Investigation of the Petrological and Geochemical Characteristics of Siderite in the Early Cretaceous Sandstone of Lacustrine Sedimentary Sequence in the Erlian Basin from Northeastern China

Siderite is a prevalent authigenic mineral in siliciclastic rocks, which usually occurred in eodiagensis period and could be used as an indicator of sedimentary environment. Some siderite precipitated in burial depth with geochemical information of basin fluid evolution. The crystal morphology, geochemical composition, and isotope values are influenced by physical and geochemical environment of precipitation. In this study, samples from the Early Cretaceous of Erlian basin in the northwestern China were collected, and mineralogy, bulk and in-situ geochemistry, C and O isotopes were analyzed to comprehensively investigate the sedimentary and diagenetic environment that the sediments experienced. Six lithofaices with three types of crystal habits were recognized in the siderite-rich sandstone, bundle crystal in spherical forms, blocky rhombs in intergranular pore and cleavage of muscovite, and micro bundle and mosaic crystals aggregates in nodular. The siderite growth proceeds through micro bundle and mosaic crystals to bundle siderite aggregates and then into blocky rhombs. The crystal evolution is also reflected by geochemical composition. The micro bundle and mosaic crystals are Casiderite. The spheritic shaped bundle aggregates are Ca-Mn-siderite. The blocky rhomb siderite shows gray part and bight part with Ca, Mg and Mn varies. Increase of Ca in block rhomb siderite suggests burial and mesodiagenesis, the high content of Mn may have linkage with eogenetic effects. The relatively positive and slightly negative δ13C value indicates meteoric water domination and influence of organic matter evolution in shallow buried time. The narrow ranges negative δ18O value suggest a small span of temperature of siderite formation.

Targeting the chromatin structural changes of antitumor immunity

Epigenomic imbalance drives abnormal transcriptional processes,promoting the onset and progression of cancer.Although defective gene regulation generally affects carcinogenesis and tumor suppression networks,tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses may also be affected by epigenomic changes,which may have significant implications for the development and application of epigenetic therapy,cancer immunotherapy,and their combinations.Herein,we focus on the impact of epigenetic regulation on tumor immune cell function and the role of key abnormal epigenetic processes,DNA methylation,histone post-translational modification,and chromatin structure in tumor immunogenicity,and introduce these epigenetic research methods.We emphasize the value of small-molecule inhibitors of epigenetic modulators in enhancing antitumor immune responses and discuss the challenges of developing treatment plans that combine epigenetic therapy and immuno-therapy through the complex interaction between cancer epigenetics and cancer immunology.

金红石型纳米二氧化钛/聚二甲基硅氧烷复合改性制备多功能胶原海绵

胶原(COL)是一种来自于动物生物质的天然高分子材料,具有来源丰富、易加工、易修饰、可降解等优势。在胶原材料中,基于冻干处理而得的海绵具有天然多孔性,不仅为油相储存提供了充足的空间,还为功能微纳组分的固载提供了骨架网络。文中以胶原海绵为基底、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为疏水改性剂、金红石型二氧化钛纳米颗粒(TiO_(2))为光催化剂,制备出集疏水性、光催化效应及光响应抗菌性于一体的多功能复合胶原海绵TiO_(2)/PDMS-COL。使用场发射扫描电镜观察TiO_(2)/PDMS-COL的形貌,利用红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射和热重分析对TiO_(2)/PDMS-COL的结构进行了表征。结果证实,TiO_(2),PDMS与COL之间产生了复合作用。复合海绵对CHCl_(3)的吸附容量可达134 g/g;循环使用20次后接触角下降较少。复合海绵对乳液也展现出良好的分离能力。模拟太阳光照射下,80min内复合海绵对罗丹明B的降解率达88%,且3次光照循环使用后其催化降解性能未发生明显下降。此外,光照下TiO_(2)产生的活性氧使复合海绵具备优异的光响应抗菌性,其对大肠杆菌与金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达90%以上。

Tensile Properties and Wear Resistance of Mg Alloy Containing High Si as Implant Materials

