It has been a focus to reduce the energy consumption and improve the space heating performance of high-altitude buildings in winter seasons. In view of the abundant solar energy resources of the high-altitude region, ...It has been a focus to reduce the energy consumption and improve the space heating performance of high-altitude buildings in winter seasons. In view of the abundant solar energy resources of the high-altitude region, the establishment of passive solar houses should be an effective strategy to deal with the problem of thermal comfort. Both window to wall ratio(WWR) and sunspace depth are of vital importance to determine the thermal comfort level of passive solar houses, while there are limited studies on analyzing their impacts on passive solar houses in high-altitude regions. Therefore, this study is designed to examine how WWR and sunspace depth affect space heating of passive solar houses in the Qinghai-Tibetan region. To be specific, the hourly radiation temperature variations and percentages of dissatisfaction of the residential building with different sunspace depth/WWR(including 0.9 m/33%, 0.9 m/45%, 0.9 m/60%, 1.2 m/33% and 1.5 m/33%) were quantitatively examined. Results indicated that under the condition of 0.9 m/45%, the overall average radiation temperature of the building was approximately 16°C during the entire heating season, which could better satisfy the heating requirements. Meanwhile, the average temperature was higher, and the thermal comfort level was better under the ratio of 45% or the depth of 1.5 m, when only an individual factor in either ratio or depth was considered. These findings can provide references for the determination of dimensions of passive solar houses in high-altitude regions.展开更多
An improved Trombe wall is proposed to adapt to building construction with selective thermo-insula-tion faades (internal and cavity wall insulation, but not external wall insulation system). The case study is conducte...An improved Trombe wall is proposed to adapt to building construction with selective thermo-insula-tion faades (internal and cavity wall insulation, but not external wall insulation system). The case study is conducted in Xining, Capital city of Qinghai province in China, where the general building faades are mostly selective thermo-insulation faades to fight against the severe cold. A numerical analysis is undertaken to show the effects on the improvement of the building's thermal environment by comparing the improved Trombe wall system with the classical Trombe wall system. The operating efficiency of the improved Trombe wall can be up to 33.85%, an increase of 56%. The results show that the improved Trombe wall works more effectively than the classical Trombe wall system in utilizing solar energy for the sample building.展开更多
A new iron(III)porphyrin acrylate-styrene copo-lymer,P[(PorFe)A-S],was synthesized by the reaction of iron(III)porphyrin acrylate with styrene and characterized by UV-Vis,Infrared spectra(IR),inductively coupled plasm...A new iron(III)porphyrin acrylate-styrene copo-lymer,P[(PorFe)A-S],was synthesized by the reaction of iron(III)porphyrin acrylate with styrene and characterized by UV-Vis,Infrared spectra(IR),inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP)and molecular weight determination.Its catalytic activity in the hydroxylation of cyclohexane for model cytochrome P450 in the P[(PorFe)A-S]-O_(2)–ascrobate-thiosalicylic acid system has been studied.It was found that the P[(PorFe)A-S]has a higher catalytic activity than non-supported iron(III)porphyrin and its high catalytic activity remained in reuse.The catalytic activity of P[(PorFe)A-S]was discussed in the view of the microenvi-ronment of iron(III)porphyrin.It is proposed that the cata-lytic activity of the P[(PorFe)A-S]may be further enhanced by construction of a homophase catalytic system containing the iron(III)porphyrin acrylate-styrene copolymer.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China-Technical System and Key Technology Development of Nearly Zero Energy Building (No. 2017YFC0702600)the opening Funds of State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment National Engineering Research Center of Building Technology (BSBE2017-08)+1 种基金the Major Basic Research Development and Transformation Program of Qinghai province (No. 2016-NN-141 )the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2018MS103, 2018MS108 and 2017MS119 )
文摘It has been a focus to reduce the energy consumption and improve the space heating performance of high-altitude buildings in winter seasons. In view of the abundant solar energy resources of the high-altitude region, the establishment of passive solar houses should be an effective strategy to deal with the problem of thermal comfort. Both window to wall ratio(WWR) and sunspace depth are of vital importance to determine the thermal comfort level of passive solar houses, while there are limited studies on analyzing their impacts on passive solar houses in high-altitude regions. Therefore, this study is designed to examine how WWR and sunspace depth affect space heating of passive solar houses in the Qinghai-Tibetan region. To be specific, the hourly radiation temperature variations and percentages of dissatisfaction of the residential building with different sunspace depth/WWR(including 0.9 m/33%, 0.9 m/45%, 0.9 m/60%, 1.2 m/33% and 1.5 m/33%) were quantitatively examined. Results indicated that under the condition of 0.9 m/45%, the overall average radiation temperature of the building was approximately 16°C during the entire heating season, which could better satisfy the heating requirements. Meanwhile, the average temperature was higher, and the thermal comfort level was better under the ratio of 45% or the depth of 1.5 m, when only an individual factor in either ratio or depth was considered. These findings can provide references for the determination of dimensions of passive solar houses in high-altitude regions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50876098)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA05Z412)
文摘An improved Trombe wall is proposed to adapt to building construction with selective thermo-insula-tion faades (internal and cavity wall insulation, but not external wall insulation system). The case study is conducted in Xining, Capital city of Qinghai province in China, where the general building faades are mostly selective thermo-insulation faades to fight against the severe cold. A numerical analysis is undertaken to show the effects on the improvement of the building's thermal environment by comparing the improved Trombe wall system with the classical Trombe wall system. The operating efficiency of the improved Trombe wall can be up to 33.85%, an increase of 56%. The results show that the improved Trombe wall works more effectively than the classical Trombe wall system in utilizing solar energy for the sample building.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.29771034)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(Grant No.970152).
文摘A new iron(III)porphyrin acrylate-styrene copo-lymer,P[(PorFe)A-S],was synthesized by the reaction of iron(III)porphyrin acrylate with styrene and characterized by UV-Vis,Infrared spectra(IR),inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP)and molecular weight determination.Its catalytic activity in the hydroxylation of cyclohexane for model cytochrome P450 in the P[(PorFe)A-S]-O_(2)–ascrobate-thiosalicylic acid system has been studied.It was found that the P[(PorFe)A-S]has a higher catalytic activity than non-supported iron(III)porphyrin and its high catalytic activity remained in reuse.The catalytic activity of P[(PorFe)A-S]was discussed in the view of the microenvi-ronment of iron(III)porphyrin.It is proposed that the cata-lytic activity of the P[(PorFe)A-S]may be further enhanced by construction of a homophase catalytic system containing the iron(III)porphyrin acrylate-styrene copolymer.
