休闲体育行为承诺及其决定因素的研究

运动承诺理论最初构建于竞技运动领域,尽管已有国内学者用其考察个体的休闲体育行为,但尚缺少探索休闲体育行为承诺决定因素的研究。在已有文献的基础上,结合访谈制定调查问卷,先后对409人、649人进行问卷调查,所收集的数据用SPSS22.0和AMOS17.0进行分析,得出休闲体育行为承诺的5个决定因素包括:参与动机、个人投入、参与选择、参与机会、社会支持;进一步的统计分析表明:参与动机、个人投入、参与机会与行为承诺有正相关关系,参与选择与行为承诺有负相关关系。研究结果拓宽了休闲体育行为的研究思路,为后续的休闲体育行为承诺研究提供依据。

β-环糊精强化微生物修复石油烃污染土壤的试验研究

石油烃污染物的生物可利用性是土壤微生物修复的限制因素,为了提高污染物的生物可利用性和降解效率,引入环境友好的β-环糊精作为污染物增溶剂,并与表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作对比。结果表明,当β-环糊精的投加浓度为其在水中饱和溶解度的90%、SDS的投加浓度为其临界胶束浓度时,β-环糊精和SDS对土壤中石油烃污染物的增溶效果达到最大,分别为84.42%和89.63%。虽然两者都具有相近的增溶效果,但SDS具有一定的生物毒性,抑制了微生物的生长及其对石油烃污染物的降解,而β-环糊精可以促进微生物生长并有效提高微生物对污染物的去除效率。投加β-环糊精的微生物修复组在15 d内的降解率达到19.5%,比单独微生物修复组的降解率提高了70%以上。

Soil nitrogen transformations varied with plant community under Nanchang urban forests in mid-subtropical zone of China

Soil N transformations using the polyvinyl chloride （PVC） closed-top tube in situ incubation method were studied in Nanchang urban forests of the mid-subtropical region of China in different months of 2007. Four plots of 20 m × 20 m were established in four different plant communities that represented typical successional stages of forest development including shrubs, coniferous forest, mixed forest and broad- leaved forest. Average concentrations of soil NH4^＋-N from January to December were not different among the four plant communities. The concentrations of soil NO3^--N and mineral N, and the annual rotes of ammonification, nitrification and net N-mineralization under the early successional shrub community and coniferous forest were generally lower than that of the late successional mixed and broad-leaved forests （p〈0.05）. Similar differences among the plant communities were also shown in the relative nitrification index （NH4^＋-N/NO3^--N） and relative nitrification intensity （nitrification rate/net N-mineralization rate）. The annual net N-mineralization rate was increased from younger to older plant communities, from 15.1 and 41.4 kg.ha^-1.a^-1 under the shrubs and coniferous forest communities to 98.0 and 112.9 kg.ha^-1.a^-1 under the mixed and broad-leaved forests, respectively. Moreover, the high annual nitrification rates （50-70 kg.ha^-1.a^-1） and its end product, NO3-N （2.4-3.8 mg·kg^-1）, under older plant communities could increase the potential risk of N loss. Additionally, the temporal patterns of the different soil N variables mentioned above varied with different plant community due to the combined affects of natural biological processes associated with forest maturation and urbanization. Our results indicated that urban forests are moving towards a state of＂N saturation＂ （extremely niUification rate and NO3^--N content） as they mature.

楼房养猪废水处理工程实例及分析

采用预处理/C-UASB/两级AO/化学沉淀/Fenton工艺处理楼房养猪废水,其中Fenton处理单元在土地消纳能力有限的情况下启用,处理规模为360 m^(3)/d。运行结果表明,在设计条件下,预处理/C-UASB/两级AO/化学沉淀工艺运行稳定,出水SS为84.1 mg/L,COD为126.7 mg/L,BOD_(5)为33.7 mg/L,NH_(3)-N为16.3 mg/L,TN为34.9 mg/L,TP为4.1 mg/L,达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(二次征求意见稿)。Fenton处理工艺调试启用后,出水SS为27.4 mg/L,COD为52.5 mg/L,BOD_(5)为15.1 mg/L,NH_(3)-N为4.9 mg/L,TN为14.6 mg/L,TP为2.1 mg/L,达到上海市《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(DB 31/1098—2018)表3中的直接排放标准。