体育活动预测大学生性别角色发展的研究——基于昆明高校的数据

目的:针对“男性女性化”话题进行理论分析和调查研究,探讨体育活动与性别角色之间的关系。方法:对云南大学、昆明理工大学和云南师范大学的大学生发放《大学生性别角色量表》(CSRI—50)和体育活动调查表,回收有效问卷1 030份。通过交叉表卡方检验对体育活动的每次平均持续时间、周运动频率、运动强度等是否对性别角色的表现形式有统计学意义进行检验;然后将通过显著性检验的变量纳入无序多分类Logistic回归分析,以确定体育活动的各要素及其水平是否对性别角色的表现形式起到预测作用。结果:交叉表卡方检验结果显示,每次运动持续时间、运动频率和运动强度对性别角色的表现均具有统计学意义。Logistic回归结果显示,相对于未分化的性别角色,与每次运动持续时间小于30 min、每周1次的运动频率、无汗和微微出汗的运动强度相比,在男性化和女性化模型中,除了每周2~4次的运动频率对男性化具有正向提升之外,每次运动持续时间、运动强度、运动频率等均无统计学意义。在双性化模型中,大于60分钟的运动持续时间、更高的运动频率、出汗较多和大汗淋漓的运动强度对双性化具有统计学意义。结论:体育活动的每次持续时间、周运动频率、运动强度等都可能是影响性别角色发展的重要原因;每次1小时以上、高于每周1次的运动频率、出汗较多的运动强度,都是双性化性别角色的有效预测变量;可以通过体育参与的情况对大学生的性别角色进行初步的判别,或通过大学生的性别角色来初步判别其参与体育活动的可能性。

Effects of Biostimulation-Bioaugmentation on Coastal Microbial Community in an in situ Mesocosm System

Globally,various types of pollution affect coastal waters as a result of human activities.Bioaugmentation and biostimulation are effective methods for treating water pollution.However,few studies have explored the response of coastal prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities to bioaugmentation and biostimulation.Here,a 28-day outdoor mesocosm experiment with two treatments(bioaugmentation-A and combined treatment of bioaugmentation and biostimulation-AS)and a control(untreated-C)were carried out.The experiment was conducted in Meishan Bay to explore the composition,dynamics,and co-occurrence patterns of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities in response to the A and AS using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.After treatment,Gammaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria were significantly increased in group AS compared to group C,while Flavobacteriia and Saprospirae were significantly reduced.Dinoflagellata was significantly reduced in AS compared to C,while Chrysophyta was significantly reduced in both AS and A.Compared to C,the principal response curve analyses of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities both showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend for AS.Furthermore,the trends of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities in group A were similar to those in group AS compared with group C,but AS changed them more than A did.According to the species weight table on principal response curves,a significant increase was observed in beneficial bacteria in prokaryotic communities,such as Rhodobacterales and Oceanospirillales,along with a decrease in autotrophs in eukaryotic communities,such as Chrysophyta and Diatom.Topological properties of network analysis reveal that A and AS complicate the interactions between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities.Overall,these findings expand our understanding of the response pattern of the bioaugmentation and biostimulation on coastal prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities.

冻融作用下木质素改良碳酸盐渍土力学性能研究

为了探究对东北地区碳酸盐渍土在环保、经济的前提下进行改良的可行性,在碳酸盐渍土中掺和一定比例的木质素磺酸钙,进行改良寒区碳酸盐渍土力学性能的研究。分析碳酸盐渍土经木质素磺酸钙改良后的无侧限抗压强度与木质素磺酸钙的掺入量、冻融循环次数之间的关系,在试样含水率为16.1%的条件下,对木质素磺酸钙改良的碳酸盐渍土试样进行冻融循环试验和无侧限抗压强度试验。试验结果表明,木质素磺酸钙能够使碳酸盐渍土的无侧限抗压强度得到提高,其最佳单掺量在0.5%,能够提高碳酸盐渍土的抗冻性,其抗冻最佳单掺量在0.75%。

乌裕尔河流域水资源开发利用潜力研究

以寒区黑土地典型区乌裕尔河流域为例,通过选取水资源利用率、灌溉率、人均供水量、渠系水利用系数、供水量模数、开发利用程度等6个重要评价指标,利用模糊综合评价和层次分析法相结合对流域内黑河市、齐齐哈尔市、大庆市三个区域的水资源开发利用潜力进行定量分析。结果表明:乌裕尔河流域整体水资源开发利用潜力较大,其中黑河市水资源综合评分值最高,为0.7965,有很大开发潜力。齐齐哈尔市和大庆市综合评分值分别为0.6678、0.6764,均具有较大的开发潜力。

住院医师规范化培训中基于导师制的病历书写教学实践

目的:对基于导师制的病历书写教学进行探索和研究。方法:导师和规培医师使用评分表,对病历进行双评分,观察指标包括:两个版本评分表在评分时间方面的差异;导师和规培医生评分数值的差异;病历书写扣分分布;实施1年后病历评分的变化趋势。结果:评分数值导师明显低于规培医师( t=8.919, P<0.05);病历扣分主要在现病史、体格检查、诊断分析、诊疗计划等方面;实施1年后导师评分呈上升趋势,规培医师评分呈下降趋势。 结论:该方法有效提高了病历书写教学质量,提高了规培医师辨识病历书写中存在问题的能力。