ESG投资对企业绩效的影响文献综述

随着经济水平的日益提高,人们逐渐意识到生态环境的重要性,ESG理念应运而生。本文通过阅读文献,分析ESG对企业财务绩效的影响,发现市面上学者认为ESG投资对企业财务绩效的影响分为三大类,分别是促进效应、抑制效应以及无关论,大部分学者认为ESG投资对财务绩效的影响是具有促进效应的。接着分析了ESG投资对企业非财务绩效的影响,发现学者大多将非财务绩效分为与利益相关者有关以及分为与环境、社会、公司三方面绩效有关。通过对ESG投资对企业绩效影响的文献综述,发现我国企业相比欧洲国家在践行ESG投资方面还不够成熟,并引用归纳文献中对我国ESG存在问题提出的建议,希望可以给到我国企业一些发展帮助。

地震波成像揭示云南省的热液活动和成矿环境

采用双差定位层析成像方法揭示S波速度结构,显示大规模低速异常主要集中在10~25km深度的小江断裂带和丽江-小金河断裂带周围;而在川滇块体中南部区域存在一个明显的高速异常,这与峨眉山大型火成岩省分布区域范围一致。根据地质和地球物理资料,推断小江断裂带和丽江-小金河断裂带下的低速异常与来自青藏高原中部的下地壳流动有关。然而,峨眉山地区中部存在明显的高速异常,与峨眉山大型火成岩区一致。峨眉山下方的与地幔柱相关高速异常会阻碍地壳流动,从而使得地壳流被限制在深大断裂带附近。结果还发现多种矿产资源主要集中在大型断层和低速带上,表明下地壳流动和大型深部断层为流体成矿和矿床沉积提供了条件。

Determination of the metastable zone and induction time of thiourea for cooling crystallization

The solubility,metastable zone width(MSZW),and induction time of thiourea for cooling crystallization were experimentally determined in the temperature range of 283-323 K.The solubility data could be well described by the Apelblat equation model as lnx=-99.55+1071.66/T+16.27 lnT.The determinations of the effects of various stirring and cooling rates indicated that the MSZW increased with increasing and decreasing cooling and stirring rates,respectively.Furthermore,the induction times at various temperatures and supersaturation ratios were also measured.The results indicated that homogeneous nucleation could occur at high supersaturation,whereas heterogeneous nucleation was more likely to occur at low supersaturation.Based on the classical nucleation theory and induction period data,the calculated solid-liquid interfacial tensions of thiourea in deionized water at 302.46 and 312.58 K were 2.86 and 2.94 mJ·m^(-2),respectively.

Deep metallogenic mechanism in southeastern China based on receiver function data

Crustal deformation and deep metallogenic mechanisms in southeastern(SE)China are still debated.In this study,we applied the receiver function method to measure crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock using teleseismic data recorded at 207 seismic stations from China Earthquake Administration Network.The results showed that crustal thickness varied from~27 km in the eastern part to~43 km in the western part of the study area,with an average crustal thickness of 31 km.The crust is thick in the west and thin in the east.The observed Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock was relatively high in the southern Cathaysia Block(CB),with an average of 0.295,while in the Qinling—Dabie terrane,it was relatively low,with an average of 0.257.In the middle of the Yangtze craton and central east of the CB,Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock varied from 0.257 to 0.286.By comparing Poisson’s ratio of the intrusive deposits with that of igneous rocks in volcanic complexes,we deduced that the metallic mineral system might be associated with orogenic and hydrothermal deposits.These results indicated that multistage magma and mineralization in the study area might be attributed to the tectonic-magma-thermal event.The high Poisson’s ratio for crustal rock in the southeastern margin of the CB and northeastern Upper Yangtze Craton might be related to Mesozoic lower crustal mafic partial melt,which provides an important environment for various magmatic intrusions and metallogenies.

Reporting quality evaluation of clinical practice guidelines for pulmonary nodules with the RIGHT checklist

To the Editor:Pulmonary nodules are defined as localized opacities of up to 30 mm in diameter,surrounded by pulmonary parenchyma or located adjacent to the pleura.^([1])The ideal management for pulmonary nodules is to diagnose and treat malignant nodules as early as possible and minimize radiation exposures,based on the general guidance.Clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)always provide efficient recommendations based on systematic reviews of high-quality evidence and reporting to optimize patient care.^([2])Accumulating evidence shows that adherence to the guidelines improves patient outcomes.^([3])However,the reporting quality of CPGs seems poor.^([4])Several instruments have been generated to evaluate the quality of CPGs.

Bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary nodules

To the Editor:Transthoracic needle aspiration(TTNA)and bronchoscopy have been the preferred methods for the sampling of pulmonary nodules suspected of lung cancer.However,despite having a higher diagnostic accuracy,TTNA has been associated with a high rate of pneumothorax.Moreover,conventional bronchoscopy with a low rate of pneumothorax has exhibited a low diagnostic yield for peripheral pulmonary nodules,particularly for nodules<2 cm in size or those without a bronchus leading directly to them.Thus,Herth et al[1]developed a novel bronchoscopy technique called bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access(BTPNA)under the guidance of Archimedes Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation(VBN)System for the purpose of accessing pulmonary nodules using a transparenchymal approach without relying on the airway to approach the lesion.Here,we systematically reviewed evidence regarding BTPNA to provide general guidance on the safe implementation and development of this novel approach.

