A process-oriented approach for identifying potential landslides considering time-dependent behaviors beyond geomorphological features

Geomorphological features are commonly used to identify potential landslides.Nevertheless,overemphasis on these features could lead to misjudgment.This research proposes a process-oriented approach for potential landslide identification that considers time-dependent behaviors.The method integrates comprehensive remote sensing and geological analysis to qualitatively assess slope stability,and employs numerical analysis to quantitatively calculate aging stability.Specifically,a time-dependent stability calculation method for anticlinal slopes is developed and implemented in discrete element software,incorporating time-dependent mechanical and strength reduction calculations.By considering the time-dependent evolution of slopes,this method highlights the importance of both geomorphological features and time-dependent behaviors in landslide identification.This method has been applied to the Jiarishan slope(JRS)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case study.The results show that the JRS,despite having landslide geomorphology,is a stable slope,highlighting the risk of misjudgment when relying solely on geomorphological features.This work provides insights into the geomorphological characterization and evolution history of the JRS and offers valuable guidance for studying slopes with similar landslide geomorphology.Furthermore,the process-oriented method incorporating timedependent evolution provides a means to evaluate potential landslides,reducing misjudgment due to excessive reliance on geomorphological features.

The characteristics of negative corona discharge and radio interference at different altitudes based on coaxial wire-cylinder gap

The corona discharge from transmission lines in high-altitude areas is more severe than at lower altitudes. The radio interference caused thereby is a key factor to be considered when designing transmission lines. To study the influence of altitude on negative corona characteristics, an experimental platform comprising a movable small corona cage was established: experiments were conducted at four altitudes in the range of 1120-4320 m, and data on the corona current pulse and radio interference level of 0.8-mm diameter fine copper wire under different negative voltages were collected. The experimental results show that the average amplitude, repetition frequency and average current of the corona current pulse increase with increasing altitude. The dispersion of pulse amplitude increases with increase in altitude, while the randomness of the pulse interval decreases continuously. Taking the average current as an intermediate variable,the relationship between radio interference level and altitude is obtained. The result of this research has some significance for understanding the corona discharge characteristics of ultra-highvoltage lines.

嵌入铂单原子的苯并咪唑基共价有机框架实现高效可见光析氢

氢气(H_(2))是一种清洁的无碳燃料,具有很高的能量密度,是化石能源的潜在替代品之一.半导体光催化水分解反应可将取之不竭的太阳能转化为氢气中的化学能,从而提供一条有前途的、经济和环境友好的产氢路线.光催化析氢反应(HER)涉及光捕集、激发、电荷分离和传输,以及表面质子还原过程.光激发态通常在几皮秒内发生,通过辐射或非辐射复合弛豫返回到基态,然而,光生电子迁移到表面并触发两电子的质子还原是一个慢过程,时间通常在几毫秒或以上.整个过程中转换效率因光生电子极易复合而大大降低.因此,如何延长光生电子寿命,促进电子及时传递到表面析氢位点,提高催化位点的析氢速率,是设计水分解高效光催化剂的关键,也是该领域的难题.有机半导体催化剂可以从地球丰度高的轻元素制备,具有成本低、毒性小和结构多样等特点.其中一个典型代表是共价有机框架(COFs),其具有大的比表面积及丰富可调的骨架组成和孔道结构,在分子水平上的可设计性具有独特优势.苯并咪唑化合物具有较大极性和灵活可调的π共轭结构,被广泛用作光电器件的共轭辅助分子.以苯并咪唑基单体直接合成的COF种类罕见,且未见相关COF用于光催化反应的报道.本文通过选用不对称的苯并咪唑单体(2-(4-氨基苯基)-5-氨基苯并咪唑)与三醛基间苯三酚直接通过席夫碱化学反应缩合,制备了苯并咪唑基COF.该COF材料有效促进了光吸收和电荷分离/传递,以及高活性Pt单原子析氢位点的形成,在可见光驱动的析氢反应中表现出较好的析氢速率和转换频率.采用微波辅助的溶剂热策略快速合成了苯并咪唑基COF(PABZ-Tp),通过X射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外吸收光谱、13C固态核磁共振等研究其结构.光学和光电化学表征结果表明,PABZ-Tp在可见光范围.内展现出较好的光吸收,具有较低的激子解离能(17.8 meV),有效促进了长寿命自由光电子的形成.骨架中带负电荷的苯并咪唑基团不但是Pt单原子形成和稳定的主要因素,还有助于构建良好的电子迁移通道,从而有效促进了光生电子快速传递到表面Pt单原子位点,使得该催化剂在可见光驱动的析氢反应中表现出较高的催化效率,析氢速率高达115 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),转换频率为4475.1 h^(-1).理论计算结合瞬态吸收光谱等实验结果表明,苯并咪唑COF框架是产生高活性的关键,对于光吸收、电荷分离传递以及高效析氢位点的构筑均起了重要作用.综上,本文构筑了一种高效的COF基有机光催化剂用于可见光析氢过程.展示了使用不对称咪唑基单体构筑功能化COF材料的广阔前景.

