrically. Results The TOC removal efficiency and the OUR value of activated sludge were not deteriorated when the NaCl shock concentration was less than 0.5 g/L. However, when the NaCl shock concentrations were up to 10g/L and 20 g/L, the OUR of activated sludge was reduced by 35% and TOC removal efficiency was dropped by 30%, compared with the control experiment without NaCl shock loading. Conclusion The effect of NaCl shock loading on the activated sludge wastewater treatment system is dependant upon the NaCl concentrations and the degree of influence can be inferred through the change of substrate utilization rate at different shock NaCl loadings.
文摘Implantable rotary blood pump (IRBP) has been promoted to the stage of clinical trial. This paper introduces a unique IRBP without a.shaft. Instead of using thrombogenic pivots or power-drawing magnetic suspension, impeller is supported hydrodynamically when rotating, by lubrication flows in the thin spaces between itself and the pump body. To this end, the flow is very difficult to be measured using usual laboratory equipments. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied as an important tool in the IRBP design and its validation procedure. Several CFD results such as pump performance improvement, unsteady hydraulic dynamic analysis, biocapability prediction, validation and verification (V&V), and flow visualization have been performed.
