本文针对东北典型煤矿区土壤、植物、水中主要重金属元素的时空分布特征,进行了环境分析和污染评价。共采集38个地表(0~20 cm)样品、28个水样品和28个植物样品,分别采用空间分析、地质累积指数(Geo-accumulation)、重金属潜在生态风险(P...本文针对东北典型煤矿区土壤、植物、水中主要重金属元素的时空分布特征,进行了环境分析和污染评价。共采集38个地表(0~20 cm)样品、28个水样品和28个植物样品,分别采用空间分析、地质累积指数(Geo-accumulation)、重金属潜在生态风险(Potential risk assessment of heavy metal)、单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、生物浓度因子(BCF)等方法,对各类样品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn元素进行了环境分析评价。结果表明,与背景值相比,土壤、地表水中的Zn、Cr,以及植物中的Zn均有累积。I_(geo)污染指数显示,大多数土壤样品程轻度污染,Cd元素达到中度污染,重金属潜在生态风险显示土壤为中等生态危害。大多数地表水样品无污染,少量呈Cr污染,整体符合国家III类标准(GB3838-2002);植物中蒿、落叶松对Cd、Zn元素有较强富集作用。人类活动是重金属来源的主要因素,与煤有关的工业活动、污水灌溉、农用化学品的应用和车辆排放可能是重金属的重要人为来源。展开更多
Molecular dynamics method is applied to study the machining mechanisms of polishing based on coupling vibrations of liquid. The physical phenomena of abrasive particles bombarding on silicon monocrystal surface are si...Molecular dynamics method is applied to study the machining mechanisms of polishing based on coupling vibrations of liquid. The physical phenomena of abrasive particles bombarding on silicon monocrystal surface are simulated using Tersoff potentials. The effects of vibration parameters, particle size, incident angle and particle material are analyzed and discussed. Material removal mechanisms are studied. Deformation and embedment phenomena are found in the simulations, Bombardment will destroy the crystal structures near the impact point, and adhesion effect is responsible for final removal of material.展开更多
文摘本文针对东北典型煤矿区土壤、植物、水中主要重金属元素的时空分布特征,进行了环境分析和污染评价。共采集38个地表(0~20 cm)样品、28个水样品和28个植物样品,分别采用空间分析、地质累积指数(Geo-accumulation)、重金属潜在生态风险(Potential risk assessment of heavy metal)、单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、生物浓度因子(BCF)等方法,对各类样品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn元素进行了环境分析评价。结果表明,与背景值相比,土壤、地表水中的Zn、Cr,以及植物中的Zn均有累积。I_(geo)污染指数显示,大多数土壤样品程轻度污染,Cd元素达到中度污染,重金属潜在生态风险显示土壤为中等生态危害。大多数地表水样品无污染,少量呈Cr污染,整体符合国家III类标准(GB3838-2002);植物中蒿、落叶松对Cd、Zn元素有较强富集作用。人类活动是重金属来源的主要因素,与煤有关的工业活动、污水灌溉、农用化学品的应用和车辆排放可能是重金属的重要人为来源。
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50375029)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(No.4009486).
文摘Molecular dynamics method is applied to study the machining mechanisms of polishing based on coupling vibrations of liquid. The physical phenomena of abrasive particles bombarding on silicon monocrystal surface are simulated using Tersoff potentials. The effects of vibration parameters, particle size, incident angle and particle material are analyzed and discussed. Material removal mechanisms are studied. Deformation and embedment phenomena are found in the simulations, Bombardment will destroy the crystal structures near the impact point, and adhesion effect is responsible for final removal of material.