Application of next-generation sequencing technology to precision medicine in cancer: joint consensus of the Tumor Biomarker Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology

Next-generation sequencing(NGS) technology is capable of sequencing millions or billions of DNA molecules simultaneously.Therefore, it represents a promising tool for the analysis of molecular targets for the initial diagnosis of disease, monitoring of disease progression, and identifying the mechanism of drug resistance. On behalf of the Tumor Biomarker Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) and the China Actionable Genome Consortium(CAGC), the present expert group hereby proposes advisory guidelines on clinical applications of NGS technology for the analysis of cancer driver genes for precision cancer therapy. This group comprises an assembly of laboratory cancer geneticists, clinical oncologists, bioinformaticians,pathologists, and other professionals. After multiple rounds of discussions and revisions, the expert group has reached a preliminary consensus on the need of NGS in clinical diagnosis, its regulation, and compliance standards in clinical sample collection. Moreover, it has prepared NGS criteria, the sequencing standard operation procedure(SOP), data analysis, report, and NGS platform certification and validation.

Compressive fatigue behavior and failure evolution of additive fiber-reinforced cemented tailings composites

The ordinary cemented tailings backfill(CTB)is a cement-based composite prepared from tailings,cementitious materials,and water.In this study,a series of laboratory tests,including uniaxial compression,digital image correlation measurement,and scanning electron microscope characteristics of fiber-reinforced CTB(FRCTB),was conducted to obtain the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),failure evolution,and microstructural characteristics of FRCTB specimens.The results show that adding fibers could increase the UCS values of the CTB by 6.90%to 32.76%.The UCS value of the FRCTB increased with the increase in the polypropylene(PP)fiber content.Moreover,the reinforcement effect of PP fiber on the CTB was better than that of glass fiber.The addition of fiber could increase the peak strain of the FRCTB by0.39%to 1.45%.The peak strain of the FRCTB increased with the increase in glass fiber content.The failure pattern of the FRCTB was coupled with tensile and shear failure.The addition of fiber effectively inhibited the propagation of cracks,and the bridging effect of cracks by the fiber effectively improved the mechanical properties of the FRCTB.The findings in this study can provide a basis for the backfilling design and optimization of mine backfilling methods.

Reconstruction resolution enhancement of EPISM based holographic stereogram with hogel spatial multiplexing

We investigate how the splicing mode of a holographic element(hogel)affects the reconstruction of a 3 D scene to improve the reconstruction resolution of a holographic stereogram fabricated using the effective perspective image segmentation and mosaicking method(EPISM).First,the effect of hogel spatial multiplexing on holographic recording and reconstruction is studied based on the mechanism of recording interference fringes in the holographic recording medium.Second,combined with the influence of multiple exposures on the hologram's diffraction efficiency,the diffraction efficiency of the holographic stereogram is analyzed in the spatial multiplexing mode.The holographic stereogram is then regarded as a special optical imaging system.The theory of spatial bandwidth product is adopted to describe the comprehensive resolution of the holographic stereogram,which explains why hogel spatial multiplexing can significantly improve the reconstruction resolution of a holographic stereogram.Compared with the traditional printing method under the same parameters in optical experiments,hogel spatial multiplexing has a lower diffraction efficiency but a higher quality of reconstructed image,consistent with the theoretical analysis.

SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravates chronic comorbidities of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in mice

Background:Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)and diabetes mellitus(DM)are top two chronic comorbidities that increase the severity and mortality of COVID-19.However,how SARS-CoV-2 alters the progression of chronic diseases remain unclear.Methods:We used adenovirus to deliver h-ACE2 to lung to enable SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.SARS-CoV-2’s impacts on pathogenesis of chronic diseases were studied through histopathological,virologic and molecular biology analysis.Results:Pre-existing CVDs resulted in viral invasion,ROS elevation and activation of apoptosis pathways contribute myocardial injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection.Viral infection increased fasting blood glucose and reduced insulin response in DM model.Bone mineral density decreased shortly after infection,which associated with impaired PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.Conclusion:We established mouse models mimicked the complex pathological symptoms of COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases.Pre-existing diseases could impair the inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection,which further aggravated the pre-existing diseases.This work provided valuable information to better understand the interplay between the primary diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Large Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis and Prognostic Based on DBNC and D-S Evidence Theory

Power transformer is a core equipment of power system, which undertakes the important functions of power transmission and transformation, and its safe and stable operation has great significance to the normal operation of the whole power system. Due to the complex structure of the transformer, the use of single information for condition-based maintenance (CBM) has certain limitations, with the help of advanced sensor monitoring and information fusion technology, multi-source information is applied to the prognostic and health management (PHM) of power transformer, which is an important way to realize the CBM of power transformer. This paper presents a method which combine deep belief network classifier (DBNC) and D-S evidence theory, and it is applied to the PHM of the large power transformer. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a high correct rate of fault diagnosis for the power transformer with a large number of multi-source data.

某水电站近坝库岸滑坡涌浪预测研究

水电站建设及建成发电运行以后,伴随着水库蓄水,往往不同程度地触发岸坡岩土体失稳,不仅影响工程建设的实施,而且对拦河大坝和周围人民群众的生命财产安全造成严重威胁。本文以某水电站近坝库区的荒田滑坡为例,分析其滑动成因和机制;在启动速度和下滑速度计算的基础上,对其滑动入水后形成的涌浪进行分析和量化计算。根据山区河道型水库的特点提出弯道系数的概念并修正潘家铮计算公式,该系数主要由大坝附近涌浪监测结果反分析获得。基于数值计算确定不同水位情况下的失稳范围,采用上述修正方法对库区一处潜在失稳区岩土体进行滑动入水后的涌浪预测,从而获得较为可靠的预测结果,为水电站的安全运行提供重要依据。

The F5 gene predicts poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer by promoting cell migration identified using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis

Distal gastric cancer(DGC)is a subgroup of gastric cancer(GC),which has different molecular characteristics from proximal gastric cancer(PGC).These differences result in different overall survival(OS)rates;however,data pertaining to the survival rate in PGC or DGC are contradictory.This suggests that the location of GC is not the unique cause of the different survival rates,while the molecular characteristics might be more important factors determining the prognosis of DGC.Therefore,the aim of this study was to discover key prognostic factors in DGC using bioinformatic methods and to explore the potential molecular mechanism.The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)public database was employed to screen data relating to DGC,and we conducted a weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)on DGC patient samples to establish co-expression modules.High-weight genes(hub genes)in a dominant color module were identified.In vitro experiments and gene set enrichment analyses(GSEA)were carried out to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism.In this study,139 DGC samples were enrolled to perform a co-expression analysis.According to the correlation between gene modules and clinical characteristics,the royal blue module related to stage M of DGC was screened,and a survival analysis was conducted to show that highcoagulation-factor V(F5)expression was related to the short OS of patients with GC.In vitro experiments confirmed that F5 could promote the migration of GC cells.GSEA suggested that F5 might have affected the prognosis of GC by modulating the activities of the Wnt and/or the TGF-βsignaling pathways.Our results indicated that high F5 expression predicts poor prognosis of patients with DGC,and it functions probably by promoting cell migration through the Wnt and/or the TGF-βsignaling pathways.

