Development of a molecular feature-based survival prediction model of ovarian cancer using the deep neural network

Ovarian cancer(OC)is one of the most lethal gynecologic cancer worldwide,and survival prediction is meaningful for personalized treatment.^(1)The survival outcome of cancer patients mainly depended on the malignancy of the primary tumor which is tightly linked with the expression profile of the molecular features.^(2)Therefore,in this study,we developed a molecular feature-based survival prediction model of OC using a deep neural network(DNN).

选区激光熔化对GCr15高碳钢成形性能的研

以等离子旋转电极制备的GCr15高碳钢粉末为实验原料,采用选区激光熔化(SLM)制备GCr15高碳轴承钢。研究了SLM成形过程中激光功率、扫描速度、体能量密度对GCr15成形性能的影响和成形后的组织转变。实验结果表明,在参数可调节的范围内,激光功率、扫描速度、体能量密度与相对密度呈线性关系。从能量密度曲线可以看出,功率对相对密度的影响大于扫描速度;在低功率情况下,会出现功率与相对密度关系失真;同时,选区激光熔化制备GCr15轴承钢的组织细小、均匀,主要为粗针状的马氏体和残余奥氏体,随着能量密度的增加,残余奥氏体的含量有所增加。

High-speed in vitro intensity diffraction tomography

We demonstrate a label-free,scan-free intensity diffraction tomography technique utilizing annular illumination(aIDT)to rapidly characterize large-volume three-dimensional(3-D)refractive index distributions in vitro.By optimally matching the illumination geometry to the microscope pupil,our technique reduces the data requirement by 60 times to achieve high-speed 10-Hz volume rates.Using eight intensity images,we recover volumes of∼350μm×100μm×20μm,with near diffraction-limited lateral resolution of∼487 nm and axial resolution of∼3.4μm.The attained large volume rate and high-resolution enable 3-D quantitative phase imaging of complex living biological samples across multiple length scales.We demonstrate aIDT’s capabilities on unicellular diatom microalgae,epithelial buccal cell clusters with native bacteria,and live Caenorhabditis elegans specimens.Within these samples,we recover macroscale cellular structures,subcellular organelles,and dynamic micro-organism tissues with minimal motion artifacts.Quantifying such features has significant utility in oncology,immunology,and cellular pathophysiology,where these morphological features are evaluated for changes in the presence of disease,parasites,and new drug treatments.Finally,we simulate the aIDT system to highlight the accuracy and sensitivity of the proposed technique.aIDT shows promise as a powerful high-speed,label-free computational microscopy approach for applications where natural imaging is required to evaluate environmental effects on a sample in real time.

Resolution-enhanced intensity diffraction tomography in high numerical aperture label-free microscopy

We propose label-free and motion-free resolution-enhanced intensity diffraction tomography(reIDT)recovering the 3D complex refractive index distribution of an object.By combining an annular illumination strategy with a high numerical aperture(NA)condenser,we achieve near-diffraction-limited lateral resolution of 346 nm and axial resolution of 1.2μm over 130μm×130μm×8μm volume.Our annular pattern matches the system’s maximum NA to reduce the data requirement to 48 intensity frames.The reIDT system is directly built on a standard commercial microscope with a simple LED array source and condenser lens adds-on,and promises broad applications for natural biological imaging with minimal hardware modifications.To test the capabilities of our technique,we present the 3D complex refractive index reconstructions on an absorptive USAF resolution target and Henrietta Lacks(HeLa)and HT29 human cancer cells.Our work provides an important step in intensity-based diffraction tomography toward high-resolution imaging applications.

PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ion concentrations decreased faster in urban than rural areas in China

We investigated variations of PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ions chemical characteristics at nine urban and rural sites in China using ground-based observations.From 2015 to 2019,mean PM_(2.5)concentration across all sites decreased by 41.9μg/m~3with a decline of 46%at urban sites and 28%at rural sites,where secondary inorganic aerosol(SIAs)contributed to 21%(urban sites)and 17%(rural sites)of the decreased PM_(2.5).SIAs concentrations underwent a decline at urban locations,while sulfate(SO_(4)^(2–)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))decreased by 49.5%,31.3%and 31.6%,respectively.However,only SO_(4)^(2–)decreased at rural sites,NO_(3)^(–)increased by 21%and NH_(4)^(+)decreased slightly.Those changes contributed to an overall SIAs increase in 2019.Higher molar ratios of NO_(3)^(–)to SO_(4)^(2–)and NH_(4)^(+)to SO_(4)^(2–)were observed at urban sites than rural sites,being highest in the heavily polluted days.Mean molar ratios of NH_(3)/NH_xwere higher in 2019 than 2015 at both urban and rural sites,implying increasing NH_xremained as free NH_(3).Our observations indicated a slower transition from sulfate-driven to nitrate-driven aerosol pollution and less efficient control of NO_(x)than SO_(2)related aerosol formation in rural regions than urban regions.Moreover,the common factor at urban and rural sites appears to be a combination of lower SO_(4)^(2–)levels and an increasing fraction of NO_(3)^(–)to PM_(2.5)under NH_(4)^(+)-rich conditions.Our findings imply that synchronous reduction in NO_(x)and NH_(3)emissions especially rural areas would be effective to mitigate NO_(3)^(–)-driven aerosol pollution.

Disruption of KDM4C-ALDH1 A3 feed-forward loop inhibits sternness,tumorigenesis and chemoresistance of gastric cancer stem cells

Dear Editor,Gastric cancer(GC)is a considerable global health burden;the median survival of advaneed GC is less than 1 year.^(1)Cancer stem cells(CSCs),a small population of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties,are the major cause of treatme nt failure,in eluding GC,2 however,the mechanisms underlying stemness maintenanee of GC stem cells(GCSCs)are still poorly understood.

Computer-free computational imaging: optical computing for seeing through random media

Diffractive Deep Neural Network enables computer-free,all-optical“computational imaging”for seeing through unknown random diffusers at the speed of light.