背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采...背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采用概况性评价的方法,对初级卫生保健人员与专科医务人员协作模式相关研究特征、协作模式内容、作者报告的协作模式效果进行系统梳理。方法于2022-09-03,系统检索PubMed、EmBase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台中与初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作相关的文献,检索时限设定为建库至检索当日。提取纳入文献的基本特征、协作模式特征及效果。基于Mulave齿轮模型对团队协作模式进行元素分解,结合内容分析法对文献中的协作模式内容进行整合和展示。结果最终纳入与主题相关的文献420篇,其中214篇(51.0%)的研究目的为评价协作模式效果,但仅82篇(19.5%)能够提取出具体的协作方式内容。提取有限的协作模式细节信息发现,初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式的突出特点是共同工作方式明确且正规、协作服务内容有循证指南/规范支持、在两类人员协作中有信息系统和专职协调人员的支持。82篇文献中,54篇(65.9%)文献报告了明确的效果指标,其中90.7%(49/54)的结论为协作对服务提供过程、服务利用和健康结果相关指标的改善有影响,但较高比例(90.7%,49/54)的研究报告正面效果不能排除发表偏倚的存在。结论整合型服务使用初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式时,需要确保两类人员合作方式、工作内容的明确化,同时注重信息和协调人员的支持作用;卫生体系与政策相关干预研究应重视对干预设计细节和执行过程的描述,未来有必要对该主题研究开展方法学质量评价和Meta分析。展开更多
Six novel hydrolytically degradable polyesters were synthesized from thiodipropionic acid(TDPA)and five diols by melt polycondensation,and characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR,gel permeation chromatography,differential scann...Six novel hydrolytically degradable polyesters were synthesized from thiodipropionic acid(TDPA)and five diols by melt polycondensation,and characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR,gel permeation chromatography,differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis.The polystyrene-equivalent number-average(Mn)and weight-average molecular weight(Mw)of these polyesters ranged from 4900-11100 Da and 7900-20879 Da,respectively,with PDI values of 1.48-1.98.The melting point varied from 62.3-127.9℃,and the 50%mass-loss temperature ranged between 387-417℃.The degradation of these polyesters was studied in terms of relative weight loss in distilled water at different pH.Weight losses of 14%-26%were obtained at pH 7.0,26%-38%at pH 6.0,and 32%-43%at pH 8.3 over a 20-week period.The ecotoxicity study suggested that safety of the synthesized polyesters for the eisenia foetida.These results indicate that these polyesters have a combination of good thermal and degradability behaviors,which can be tailored through selection of the diol monomers used in the synthesis.展开更多
Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified ...Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified as PEOT-x,where x is the mole fraction of furandicarboxylic acid in the samples,were synthesized by direct esterification.The molecular structure of the copolyesters was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.Gel permeation chromatography (GPC),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the molecular weight,molar mass dispersity,glass transition temperature,and thermal stability of the copolyesters,respectively.The mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated.The number-average molecular weight (M_(n)) of the samples varies from 9 700-18 800 g/mol,and molar mass dispersity (■=M_(w)/M_(n)) from 2.15-3.34.The initial decomposition temperature of the copolyesters is in the 332-356 ℃ range,with maximum decomposition rates at 390-410 ℃,while the glass transition temperature (Tg) varies from 0-33 ℃.Mechanical test shows that PEOT-10 has the highest tensile strength,while PEOT-90 has the largest tensile modulus and elongation at break.The experimental results show that these copolyesters can be synthesized with relatively high molecular weights,good thermal stability,and fair mechanical properties,which makes them excellent replacements for commercial polyesters,such as PET,and these properties can be tuned through the relative amounts of biomass monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid used in the reactions.展开更多
文摘背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采用概况性评价的方法,对初级卫生保健人员与专科医务人员协作模式相关研究特征、协作模式内容、作者报告的协作模式效果进行系统梳理。方法于2022-09-03,系统检索PubMed、EmBase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台中与初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作相关的文献,检索时限设定为建库至检索当日。提取纳入文献的基本特征、协作模式特征及效果。基于Mulave齿轮模型对团队协作模式进行元素分解,结合内容分析法对文献中的协作模式内容进行整合和展示。结果最终纳入与主题相关的文献420篇,其中214篇(51.0%)的研究目的为评价协作模式效果,但仅82篇(19.5%)能够提取出具体的协作方式内容。提取有限的协作模式细节信息发现,初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式的突出特点是共同工作方式明确且正规、协作服务内容有循证指南/规范支持、在两类人员协作中有信息系统和专职协调人员的支持。82篇文献中,54篇(65.9%)文献报告了明确的效果指标,其中90.7%(49/54)的结论为协作对服务提供过程、服务利用和健康结果相关指标的改善有影响,但较高比例(90.7%,49/54)的研究报告正面效果不能排除发表偏倚的存在。结论整合型服务使用初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式时,需要确保两类人员合作方式、工作内容的明确化,同时注重信息和协调人员的支持作用;卫生体系与政策相关干预研究应重视对干预设计细节和执行过程的描述,未来有必要对该主题研究开展方法学质量评价和Meta分析。
基金Funded by the Program (BG20190227001)of High-end Foreign Experts of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)the Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key Laboratory at Wuhan University of Science and Technology (WKDM202005)。
文摘Six novel hydrolytically degradable polyesters were synthesized from thiodipropionic acid(TDPA)and five diols by melt polycondensation,and characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR,gel permeation chromatography,differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis.The polystyrene-equivalent number-average(Mn)and weight-average molecular weight(Mw)of these polyesters ranged from 4900-11100 Da and 7900-20879 Da,respectively,with PDI values of 1.48-1.98.The melting point varied from 62.3-127.9℃,and the 50%mass-loss temperature ranged between 387-417℃.The degradation of these polyesters was studied in terms of relative weight loss in distilled water at different pH.Weight losses of 14%-26%were obtained at pH 7.0,26%-38%at pH 6.0,and 32%-43%at pH 8.3 over a 20-week period.The ecotoxicity study suggested that safety of the synthesized polyesters for the eisenia foetida.These results indicate that these polyesters have a combination of good thermal and degradability behaviors,which can be tailored through selection of the diol monomers used in the synthesis.
基金Funded by the Program (BG20190227001) of High-end Foreign Experts of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)the 2021 Innovative Training Program for College Students in Hubei Province。
文摘Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified as PEOT-x,where x is the mole fraction of furandicarboxylic acid in the samples,were synthesized by direct esterification.The molecular structure of the copolyesters was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.Gel permeation chromatography (GPC),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the molecular weight,molar mass dispersity,glass transition temperature,and thermal stability of the copolyesters,respectively.The mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated.The number-average molecular weight (M_(n)) of the samples varies from 9 700-18 800 g/mol,and molar mass dispersity (■=M_(w)/M_(n)) from 2.15-3.34.The initial decomposition temperature of the copolyesters is in the 332-356 ℃ range,with maximum decomposition rates at 390-410 ℃,while the glass transition temperature (Tg) varies from 0-33 ℃.Mechanical test shows that PEOT-10 has the highest tensile strength,while PEOT-90 has the largest tensile modulus and elongation at break.The experimental results show that these copolyesters can be synthesized with relatively high molecular weights,good thermal stability,and fair mechanical properties,which makes them excellent replacements for commercial polyesters,such as PET,and these properties can be tuned through the relative amounts of biomass monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid used in the reactions.
