有机合成协同思政教育的课程体系构建探索

为切实推进有机合成课程教学与思政教育同向同行协同育人,从凝练双重育人功能的课程教学体系、深化课程教学中的创新思维、辩证思维教育、增强绿色化学发展与环境和谐共生意识、深挖思政教育与有机合成课程的交融点等方面探索了思政教育融于有机合成课程教学体系的具体实践措施,构建了有机合成专业课程思政教育体系,系统化、针对性落实立德树人根本任务。

化学实验技能竞赛协同传统实验教学的探索与实践

化学实验技能竞赛作为实践教学的一种高级形式,可弥补传统的实验教学项目内容陈旧、技术手段落后、训练不牢、创新性不足等问题,本文以化学实验技能竞赛为载体和抓手,探索多层次、多通道、全方位的化学实验技能竞赛体系,扩大了参与学生的覆盖面,提供了丰富的训练平台,将化学实验技能竞赛活动与传统实验教学协同融合,以赛促教、以赛促学、以赛促练,提高实践教学质量,更好地培养学生的实践能力、工匠精神和社会责任感,使选拔性教育向素质教育和创新教育转变,形成我校特色的化学实践教学新模式。

BRAF^(V600E) vs. TIRADS in predicting papillary thyroid cancers in Bethesda system Ⅰ, Ⅲ, and Ⅴ nodules

Objective: Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology(BSRTC) categories Ⅰ, Ⅲ, and Ⅴaccount for a significant proportion of fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) diagnoses. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of BRAF^(V600E) mutation and the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System(TIRADS) classification in differentiating papillary thyroid cancers(PTCs) from benign lesions among BSRTC I, III, and V nodules.Methods: A total of 472 patients with 479 nodules were enrolled in this prospective study. Ultrasound, BRAF^(V600E) mutation testing, and FNAC were performed in each nodule, followed by surgery or regular ultrasound examination.Results: In the BSRTC I category, BRAF^(V600E) showed similar sensitivity, higher specificity, and lower accuracy when compared with TIRADS. In the BSRTC III/V category, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of BRAF^(V600E) were similar to those of TIRADS. In comparison to BRAF^(V600E) alone, the combination of the two methods significantly improved sensitivity(BSRTC Ⅰ:93.6% vs. 67.7%, P < 0.01; BSRTC Ⅲ: 93.8% vs. 75.0%, P < 0.01; BSRTC V: 96.0% vs. 85.3%, P < 0.001). When compared with TIRADS alone, the combination improved sensitivity in BSRTC Ⅰ nodules(93.6% vs. 74.2%, P < 0.05), increased sensitivity and decreased accuracy in BSRTC III nodules(93.8% vs. 75.0%, P < 0.01, 91.0% vs. 93.6%, P < 0.01), and improved both sensitivity and accuracy in BSRTC V nodules(96.0% vs. 82.0%, P < 0.001; 94.2% vs. 81.3%, P < 0.001).Conclusions: BRAF^(V600E) exhibited higher specificity and lower accuracy compared with TIRADS in BSRTC Ⅰ nodules, while the two methods showed similar diagnostic value in BSRTC Ⅲ/Ⅴ nodules. The combination of the two methods distinctly improved sensitivity in the diagnosis of PTCs in BSRTC Ⅰ, Ⅲ, and Ⅴ nodules.

TBtools-II: A “one for all, all for one” bioinformatics platform for biological big-data mining

Since the official release of the stand-alone bioinformatics toolkit TBtools in 2020,its superior functionality in data analysis has been demonstrated by its widespread adoption by many thousands of users and references in more than 5000 academic articles.Now,TBtools is a commonly used tool in biological laboratories.Over the past 3 years,thanks to invaluable feedback and suggestions from numerous users,we have optimized and expanded the functionality of the toolkit,leading to the development of an upgraded version—TBtools-II.In this upgrade,we have incorporated over 100 new features,such as those for comparative genomics analysis,phylogenetic analysis,and data visualization.Meanwhile,to better meet the increasing needs of personalized data analysis,we have launched the plugin mode,which enables users to develop their own plugins and manage their selection,installation,and removal according to individual needs.To date,the plugin store has amassed over 50 plugins,with more than half of them being independently developed and contributed by TBtools users.These plugins offer a range of data analysis options including co-expression network analysis,single-cell data analysis,and bulked segregant analysis sequencing data analysis.Overall,TBtools is now transforming from a stand-alone software to a comprehensive bioinformatics platform of a vibrant and cooperative community in which users are also developers and contributors.By promoting the theme“one for all,all for one”,we believe that TBtools-II will greatly benefit more biological researchers in this big-data era.

