以太湖西部3个中小流域为研究区,于2017年7月15日—20日,采集各流域内3种典型滨岸带表层(0—20 cm)土壤,测定土壤理化性质和反硝化潜力,探讨不同流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的差异和变化规律,并确定土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子.研究结...以太湖西部3个中小流域为研究区,于2017年7月15日—20日,采集各流域内3种典型滨岸带表层(0—20 cm)土壤,测定土壤理化性质和反硝化潜力,探讨不同流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的差异和变化规律,并确定土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子.研究结果表明,各流域土壤反硝化潜力存在明显差异,天目湖流域、合溪流域和苕溪流域土壤反硝化潜力分别为0.294±0.226 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1)、0.542±0.327 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1)和0.821±0.494 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1),总体表现为城镇化程度越高,土壤反硝化潜力越大.在相同流域内,林地滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力最大,其次为草地滨岸带和荒地滨岸带.相关分析结果表明,土壤反硝化潜力与土壤含水率、硝态氮含量、有机质含量和微生物碳含量都显著正相关(n=54,P<0.01).结合回归分析,表明土壤含水率、硝态氮含量和微生物量碳含量是苕溪流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子;土壤有机质含量和硝态氮含量分别是合溪和天目湖流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子.综上,滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力与人类活动强弱有密切联系,其主要影响因子在不同城镇化背景下的流域间也各不相同.展开更多
The species of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr in sediments of the Taihu Lake, China, have been analyzed using the sequential chemical extraction method. Variations in the chemical fractions of these metals and their geographic...The species of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr in sediments of the Taihu Lake, China, have been analyzed using the sequential chemical extraction method. Variations in the chemical fractions of these metals and their geographic distributions have also been studied. For all five metals, the residual fraction is highest but the exchangeable fraction is lowest among all the fractions. Compared to other metals, Cd has the highest percentage in the exchangeable fraction, and Cr is associated mainly with the residual fraction. Cu in the organic fraction and Pb in the Fe-Mn fraction are the important species, whereas the lowest percentages are found for Cd in the organic fraction, Cu in the Fe-Mn oxide fraction and Pb in the carbonate fraction. With respect to spatial differences, the total contents in the non-residual fractions of the metals in bay sediments are found to be higher than those in other sediments. The fractions of Cd, Cu and Cr showed significant variations in different regions. The fractions of Pb and Zn, however, did not show significant variations in spatial distribution, suggesting different amounts and different paths of anthropogenic input for the metals. Comparisons of the metal speciation indicated that Cd might be the most bioavailable metal, followed by Pb.展开更多
Suspended particulate matter samples were collected monthly for more than 2 years in Nanjing,China to examine seasonal changes in the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the lower Changjiang River(CR).The results indicate ...Suspended particulate matter samples were collected monthly for more than 2 years in Nanjing,China to examine seasonal changes in the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the lower Changjiang River(CR).The results indicate that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the samples ranges from 0.725352 to 0.738128,and the values ofεNd(0)ranges from-10.55 to-12.29.The Sr-Nd isotopic compositions show distinct seasonal variations.The samples had lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios and higherε Nd(0)values during the flood season than the dry seasons.The seasonal variations primarily reflect the controls of provenance rocks and erosion in different sub-catchments.The relative decrease in 87Sr/86Sr ratios and the increase inε Nd(0)values during the flood season may reflect an increasing in the mechanical erosion rate in the upper basin and the contribution of more sediment from the upper reaches.The end member values of 87Sr/86Sr andε Nd(0)of the samples were 0.728254 and?11.26,respectively.展开更多
文摘以太湖西部3个中小流域为研究区,于2017年7月15日—20日,采集各流域内3种典型滨岸带表层(0—20 cm)土壤,测定土壤理化性质和反硝化潜力,探讨不同流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的差异和变化规律,并确定土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子.研究结果表明,各流域土壤反硝化潜力存在明显差异,天目湖流域、合溪流域和苕溪流域土壤反硝化潜力分别为0.294±0.226 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1)、0.542±0.327 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1)和0.821±0.494 (μg N (N2O)·(g·h)-1),总体表现为城镇化程度越高,土壤反硝化潜力越大.在相同流域内,林地滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力最大,其次为草地滨岸带和荒地滨岸带.相关分析结果表明,土壤反硝化潜力与土壤含水率、硝态氮含量、有机质含量和微生物碳含量都显著正相关(n=54,P<0.01).结合回归分析,表明土壤含水率、硝态氮含量和微生物量碳含量是苕溪流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子;土壤有机质含量和硝态氮含量分别是合溪和天目湖流域滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力的主要影响因子.综上,滨岸带土壤反硝化潜力与人类活动强弱有密切联系,其主要影响因子在不同城镇化背景下的流域间也各不相同.
文摘The species of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr in sediments of the Taihu Lake, China, have been analyzed using the sequential chemical extraction method. Variations in the chemical fractions of these metals and their geographic distributions have also been studied. For all five metals, the residual fraction is highest but the exchangeable fraction is lowest among all the fractions. Compared to other metals, Cd has the highest percentage in the exchangeable fraction, and Cr is associated mainly with the residual fraction. Cu in the organic fraction and Pb in the Fe-Mn fraction are the important species, whereas the lowest percentages are found for Cd in the organic fraction, Cu in the Fe-Mn oxide fraction and Pb in the carbonate fraction. With respect to spatial differences, the total contents in the non-residual fractions of the metals in bay sediments are found to be higher than those in other sediments. The fractions of Cd, Cu and Cr showed significant variations in different regions. The fractions of Pb and Zn, however, did not show significant variations in spatial distribution, suggesting different amounts and different paths of anthropogenic input for the metals. Comparisons of the metal speciation indicated that Cd might be the most bioavailable metal, followed by Pb.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40625012,40830107,and 41021002)
文摘Suspended particulate matter samples were collected monthly for more than 2 years in Nanjing,China to examine seasonal changes in the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the lower Changjiang River(CR).The results indicate that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the samples ranges from 0.725352 to 0.738128,and the values ofεNd(0)ranges from-10.55 to-12.29.The Sr-Nd isotopic compositions show distinct seasonal variations.The samples had lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios and higherε Nd(0)values during the flood season than the dry seasons.The seasonal variations primarily reflect the controls of provenance rocks and erosion in different sub-catchments.The relative decrease in 87Sr/86Sr ratios and the increase inε Nd(0)values during the flood season may reflect an increasing in the mechanical erosion rate in the upper basin and the contribution of more sediment from the upper reaches.The end member values of 87Sr/86Sr andε Nd(0)of the samples were 0.728254 and?11.26,respectively.