Magnesium alloy has been considered as one of the third-generation biomaterials for the regeneration and support of functional bone tissue.As a regeneration implant material with great potential applications,in-situ Mg_(2)Si phase reinforced Mg-6Zn cast alloy was comprehensively studied and expected to possess excellent mechanical properties via the refining and modifying of Mg_(2)Si reinforcements.The present study demonstrates that the primary and eutectic Mg_(2)Si phase can be greatly modified by the yttrium(Y)addition.The size of the primary Mg_(2)Si phases can be reduced to~20μm with an addition of 0.5 wt.%Y.This phenomenon is mainly attributed to the poisoning effect of the Y element.Moreover,wear resistance and tensile properties of the ternary alloy have also been improved by the Y addition.Mg-6Zn-4Si-0.5Y alloy exhibits optimal tensile properties and wears resistance.The ultimate tensile strength and the elongation of the alloy with 0.5 wt.%Y are 50%and 65%higher than those of the ternary alloy,respectively.Excessive Y addition(1.0 wt.%)deteriorates the tensile properties of Mg-Zn-Si alloy.The improvement of the tensile properties is mainly due to the modification of primary and eutectic Mg_(2)Si phases as well as the solid solution strengthening of the Y atoms.This study provides a certain implication for the application of Mg-Zn-Si alloys containing Y elements as regeneration implants.

金属卟啉修饰的多孔聚苯胺基氧还原电催化剂

碳基非金属氧还原(ORR)电催化剂的研究近年来发展迅速,通过掺入杂原子等方法虽获得了一定的ORR活性,但仍需进一步提高。以此类电催化剂为基体,引入更多的活性位点,有可能获得更好的ORR活性。本文首先以带负电荷的SiO_(2)纳米球通过静电作用吸附带正电荷的质子化苯胺分子,再通过聚合反应实现聚苯胺(PANI)对SiO_(2)纳米球的包覆,之后将四甲氧基苯基铁卟啉(FeP)沉积在PANI表面,经高温热解,并去除SiO_(2)模板,得到了一种新型的多孔ORR电催化剂。在0.1 mol·L^(−1) KOH水溶液中,电催化剂的ORR半波电位达0.843 V(vs.可逆氢电极(RHE)),优于文献报道的大部分碳基非金属ORR电催化剂,与商业Pt/C相近。显著提高的ORR活性可能源于孔结构(平均孔径18 nm,孔容1.1 cm^(3)·g^(−1))、高比表面积(687.5 m^(2)·g^(−1))和高氮含量(6.4%)。在加速耐久性测试中,电催化剂的ORR半波电位衰减25 mV,与其它碳基非金属ORR电催化剂相当,且远优于商业Pt/C(衰减74 mV)。另外,电催化剂应用于氢氧根交换膜燃料电池(HEMFC)时的单池峰值功率密度达42 mW·cm−2。

Influence of Beta-Cyclodextrin Functionalized Tin Phenylphosphonate on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Composites

To enhance the thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy resin(EP),beta-cyclodextrin(β-CD)is successfully introduced into the layered tin phenylphosphonate(SnPP),which is incorporated into EP matrix for preparing EP/β-CD@SnPP composites.The results indicate that the addition ofβ-CD@SnPP obviously improve the thermal stability and residual yield of EP composites at higher temperature.When the amount ofβ-CD@SnPP is only 4 wt%,EP/4β-CD@SnPP composites pass V-1 rating,and LOI value is up to 30.8%.Meanwhile,β-CD@SnPP effectively suppress the heat release and reduce the smoke production of EP/β-CD@SnPP composites in combustion,and the peak heat release rate(PHRR),total heat release(THR),smoke production rate(SPR)of EP/6β-CD@SnPP composites reduce by 28.4%,33.0%and 44.8%by comparison with those of pure EP.The good flame retardancy and smoke suppression are ascribed to the synergistic effect of excellent carbon-forming capability and fire retardancy ofβ-CD@SnPP.

