Distribution and role of calmodulin in tip growing hyphae of Saprolegnia ferax

Since direct staining of growing hyphae with trifluoperazine (TFP) could result in the migration of protoplasm in hyphae of water mold Saprolegnia feraX, an improved staining method for fixation of growing hyphae was developed. When hyphae of Saprolegnia ferax were pre-fixed with paraformaldehyde, the TFP fluorescence showed a clear tip-high Ca(2+)-activated calmodulin (CaM) gradient. By indirect immunohistochemical staining, we proved that total CaM also mainly concentrated in the apex of hyphae.It is noticeble that when the hyphal tip growth ceased, the high intensity of TFP fluorescence usually disappeared in non-growing tips and became evident in the newly emerged growing tips, which implied that the concentration of CaM shifted in concord with the transfer of growing point in hyphae. 2×10(-5) mol/L CaM inhibitor TFP could reduce the tip growth rate and the percentage of growing hyphal tips to about 50%, and induce multibranching of hyphal tips. These findings strongly suggest that the high concentration of calmodulin in the hyphal tip may be involved in regulation of hyphal tip growth.

安徽省老年人健康素养水平及影响因素分析

目的了解安徽省老年人的健康素养水平现状,探讨相关影响因素,为制定适宜于老年人的卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,对安徽省2255名60~69岁老年人的健康素养数据进行分析。结果2022年安徽省60~69岁老年人的健康素养水平为9.61%。三个方面的健康素养水平分别为基本知识和理念(17.72%)、健康生活方式与行为(11.95%)、基本技能(12.53%);六类健康问题素养水平中居前三位的依次为安全与急救素养(36.01%)、科学健康观素养(35.12%)、健康信息素养(24.47%)。不同文化程度、职业、健康自评状况的居民健康素养水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,文化程度是安徽省60~69岁老年人健康素养的主要影响因素。结论安徽省老年人的健康素养处于较低水平,健康生活方式与行为和传染病防治素养明显不足,文化程度是老年人健康素养水平的主要影响因素。