Efficacy and safety of early anticoagulation after endovascular treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation

Background The timing for initiating anticoagulant therapy in acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)patients with atrial fibrillation who recanalised after endovascular treatment(EVT)is unclear.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of early anticoagulation after successful recanalisation in AIS patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods Patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion and atrial fibrillation who were successfully recanalised by EVT within 24 hours after stroke in the Registration Study for Critical Care of Acute Ischemic Stroke after Recanalization registry were analysed.Early anticoagulation was defined as the initiation of unfractionated heparin(UFH)or low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)within 72 hours after EVT.Ultra-early anticoagulation was defined if it was initiated within 24 hours.The primary efficacy outcome was the score on the modified Rankin Scale(mRS)at day 90,and the primary safety outcome was symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 90 days.Results Overall,257 patients were enrolled,of whom 141(54.9%)initiated anticoagulation within 72 hours after EVT,including 111 within 24 hours.A significant shift towards better mRS scores at day 90 was associated with early anticoagulation(adjusted common OR 2.08(95%CI 1.27 to 3.41)).Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage was comparable between patients treated with early and routine anticoagulation(adjusted OR 0.20(95%CI 0.02 to 2.18)).Comparison of different early anticoagulation regimens showed that ultra-early anticoagulation was more significantly associated with favourable functional outcomes(adjusted common OR 2.03(95%CI 1.20 to 3.44))and reduced the incidence of asymptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(OR 0.37(95%CI 0.14 to 0.94)).Conclusions In AIS patients with atrial fibrillation,early anticoagulation with UFH or LMWH after successful recanalisation is associated with favourable functional outcomes without increasing the risk of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhages.

Enhancing thermal conductivity of silicone rubber composites by insitu constructing SiC networks:A finite-element study based on first principles calculation

Polymer composites as thermal interface materials have been widely used in modern electronic equipment.In this work,we report a novel method to prepare highly through-plane thermally conductive silicone rubber(SR)composites with vertically aligned silicon carbide fibers(VA-SiCFs)entangled by SiC nanowires(SiCNWs)networks.First,a series of carbon fibers(CFs)skeletons were fabricated in sequence of coating poor thermally conductive polyacrylonitrile-based CFs with polydopamine,icetemplated assembly,and freeze-drying processes.Furthermore,VA-SiCFs networks,i.e.,long-range continuous SiCFs-SiCNWs networks,based on the prepared CFs skeletons,were in-situ obtained via template-assisted chemical vapor deposition method.The thermal conductivity enhancement mechanism of VA-SiCFs networks on its SR composites was also intensively studied by finite element simulation,based on the first principles investigation of SiC,and Foygel’s theory.The in-situ grown VA-SiCFs networks possess high intrinsic thermal conductivity without the thermal interface between fillers,acting as the high-efficiency through-plane long-range continuous thermal conduction path,in which the SiCNWs were the in-plane“thermal spreader”.The VA-SiCFs/SR composites reached a high through-plane thermal conductivity,2.13 W/(m·K),at the filler loading of 15 vol.%,which is 868.2%,and 249.2%higher than that of pure SR sample,and random-CFs@polydopamine(PDA)/SR composites at the same content,respectively.The VA-SiCFs/SR composites also exhibited good electrical insulation performance and excellent dimensional stability,which guaranteed the stable interfacial heat transfer of high-power density electronic devices.

Intravenous tirofiban therapy for patients with capsular warning syndrome

Background Capsular warning syndrome(CWS)is defined as recurrent episodes of transient ischaemic attacks≥3 times during a short time frame.There is no effective therapy to stop these attacks.We,herein,report our experience of using intravenous tirofiban to treat CWS.Methods All patients with CWS in our hospital from January 2013 to September 2017 were reviewed.Patients in tirofiban group(T-group)were treated by intravenous tirofiban at 0.4μg/kg/min for 30 min followed by 0.1-0.15μg/kg/min infusion.Other treatments(non-T-group)included thrombolytic,oral antiplatelet agents and anticoagulant.Intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH),systematic bleeding,new attacks after treatment,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores at 24 hours and modified Rankin Scales(mRSs)at 3 months were recorded.Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.results Of 23 patients qualified(15 in T-group,8 in non-T-group),the duration of symptoms ranged from 2 to 100 min before treatments.After treatment,in T-group,four patients(26.7%)had recurrent attacks,and NIHSS scores were 0 in 11 patients(73.3%)at 24 hours.All patients reached a favourable outcome(mRS≤2) at 3 months.In non-T-group,five patients(62.5%)had new attacks.NIHSS scores were 0 in two patients(25%)at 24 hours.At 3 months,seven patients(87.5%)reached a favourable outcome.Neither ICH nor systematic bleeding or thrombocytopaenia occurred in both groups of patients.Conclusions Intravenous tirofiban can be a potentially effective and safe therapy to stop early symptomatic fluctuations and shorten the duration of functional deficits in patients with CWS.