Platelet rich plasma-complexed hydrogel glue enhances skin wound healing in a diabetic rat model

Diabetic patients often exhibit delayed or incomplete progress in the healing of acute wounds,owing to poor blood perfusion.Platelet-rich plasma(PRP)has attracted much attention as a means to improve wound healing,because it contains high growth factor concentrations.However,the burst-like release of PRP growth factors results in a short halflife of these therapeutic proteins,thus greatly limiting the therapeutic effect.In this study,we prepared PRP from human umbilical cord blood and developed an in situ photocrosslinkable PRP hydrogel glue(HNPRP)by adding a photoresponsive hyaluronic acid(HA-NB)into PRP.The HNPRP hydrogel allowed for controlled release of plateletderived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)for up to 28 days.In vitro cell culture showed that HNPRP promoted migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes as well as PRP and did not reveal the advantages of HNPRP.However,in a diabetic rat skin wound model,HNPRP treatment promoted faster wound closure.Furthermore,the HNPRP group,compared with the control,PRP and hydrogel only groups,showed significantly greater re-epithelialization and numbers of both newly formed and mature blood vessels.The HNPRP group also displayed higher collagen formation than did the control group.In conclusion,HNPRP enhances angiogenesis and skin regeneration and consequently achieves faster wound healing,thus extending its potential for clinical applications to treat diabetic skin wounds.

Expression and Purification of Zinc Finger Domain and Central Domain of MDMD2

[ Objective] This study aimed to construct the His-tagged prokaryotic expression vectors harboring zinc finger domain （ZF） and central domain （ acidic domain ＆ zinc finger domain, CT） of MDM2, respectively, and preliminarily identified biologic activity of the purified fusion proteins. [ Method ] ZF and CT cod- ing regions were amplified from MDM2 cDNA library by PCR and separately inserted into prokaryotie expression vector pET28b to construct the recombinant plas- mids. After verification by enzyme digestion, the recombinant plasmids were separately transformed into E. coli DH5c~ competent cells. The expressed recombinant plasmids were purified using Ni-NTA magnetic beads and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. [ Result] The molecular weight of His-ZF and His-CT fu- sion proteins was 21 and 31 kD, respectively. E Conclusion] Recombinant fusion proteins containing ZF and CT of MDM2 were obtained successfully, which laid the foundation for subsequent protein crystallization and three-dimensional structure analysis.

Optimization of RNA Secondary Structure Prediction with SHAPE(Selective 2'-hydroxyl Acylation Analyzed by Primer Extension)Chemistry

SHAPE （selective T-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension） chemistry has been widely used in the prediction of RNA secondary structure at single-nucleotide solution. This study was designed to determine the optimal concentrations of RNA and modifying reagent in SHAPE analysis to improve the accura- cy of structure prediction. The results showed that at the ratio of N-methylisatuic anhydride （NMIA） （μmol/L） to RNA （0μmol/L） of 13： 20, the resulting concen- tration of full-length RNA was the highest, and the sequencing signal was the strongest. So, this ratio is optimal for the analysis and prediction of RNA secondary structure in SHAPE chemistry.

Prediction of the Structure of Full-length Human Telomer-ase RNA with SHAPE(Selective 2'-hydroxyl Acylation An-alyzed by Primer Extension)

Telomerase is a unique ribonucleoprotein complex that protects chromosomes from degradation and recombination. The defects in telomerase activity eansed by the mutations in telomerase RNA （hTER） is associated with several human genetic diseases, so the molecular biology and structural biology of hTER are of great significance for the treatment of related diseases and the development of corresponding drugs. In this study, hTER was obtained by in vitro transcription, and then modified with N-methylisatoic anhydride （NMIA） by SHAPE （selective 2＇-hydroxyl aeylation analyzed by primer extension） ; finally, the eDNA fragment was obtained by reverse transcription to analyze the free nucleotides and dynamic structure of hTER, which may provide experimental basis for analyzing three--di- mensional structure of hTER obtained in vitro. In addition, the SHAPE parameters for long RNA fragment （ 〉 300 nt） were optimized. The results showed that 1 μmol/L hTER and 3.9 mmol/L NMIA were optimal, and 49 ℃ was the best temperature for primer extension.

An Evanescent Light Wave Cannot Possess a Transverse Spin

It is pointed out that the evanescent light wave occurring at total reflection does not possess a transverse spin angular momentum as Bliokh, Bekshaev, and Nori claimed recently in (2014) Nature Communications, 5,3300. This is not only because of the nonlocality of the photon spin but also because the evanescent wave is such a state whose angular momentum cannot be separated into spin and orbital parts.