Lung carcinoma with spindle and/or giant cell： a clinicopathological analysis of 17 cases

有锭子的客观的肺癌并且(或) 巨大的房间(LCSG ) 是一个稀罕上皮的恶性瘤。我们的学习的目的是调查 clinicopathological 和 LCSG 的 17 个案例的预示的特征。在 421 个病人之中的方法经历了肺癌的切除术， LCSG 的 17 个案例为临床、粗野、组织学的参数被学习。后续信息被获得并且分析重要参数到 clarify prognostic 联盟者。结果 LCSG 病人由 15 男性和 2 女性组成了，与从 45 ～ 78 年的年龄(中部， 58 年) ；舞台的 5 个案例我， 3 阶段 II，由病理学的 TNM 阶段的 9 阶段 III；2 个案例只锭子房间癌，有锭子房间的肺癌的 5 个案例，有巨大房间的癌的肺癌的 10 个案例。咳嗽，胸悲痛，或胸痛是最普通的主要症状，发生在 15 个病人(88.2%) 。在舞台的 5 个病人我， 4 是活并且没有为超过 5 年的恶化。在幸存的差别在 LCSG 和有鳞的房间癌病人之间是统计上重要的(中部的幸存， 36 对 61 个月；P = 0.027 ) 。有巨大的房间的淋巴节点转移和癌是影响 LCSG 病人的手术后的预后的危险因素。在早舞台的结论 LCSG 病人可以有乐观结果。有巨大的房间的肺癌由于包含的更多的淋巴节点在组织病理学说，和差的结果显示了多重细胞成分。

Anomaly Detection and Pattern Differentiation in Monitoring Data from Power Transformers

Aiming at the problem of abnormal data generated by a power transformer on-line monitoring system due to the influences of transformer operation state change,external environmental interference,communication interruption,and other factors,a method of anomaly recognition and differentiation for monitoring data was proposed.Firstly,the empirical wavelet transform(EWT)and the autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model were used for time series modelling of monitoring data to obtain the residual sequence reflecting the anomaly monitoring data value,and then the isolation forest algorithm was used to identify the abnormal information,and the monitoring sequence was segmented according to the recognition results.Secondly,the segmented sequence was symbolised by the improved multi-dimensional SAX vector representation method,and the assessment of the anomaly pattern was made by calculating the similarity score of the adjacent symbol vectors,and the monitoring sequence correlation was further used to verify the assessment.Finally,the case study result shows that the proposed method can reliably recognise abnormal data and accurately distinguish between invalid and valid anomaly patterns.

A functional hydrogenase mimic that catalyzes robust H_(2) evolution spontaneously in aqueous environment

Although great progress has been made in improving hydrogen production,highly efficient catalysts,which are able to produce hydrogen in a fast and steady way at ambient temperature and pressure,are still in large demand.Here,we report a[NiCo]-based hydrogenase mimic,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme,that can catalyze robust hydrogen evolution spontaneously in water without external energy input at room temperature.This hydrogenase nanozyme facilitates water splitting reaction by forming a three-center Ni-OH-Co bond analogous to the[NiFe]-hydrogenase reaction by using aluminum as electron donor,and realizes hydrogen evolution with a high production rate of 915 L·h^(-1) per gram of nanozymes,which is hundreds of times higher than most of the natural hydrogenase or hydrogenase mimics.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can robustly disrupt the adhesive oxidized layer of aluminum and enable the full consumption of electrons from aluminum.In contrast to the often-expensive synthetic catalysts that rely on rare elements and consume high energy,we envision that this NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can potentially provide an upgrade for current hydrogen evolution,accelerate the development of scale-up hydrogen production,and generate a clean energy future.