Adsorption Kinetic Properties of As(Ⅲ)on Synthetic Nano Fe-Mn Binary Oxides

The adsorptive removal of arsenic by synthetically-prepared nano Fe-Mn binary oxides（FM） was investigated. A novel method using potassium permanganate and ferric chloride as raw materials was used to synthesise FM. The molar ratio of Fe and Mn in the synthetic Fe-Mn binary oxides was 4 ： 3. The FM-1 and FM-2（prepared at different activation temperatures） having high specific surface areas（358.87 and 128.58 m^2/g, respectively） were amorphous and of nano particle types. The amount of arsenic adsorbed on FM-1 was higher than that adsorbed on FM-2 particles. After adsorption by FM-1, residual arsenic concentration decreased to less than 10 μg/L. The adsorption kinetics data were analyzed using different kinetic models including pseudo first-order model, pseudo second-order model, Elovich model and intraparticle diffusion model. Pseudo second-order kinetic model was the most appropriate model to describe the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption percentage of As（Ⅲ） increased in the p H range of 2–3 while it decreased with the increase of pH（ 3〈pH〈10）. The effects of coexisting anions on As（Ⅲ） removal using FM-1 and FM-2 were also studied and the order of the effects is as follows： NO_3^-, Cl-, F-〈SO_4^（2-）, HCO_3-〈H_2PO_4^-, indicating that H_2PO_4^- is the major competitor with As（Ⅲ） for adsorptive sites on the surface of the adsorbents. The higher adsorption capacity of FM-1 makes it potentially attractive adsorbent for the removal of As（Ⅲ） from groundwater.

Semi-analytical and computational investigation of different dust loading structures affecting the performance of a fibrous air filter

In this study, a semi-analytical model was developed to illustrate the relationship between filtration performance （filtration efficiency and pressure drop） and dust loading under two different particle deposit structures based on theoretical analysis and computational fluid dynamic （CFD） technology. Under the compact deposit structure, within the practical parameter ranges （fiber diameter, air velocity, dust loading mass）, a slight efficiency enhancement （∽10%） occurred at the most penetration particle size （MPPS） and pressure drop increased significantly （∽100%） in response to the solidity increase from 5% to 15%. However, under the dendritic particle deposit structure, both filtration efficiency （∽40%） and pressure drop （4600%） increased significantly with the same solidity increase due to the larger air velocity and swerve change between fibers.

Monitoring and Modeling the Effects of Groundwater Flow on Arsenic Transport in Datong Basin

Although arsenic-contaminated groundwater in the Datong Basin has been studied for more than 10 years, little has been known about the complex patterns of solute transport in the aquifer systems. Field monitoring and transient 3D unsaturated groundwater flow modeling studies were car- ried out on the riparian zone of the Sanggan River at the Datong Basin, northern China, to better un- derstand the effects of groundwater flow on As mobilization and transport. The results indicate that ir- rigation is the primary factor in determining the groundwater flow paths. Irrigation can not only in- crease groundwater level and reduce horizontal groundwater velocity and thereby accelerate vertical and horizontal groundwater exchange among sand, silt and clay formations, but also change the HS concentration, redox conditions of the shallow groundwater. Results of net groundwater flux estimation suggest that vertical infiltration is likely the primary control of As transport in the vadose zone, while horizontal water exchange is dominant in controlling As migration within the sand aquifers. Recharge water, including irrigation return water and flushed saltwater, travels downward from the ground surface to the aquifer and then nearly horizontally across the sand aquifer. The maximum value of As enriched in the riparian zone is roughly estimated to be 1 706.2 mg.d-1 for a horizontal water exchange of 8.98 m3.d-1 close to the river and an As concentration of 190 μg.L-1.

Charged ultrafine particle filtration through vehicular cabin air filters

Understanding the effectiveness of cabin air filters is important for assessing human exposure to ultra- fine particles （UFPs） of vehicular origin. The filtration efficiency of vehicular UFPs with electric charges was investigated for different electric charge characteristics （charge state, charge polarity）. The average filtration efficiency increased ~10% as the electric charge state on the particles changed in distribution from lightly charged to highly charged. The enhancement of filtration efficiency due to electric charge was different at various filter-face air velocities. As electric charges increased, the filtration efficiency increased 12% and 9% at low air velocity （0.1 m/s） and high air velocity （0.S m/s）, respectively. The filter fiber material poses somewhat effect on the filtration efficiency change due to the electric charge. The effects of filter usage and charge polarity on filtration efficiency due to the electric charge were negligi- ble. A coefficient was empirically derived and successfully accounts for the electric charge effect on UFP filtratinn efficiency.

Arsenic,Iron and Organic Matter in Quaternary Aquifer Sediments from Western Hetao Basin,Inner Mongolia

To investigate geochemical and mineralogical features of sediments from aquifers containing high levels of dissolved arsenic（As） in western Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia, sediment samples were collected for XRD（X-ray diffraction）, amorphous Fe/Mn oxides, and humic/fulvic acid analyses, in addition to As determination. In the study area, the total As contents in the sediments were in the range 5.3–28.8 mg/kg; while that associated with humic substances in the range 4–9 mg/kg, accounting for 26%–47% of the total As. The results of XRD analysis suggest that clay and silt contain certain small amounts of iron oxides minerals, such as ferrihydrite, hematite and goethite, whereas have higher As and Fe_2O_3 contents. Up to one third of As in the sediments could be extracted by ammonium oxalate, and high As contents were generally found in organic-rich clay or silty clay samples with high FA/HA ratio. As is strongly associated with humic substances and Fe oxyhydroxides, which may be the major sink and source of As in the aquifer sediments.