Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods to convert lignin into fuels and chemicals.In the present study,pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS)was used to evaluate vapor phase product dist...Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods to convert lignin into fuels and chemicals.In the present study,pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS)was used to evaluate vapor phase product distribution of lignin fast pyrolysis.During the non-catalytic pyrolysis process,lignin was pyrolyzed at 400℃,500℃ and 600℃ respectively,finding that the highest yield of aromatic hydrocarbons was obtained at 600℃.Catalytic pyrolysis experiments were also conducted to investigate the effects of catalyst pore structure and acidity on the product distributions.Five different catalysts(HZSM-5,MCM-41,TiO_(2),ZrO_(2) and Mg(Al)O)were applied to lignin catalytic pyrolysis,and the catalytic performance was estimated by analyzing the pyrolytic products.The catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),BET,and NH3(CO_(2))temperature programmed desorption.Based on these characterizations,discussion was carried out to explain the formation of the produc distributions.Among the five catalysts,HZSM-5 exhibited the best performance on the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons.展开更多
Sulfur plays an important role in the generation and evolution of hydrocarbon from organic matter. Here, a pyrolysis experiment in closed system was performed on Maoming oil shales kerogen (Type Ⅰ), Maoming oil shale...Sulfur plays an important role in the generation and evolution of hydrocarbon from organic matter. Here, a pyrolysis experiment in closed system was performed on Maoming oil shales kerogen (Type Ⅰ), Maoming oil shales kerogen added with sulfur ether and Maoming oil shales kerogen added with sulphur. The results suggest that the existence of sulfur can result in: (i) higher yield of hydrocarbons generated from the kerogen; (ii) decrease of the temperature for the maximum generation of heavy hydrocarbons (the C15+ fraction) by 20℃; (iii) decrease of the temperature for the maximum generation of the aromatics fraction by 40℃, and (iv) acceleration of the aromatization process. The pyrolysates from kerogen added with sulfur are similar to the heating products of the sulfur-rich kerogen as reported in the literatures. It seems that the sulfur catalysis is also an important factor that can make the sulfur-rich kerogen generate low-mature oil at the earlier diagenesis stage, except for the weakness of the C-展开更多
Secondary variation of reservoir is a hot problem in petroleum geochemistry field. Several kinds of secondary variations have taken place after the formation of bituminous sandstones in the Tarim Basin including biode...Secondary variation of reservoir is a hot problem in petroleum geochemistry field. Several kinds of secondary variations have taken place after the formation of bituminous sandstones in the Tarim Basin including biodegra-dation, washing, dissipation and secondary thermal stress. Biodegraded bituminous sandstones were used in the experiment. Pyrolysis experiment has been performed in a closed system, simulating secondary thermal stress with continual burial of Silurian bituminous sandstones which may cause the changes in molecular compositions, carbon isotope and physical properties of bituminous sandstones. The results are as follows: (i) Gases are mainly product during the experiment and carbon isotope of gas is lighter. (ii) Yield of C6+ hydrocarbon is relative smaller, and yielded oil is mainly light oil. (iii) Chromatogram character of biodegraded oil-sand is similar to that of saturated hydrocarbon in extracts from present-day bituminous sandstones, (iv) Porosity of bituminous sandstones gradually展开更多
Results of thermoluminescence (TL) measurement of quartz sandstone before and after impact using a two-stage light gas gun pressure apparatus indicate that, the TL of quartz sandstone decreases as the impact pressure ...Results of thermoluminescence (TL) measurement of quartz sandstone before and after impact using a two-stage light gas gun pressure apparatus indicate that, the TL of quartz sandstone decreases as the impact pressure increases, there exists a TL gradient from the outside to the inside around the impacted area, and the induced TL at the same location also has a TL gradient. Impact experiments were conducted under pressures of 12.4, 28.9, 37.8, 51.8, 64.6 and 77.6 GPa, respectively, and fission track density and fission track length before and after the impact were measured. Results demonstrate that the fission track density is decreased and the fission track length is shortened as the impact pressure is increased.展开更多
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(51536009)NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China)project(51476175)+1 种基金National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB228105)Chinese Academy of Sciences“one hundred talented plan”,and Beijing Municipal Key Discipline of Biomass Engineering.
文摘Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods to convert lignin into fuels and chemicals.In the present study,pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS)was used to evaluate vapor phase product distribution of lignin fast pyrolysis.During the non-catalytic pyrolysis process,lignin was pyrolyzed at 400℃,500℃ and 600℃ respectively,finding that the highest yield of aromatic hydrocarbons was obtained at 600℃.Catalytic pyrolysis experiments were also conducted to investigate the effects of catalyst pore structure and acidity on the product distributions.Five different catalysts(HZSM-5,MCM-41,TiO_(2),ZrO_(2) and Mg(Al)O)were applied to lignin catalytic pyrolysis,and the catalytic performance was estimated by analyzing the pyrolytic products.The catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),BET,and NH3(CO_(2))temperature programmed desorption.Based on these characterizations,discussion was carried out to explain the formation of the produc distributions.Among the five catalysts,HZSM-5 exhibited the best performance on the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons.
文摘Sulfur plays an important role in the generation and evolution of hydrocarbon from organic matter. Here, a pyrolysis experiment in closed system was performed on Maoming oil shales kerogen (Type Ⅰ), Maoming oil shales kerogen added with sulfur ether and Maoming oil shales kerogen added with sulphur. The results suggest that the existence of sulfur can result in: (i) higher yield of hydrocarbons generated from the kerogen; (ii) decrease of the temperature for the maximum generation of heavy hydrocarbons (the C15+ fraction) by 20℃; (iii) decrease of the temperature for the maximum generation of the aromatics fraction by 40℃, and (iv) acceleration of the aromatization process. The pyrolysates from kerogen added with sulfur are similar to the heating products of the sulfur-rich kerogen as reported in the literatures. It seems that the sulfur catalysis is also an important factor that can make the sulfur-rich kerogen generate low-mature oil at the earlier diagenesis stage, except for the weakness of the C-
文摘Secondary variation of reservoir is a hot problem in petroleum geochemistry field. Several kinds of secondary variations have taken place after the formation of bituminous sandstones in the Tarim Basin including biodegra-dation, washing, dissipation and secondary thermal stress. Biodegraded bituminous sandstones were used in the experiment. Pyrolysis experiment has been performed in a closed system, simulating secondary thermal stress with continual burial of Silurian bituminous sandstones which may cause the changes in molecular compositions, carbon isotope and physical properties of bituminous sandstones. The results are as follows: (i) Gases are mainly product during the experiment and carbon isotope of gas is lighter. (ii) Yield of C6+ hydrocarbon is relative smaller, and yielded oil is mainly light oil. (iii) Chromatogram character of biodegraded oil-sand is similar to that of saturated hydrocarbon in extracts from present-day bituminous sandstones, (iv) Porosity of bituminous sandstones gradually
文摘Results of thermoluminescence (TL) measurement of quartz sandstone before and after impact using a two-stage light gas gun pressure apparatus indicate that, the TL of quartz sandstone decreases as the impact pressure increases, there exists a TL gradient from the outside to the inside around the impacted area, and the induced TL at the same location also has a TL gradient. Impact experiments were conducted under pressures of 12.4, 28.9, 37.8, 51.8, 64.6 and 77.6 GPa, respectively, and fission track density and fission track length before and after the impact were measured. Results demonstrate that the fission track density is decreased and the fission track length is shortened as the impact pressure is increased.