NIR-responsive Collagen-based Sponge Coated with Polydimethylsiloxane/Candle Soot for Oil-Water Separation

To fabricate an oil-water separation material that is rich in source,eco-friendly,and responsive,in this study,we successfully developed a collagen-based sponge for application to oil-water separation based on a green and facile strategy.In this design,widely-available collagen(COL)was used as the substrate:it was immersed in polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)suspension with candle soot(CS)nanoparticles,followed by hot curing.The resultant sponge(CS/PDMS-COL)possessed good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 148.3°under a low PDMS concentration of 2%.The results from field emission scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer,and X-ray diffractometry demonstrated the successful coating of CS and PDMS on the surface of COL substrate.The CS/PDMS-COL can adsorb eight oils,with the adsorption capacity for trichloromethane reaching 95 g/g.With benzene as the target adsorbent,the separation efficiency was maintained at no less than 95%even after recycling 20 times.CS/PDMS-COL was also used to separate oil-in-water emulsion.Moreover,the sponge killed bacteria effectively due to its excellent near-infrared photothermal responsiveness.This study provides new insight into the preparation of facile oil-water separation materials based on naturally occurring biomaterials effortlessly.

CEPC Technical Design Report

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

氮添加对内蒙古草原植物地上和地下碳氮磷化学计量学特征的影响

氮沉降对生态系统功能和过程具有显著影响。已有研究表明氮添加会影响植物叶片C:N:P化学计量特征。然而,氮添加对植物根系C:N:P化学计量特征影响的研究罕有报道。本论文的主要目的是对比氮添加对草原植物群落地上和地下C:N:P化学计量特征的影响。我们在内蒙古锡林郭勒草原开展了一个7年的氮添加实验,该实验包括6个处理,分别是对照:control;N1:0.4 mol·m-2 N;N2:0.8 mol·m^(-2) N;N3:1.6 mol·m^(-2) N;N4:2.8 mol·m^(-2) N;N5:4 mol·m^(-2) N,每个处理6次重复。我们测量并分析了植物地上、地下生物量和C:N:P化学计量特征。研究结果表明,氮添加会导致植物群落地上部分碳浓度降低,氮浓度和磷浓度升高,C:N和C:P比值降低,N:P升高,而且地上碳、氮、磷库均因施氮而增加。然而,氮添加对0-10,10-30,30-50和50-100 cm 4个土层的地下部分碳、氮、磷浓度、比例、库和化学计量特征没有显著影响。综上所述,氮添加会显著改变植物群落地上部分C:N:P化学计量特征,进而影响草地生态系统的功能和过程,但对地下C:N:P化学计量特征几乎没有影响。

Ultrafast photoexcitation dynamics behavior of hydrogen-bonded polyfluorenol

Exciton behavior is crucial to the exploitation of light-emitting conjugated polymer(LCPs)for optoelectronic devices.Singlet excitons are easily trapped by the intrinsically defect structures.Herein,we set a polyfluorenol(PPFOH)as an example to systematically investigate its photophysical behavior to check the role of defect structures in LCPs.According to time-resolved photoluminescence analysis,the feature emission peaks from individual chain of PPFOH in diluted DMF solution is effectively avoided the influence of fluorenone formation,but the residual green-band emission at 550nm is easily observed in the PL spectra of PPFOH dilute toluene solution obtained delay 1.5 ns,confirmed the formation of“guest”physical aggregation-induced defect structure.Remarkably,efficient and ultrafast energy transfer from individual chain to defect structure is observed in PPFOH films.Interestingly,the efficient energy transfer happened for the film obtained from DMF solution(200 ps)than those of toluene ones(600 ps).Meanwhile,compared to relatively stable green-band emission in PPFOH film from toluene solution,red-shifted emission peak(11 nm)of PPFOH film from DMF solutions exposed to saturated DNT vapor also confirmed their different aggregation-induced green-band emission.Therefore,this aggregation defect structures are influenced on the photophysical property of LCPs in solid states.

A temporal framework for building up of healthy soils

Healthy soils are vital for the diverse services provided by ecosystems to human society~[1], such as provisioning(food,fiber, timber, and fuel), regulation(climate, disease, and natural hazards), waste treatment, nutrient cycling, and cultural services. Soil has a three phase system and the interactions between soil chemical, biological, and physical attributes determine functions(hydraulic, thermal, and gas fluxes).