New Discovery of the Jinshui Tin Deposit in the Middle Section of the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt,Northwestern China:Mineralization Age and Exploration Significance

Tin,as one of the most important critical metals,has at-tracted great attention worldwide(Jiang et al.,2023,2020).China has the largest amount of tin resources in the world,ac-counting for nearly one-fourth of the world’s total(Jiang et al.,2020;Chen and Sheng,2015).Tin deposits in China mainly occur in the Nanling Range in southern China,the Sanjiang Basin in southwestern China,and the Great Xing’an Range in northeastern China,which account for 98%of the country’s tin resources,whereas tin deposits are relatively rare in north-western China(Ni et al.,2023;Chen et al.,2014,1992).

Pan-cancer immunogenic death analysis identifies key roles of CXCR3 and CCL18 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Immunogenic death is a form of programmed cell death that is common in the development and progression of cancer.However,its impact on tumor progression differs depending on the location of the tumor.Meanwhile,it also plays an important role in antitumor immunity because the process of immunogenic death can release substances that activate immunity.1 Therefore,in this study,the key mechanism of mediating immunogenic death in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was found from the excavation of the immunogenic death characteristics of pan-cancer and the in-depth investigation of its effects on different tumor types(Fig.1A).

Mesoporous Cu_(3−x)Zn_(x)(BTC)_(2)nanocubes synthesized in deep eutectic solvent and their catalytic performances

To develop high-performance metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)for catalysis is of great importance.Here,we synthesized the mesoporous Cu_(3−x)Zn_(x)(BTC)_(2)(BTC=benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate)nanocubes in a deep eutectic solvent of ZnCl_(2)/ethylene glycol solution.The route can proceed at room temperature and the reaction time needed is shortened to be 30 min,which is superior to the conventional solvothermal route that usually needs high temperature and long reaction time.The formation mechanism of the mesoporous Cu_(3−x)Zn_(x)(BTC)_(2)nanocubes in deep eutectic solvent(DES)was investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction/small angle X-ray scattering/X-ray absorption fine structure conjunction technique.The mesoporous Cu_(3−x)Zn_(x)(BTC)_(2)nanocubes exhibit high catalytic activity and reusability for cyanosilylation reaction of benzaldehyde and aerobic oxidation reaction of benzylic alcohol.

A novel SAXS/XRD/XAFS combined technique for in-situ timeresolved simultaneous measurements

Synchrotron radiation based combined technique can provide multiple structural information simultaneously,which is an important development direction of structural detection.In this study,a novel small-angle X-ray scattering/X-ray diffraction/X-ray absorption fine structure(SAXS/XRD/XAFS)combined setup was constructed,where an area detector,a curved detector,and a point detector are,respectively,used for the measurements of SAXS,XRD,and XAFS signals.A detailed description about the combined setup was given.A minitype diamond detector coupled to a SAXS beamstop was used to record the transmitted X-ray intensity,making the scattering(SAXS and XRD)signal measurement compatible with the absorption(XAFS)signal measurement,avoiding mechanical switching.The two-way sampling strategy was used to acquire XAFS signals,shortening the non-counting time.The two-way and one-way sampling strategies were discussed.High-frequency sampling scheme was used to collect experimental signals,improving the measurement efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio.A detailed description and discussion about the high-frequency scheme were also given in this paper.Except the rotation of monochromator,there is no mechanical movement in measurements,time resolution may reach the level of seconds.Using this SAXS/XRD/XAFS combined setup,SAXS,XRD,and XAFS signals can be acquired simultaneously.With some in-situ sample environment system,the newlydeveloped combined technique can be used to track the structure evolution in complex fluids.During the formation processes of(BiO)2CO3 and ZnAPO-34 particles,the changes of in-situ experimental data with reaction time demonstrate that SAXS/XRD/XAFS combined technique is feasible to track the dynamic process.