Enhanced cycling stability of single-crystal LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.07)Mn_(0.10)O_(2)by Li-reactive coating with H_(3)BO_(3)

Ni-rich cathode materials will be primarily used as next-generation high-specific energy cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries.However,residual Li formation and cracking considerably restrict the wide application of these materials.To address the issues related to cracking,micro-sized single-crystal cathode materials without internal grain boundaries are proposed.In this study,we constructed a thin LiBO_(2)layer on the single-crystal LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.07)Mn_(0.10)O_(2)particles by solvent-free H_(3)BO_(3)modification.The residual Li on the material surface decreased by 14%through the reaction of LiOH/Li_(2)CO_(3)and H_(3)BO_(3).The coated materials exhibited higher initial Coulombic efficiency(88.44%),higher reversible capacity(213.4 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 C),and better cycling performance(91.31%retention over 50 cycles within 3.0-4.3 V at 1.0C)than the unmodified materials.Using the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES),we reveal the mechanism by which the electrochemical properties are improved upon H_(3)BO_(3)modification.The superior electrochemical performances are associated with increased Li+conductivity,lower charge transfer impedance,and suppressed transition metal dissolution.Therefore,this study demonstrates the importance of surface modification in obtaining Ni-rich single-crystal materials with enhanced performance.

Immune response after vaccination using inactivated vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019

To the Editor:The vaccine-related adaptive immune systems,including humoral immunity induced by B cell reaction and cellular immunity induced by T cells,are crucial for controlling severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.[1]Therefore,it is vital to clarify the immune changes caused by inactivated vaccines,which are most commonly used in China,for evaluating the protective effect of vaccines and formulating vaccination plans.

Self‐adaptive electrostatic discharge performance of ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber composites

With the increase in applied voltage and the decrease in volume,integrated electronic modules have become electrostatic sensitive.ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber(SiR)composite,with electric field‐dependent conductivity,shows promising prospects for solving the electrostatic problem.In this study,20 vol%to 50 vol%ZnO/SiR composite films,filled with 10–30μm ZnO microvaristors,were prepared and put into the test of electrostatic discharge.Compared with the insulating and conducting materials,ZnO/SiR composites achieve the lowest initial voltage and a short time constant of electrostatic discharge.With the increase of ZnO microvaristors volume fraction,from 20%to 50%,the initial voltage and the time constant of electrostatic discharge drop from 1.78 to 0.72 kV and 3.1 ms to 0.4μs.When the ZnO volume fraction is higher than 30%,there is no residual voltage after 0.1 s.To explore the reason behind different electrostatic discharge performances of the ZnO/SiR composites,the conductivities of the com-posites were measured.It is found that the break‐over voltage of the composite drops with the increase in the ZnO microvaristors volume fraction.When a high voltage im-pulse is applied on the ZnO/SiR film,the composite will turn to the conducting state and release the electrostatic charge adaptively so that the initial voltage can be controlled.This work supplies a novel electrostatic discharge idea for electric and electronic devices.

Spinel-layered integrate structured nanorods with both high capacity and superior high-rate capability as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries

Spinel phase LiMn2O4 was successfully embedded into monoclinic phase layered- structured Li2MnO3 nanorods, and these spineMayered integrate structured nanorods showed both high capacities and superior high-rate capabilities as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）. Pristine Li2MnO3 nanorods were synthesized by a simple rheological phase method using α-MnO2 nanowires as precursors. The spinel-layered integrate structured nanorods were fabricated by a facile partial reduction reaction using stearic acid as the reductant. Both structural characterizations and electrochemical properties of the integrate structured nanorods verified that LiMn2O4 nanodomains were embedded inside the pristine Li2MnO3 nanorods. When used as cathode materials for LIBs, the spineMayered integrate structured Li2MnO3 nanorods （SL-Li2MnO3） showed much better performances than the pristine layered-structured Li2MnO3 nanorods （L-Li2MnO3）. When charge-discharged at 20 mA.g-1 in a voltage window of 2.0-4.8 V, the SL-Li2MnO3 showed discharge capacities of 272.3 and 228.4 mAh.g-1 in the first and the 60th cycles, respectively, with capacity retention of 83.8%. The SL-Li2MnO3 also showed superior high-rate performances. When cycled at rates of 1 C, 2 C, 5 C, and 10 C （1 C = 200 mA-g-1） for hundreds of cycles, the discharge capacities of the SL-Li2MnO3 reached 218.9, 200.5, 147.1, and 123.9 mAh-g-1, respectively. The superior performances of the SL-Li2MnO3 are ascribed to the spineMayered integrated structures. With large capacities and superior high-rate performances, these spinel-layered integrate structured materials are good candidates for cathodes of next-generation high-power LIBs.

Non‐linearly conductive ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite prepared by wet winding with polyester fibre cloth

ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite has drawn great attention from academia and industry for its adjustable non‐linear conductivity,high mechanical strength,and good ageing resistance.However,the sedimentation of ZnO microvaristors in epoxy resin during preparation is the key problem,which limits its application in engineering.In this study,a novel method of wet winding with polyester fibre cloth is proposed to prepare the ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite.The anti‐settling effect of ZnO micro-varistors in the composite is verified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA).The microstructure shows that ZnO microvaristors distribute uniformly in the composite,and the content difference of ZnO microvaristors at the top and bottom part is only 0.4%.The composite shows typical non‐linear conductivity,and the threshold electric field and the non‐linear coefficient decrease with the content of ZnO microvaristors,while the conductivity in the insulating state shows an increasing trend.To verify the field grading effect of the composite with non‐linear conductivity(CNC),a finite element model of a needle‐plate electrode,simulating the condition of a conductive tip in a solid insulated system,is set up.CNC can adaptively grade the electric field,which reduces the surface electric field of the needle tip by 86.6%and the highest electric field in the system by 82.1%.This wet winding method solidifies the industrial application of CNC in high‐voltage power equipment.