网络攻击下产品与供应链协同演进系统数据驱动变更控制设计

产品与供应链协同演进系统(product and supply chain synchronous evolution system,PSCSE)是一类复杂的分布式信息物理系统(cyber-physical system,CPS),含有大量的未建模动态与不确定性.剧烈的需求波动及突发的网络事件,使系统结构参数极易发生变化.产品设计变更是维持PSCSES稳定、满足用户需求及保证经济效益的重要手段.本文研究基于分布式CPS的PSCSES在受到DoS攻击下的应急变更控制问题.首先,针对PSCSES在网络攻击下数据包丢失问题,利用每条子链的历史数据设计基于循环神经网络(recurrent neural network,RNN)的预测器以弥补因网络攻击造成的库存数据丢失;其次,利用博弈论思想将H∞一致性控制问题转化为多人零和图博弈问题,提出一种应急变更补偿机制;进而基于Q-learning的策略迭代技术设计了模型未知的控制器求解算法,实现了系统的库存状态H∞一致性.最后,仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性.

Oxidization-induced structural optimization of Ni_(3)Fe-N-C derived from 3D covalent organic framework for high-efficiency and durable oxygen evolution reaction

NiFe composites have been regarded as promising candidates to replace commercial noble-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,their practical applications still suffer from poor conductivity,limited activity,durability.To address these issues,herein,by utilizing three-dimensional covalent organic framework(3D-COF)with porous confined structures and abundant coordinate N sites as the precursor,the partially oxidized Ni_(3)Fe nanoalloys wrapped by Ndoped carbon(N-C)layers are constructed via simple pyrolysis and subsequent oxidization.Benefiting from the 3D curved hierarchical structure,high-conductivity of Ni_(3)Fe and N-C layers,well-distributed active sites,the as-synthesized O-Ni_(3)Fe-NC catalyst demonstrates excellent activity and durability for catalyzing OER.Experimental and theoretical analyses disclose that both high-temperature oxidization and the OER process greatly promote the formation and exposure of the Ni(Fe)OOH active species as well as lower charge transfer resistance,inducing its optimized OER activity.The robust graphitized N-C layers with superior conductivity and their couplings with oxidized Ni_(3)Fe nanoalloys are beneficial for stabilizing catalytic centers,thereby imparting O-Ni_(3)Fe-N-C with such outstanding stability.This work not only provides a rational guidance for enriching and stabilizing high-activity catalytic sites towards OER but also offers more insights into the structural evolution of NiFe-based OER catalysts.

中国北方温带草原植被恢复的氮限制

围栏禁牧被认为是退化草原植被恢复的有效手段。在植被的恢复过程中,植物需要从土壤中吸收更多的氮。氮素也是中国北方温带草原植被生长的一个主要限制因素。目前尚不清楚该地区的土壤氮素供应是否能够支持长期的植被恢复。本研究在植被的生长季期间对我国北方7个温带草原进行了野外调查。其中,围栏外侧草地保持持续放牧状态,围栏内侧草地保持完全禁牧状态。研究结果表明,禁牧显著提高了草地地上生物量、物种丰富度和香农-维纳多样性指数,其分别提高了126.2%、42.6%和18.8%。禁牧使土壤硝态氮和总无机氮浓度分别降低了51.9%和21.0%,这表明生长季氮素供应与植物需求可能存在错配现象。同时,围封草地地上生物量、物种丰富度和香农-维纳多样性指数与豆科植物群落优势度呈正相关。这些结果表明,温带草原植被恢复受土壤无机氮限制。群落中豆科植物的生物固氮可能缓解植被恢复的氮限制。

Dietary vitamins modified the association of dietary iron with type 2 diabetes:the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,2003-2014

To the Editor:The epidemic of diabetes mellitus poses a major public health threat worldwide.In the United States,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes(T2D)affected 13.9%of adults and would continually increase.[1]Diet is one of the major lifestyle risk factors for T2D,in which dietary iron has generated substantial interest over the past 20 years.[2,3]It is to be noted that dietary vitamins A,B2,B6,E,C,and folic acid were reported to affect the absorption or oxidation of iron in body.[4]However,whether these dietary vitamins play a role in iron-related T2D remains unclear.Further research revealing the holistic role of these dietary vitamins in the association between iron and T2D is needed,which would provide important guidance for decreasing the risk of iron-related T2D.The present study aimed to examine the association between dietary iron and T2D in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)and evaluate whether holistic dietary vitamins affect this relationship.