The influences of silane coupling agents on the heat and moisture resistance of basalt fibre-reinforced composites

Basalt fibre composite materials have shown good application prospects in electrical equipment,but their reliability can be affected by damp-heat ageing.In this work,the interface,mechanical,and electrical properties of basalt fibre composites treated with three coupling agents via damp-heat ageing were compared.Molecular simulations were conducted to reveal the damp-heat ageing mechanism of the composites.The results show thatγ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane(KH-550)andγ-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane(KH-560)perform better as coupling agents as they form bonds with the matrix resin,compared withγ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane(KH-570).After the dampheat ageing treatment,the hydrolysis of the defects of the amino groups in the interface of the KH-550-treated sample can weaken its mechanical properties and insulation properties greatly.The interface layer of the KH-560-treated sample is mostly composed of carbon–oxygen single bonds and methylene groups with its interface structure more stable,which endows the sample with better stability of its mechanical and insulating properties.Therefore,KH-560 is a more suitable coupling agent for processing basalt fibres to be used in electrical equipment.

乙醇调控铁腐蚀构筑RuO_(x)/FeOOH电催化剂用于增强析氢性能

RuO_(x)是一种有潜力的析氢反应(HER)电催化剂,然而,其表面上*OH和*H中间体的竞争吸附以及过度H结合导致其析氢性能较差.FeOOH具有较强的亲氧性,有望与RuO_(x)耦合形成RuO_(x)/FeOOH复合材料来有效促进HER动力学.鉴于Ru^(3+)的强氧化性,构建温和的反应环境是设计结构均匀、Ru位点可及的RuO_(x)/FeOOH复合材料的关键.本文提出一种乙醇调控铁腐蚀策略,在泡沫铁上原位生长了RuO_(x)/FeOOH电催化剂.醇羟基与Ru^(3+)配位降低了Ru^(3+)的氧化性,并减缓了其扩散,避免了剧烈的氧化还原反应.优化的纳米结构以及RuO_(x)和FeOOH之间的强电子相互作用,使所制备的催化剂在50和100 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下驱动HER和全解水,分别仅需67 mV过电位和1.56 V电压.基于羟基调控策略,乙二醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和甲醇同样可替代乙醇来增强RuO_(x)/FeOOH的HER活性.本工作提出了一种调节铁腐蚀行为的配位调控方法,为制备新型钌基复合催化剂提供了理论依据.

TiO_(2) nanorods based self-supported electrode of 1T/2H MoS_(2) nanosheets decorated by Ag nano-particles for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has shown significant promise as an economic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst for hydrogen generation,but its catalytic performance is still lower than noble metalbased catalysists.Herein,a silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)-decorated 1T/2H phase layered MoS_(2) electrocatalyst grown on titanium dioxide nanorod arrays(Ag NPs/1T(2H)MoS_(2)/TNRs)was prepared through acid-tunable ammonium ion intercalation.Taking advantage of MoS_(2) layered structure and crystal phase controllability,as-prepared Ag NPs/1T(2H)MoS_(2)/TNRs exhibited ultrahigh HER activity.As-proposed strategy combines facile hydrogen desorption(Ag NPs)with efficient hydrogen adsorption(1T/2H MoS_(2))effectively circumventes the kinetic limitation of hydrogen desorption by 1T/2H MoS_(2).The as-prepared Ag NPs/1T(2H)MoS_(2)/TNRs electrocatalyst exhibited excellent HER activity in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 with low overpotential(118 mV vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE))and small Tafel slope(38.61 mV/dec).The overpotential exhibts no obvious attenuation after 10 h of constant current flow.First-principles calculation demonstrates that as-prepared 1T/2H MoS_(2) exhibit a large capacity to store protons.These protons can be subsequently transferred to Ag NPs,which significantly increases the hydrogen coverage on the surface of Ag NPs in HER process and thus change the rate-determining step of HER on Ag NPs from water dissociation to hydrogen recombination.This study provides a unique strategy to improve the catalytic activity and stability for MoS_(2)-based electrocatalyst.