Reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)double-electron redox in P3-type layer-structured sodium-ion cathode

The balance between cationic redox and oxygen redox in layer-structured cathode materials is an important issue for sodium batteries to obtain high energy density and considerable cycle stability.Oxygen redox can contribute extra capacity to increase energy density,but results in lattice instability and capacity fading caused by lattice oxygen gliding and oxygen release.In this work,reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox is realized in a P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode material with high specific capacity and structure stability via Co substitution.The contribution of oxygen redox is suppressed significantly by reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox without sacrificing capacity,thus reducing lattice oxygen release and improving the structure stability.Synchrotron X-ray techniques reveal that P3 phase is well maintained in a wide voltage window of 1.5-4.5 V vs.Na^(+)/Na even at 10 C and after long-term cycling.It is disclosed that charge compensation from Co/Mn-ions contributes to the voltage region below 4.2 V and O-ions contribute to the whole voltage range.The synergistic contributions of Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+),Co^(2+)/Co^(3+),and O^(2-)/(O_n)^(2-)redox in P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)lead to a high reversible capacity of 215.0 m A h g^(-1)at 0.1 C with considerable cycle stability.The strategy opens up new opportunities for the design of high capacity cathode materials for rechargeable batteries.

Current treatment paradigm and survival outcomes among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in China:a retrospective multicenter study

Objective:Evidence on the prognostic value of autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT)and minimal residual disease(MRD)dynamics of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(NDMM)in China is limited.Our objective in the current study was to understand the current care paradigm and outcomes of these patients.Methods:This longitudinal cohort study used historical data from three top-tier hematologic disease care hospitals that contributed to the National Longitudinal Cohort of Hematological Diseases-Multiple Myeloma.Treatment regimens[proteasome inhibitor(PI)-,immunomodulatory drug(IMiD)-,PI+IMiD-based,and conventional],post-induction response,ASCT and MRD status,and survival outcomes[progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)]were evaluated.Results:In total,454 patients with NDMM were included(median age,57 years;59.0%males)with a median follow-up of 58.7 months.The overall response rate was 91.0%,83.9%,90.6%,and 60.9%for PI-,IMiD-,PI+IMiD-based,and conventional regimens,respectively.Patients with ASCT during first-line therapy(26.2%)had a longer PFS and OS than patients who did not receive ASCT[median PFS,42.9 vs.21.2 months,P<0.001;median OS,not reached(NR)vs.65.8 months,P<0.001].The median OS was NR,71.5,and 56.6 months among patients with sustained MRD negativity,loss of MRD negativity,and persistent MRD,respectively(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis revealed that the lactic dehydrogenase level,International Staging System stage,extra-medullary disease,and upfront ASCT were independent factors in predicting OS among NDMM patients.Conclusions:Our study showed that novel agent-based regimens,first-line ASCT,and sustained MRD negativity were associated with a superior outcome for patients with NDMM in China(Identifier:NCT04645199).

Data analysis guidelines for single‑cell RNA‑seq in biomedical studies and clinical applications

The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.With the expansion of capacity for high-throughput scRNA-seq,including clinical samples,the analysis of these huge volumes of data has become a daunting prospect for researchers entering this field.Here,we review the workflow for typical scRNA-seq data analysis,covering raw data processing and quality control,basic data analysis applicable for almost all scRNA-seq data sets,and advanced data analysis that should be tailored to specific scientific questions.While summarizing the current methods for each analysis step,we also provide an online repository of software and wrapped-up scripts to support the implementation.Recommendations and caveats are pointed out for some specific analysis tasks and approaches.We hope this resource will be helpful to researchers engaging with scRNA-seq,in particular for emerging clinical applications.

叶片裂纹故障早期监测预警方法研究

振动问题一直是限制风机向大型化高参数化方向发展的主要障碍,而叶片振动导致的疲劳断裂故障和事故尤为突出。对风机叶片同步共振进行了研究,提出基于非线性最小二乘拟合和GARIV方法相结合的叶片同步振动的振动参数精确辨识方法,准确捕捉叶片的动态固有频率。基于激光传感器的叶尖定时方法,通过捕捉叶片裂纹早期固有频率的微小变化,实现叶片裂纹故障的早期预警。仿真结果表明,所提出的方法可以达到万分之七的测量精度,实验研究结果表明,本文所提出的方法可以进行叶片裂纹的早期识别。

高速公路改扩建中乳化沥青冷再生混合料设计方法优化研究

结合某高速改扩建工程乳化沥青冷再生试验段,分别对乳化沥青厂拌冷再生混合料采用旋转压实成型方法和大马歇尔成型方法进行混合料的设计,对两种成型方法的混合料最佳含水率、混合料的体积指标、混合料的性能进行分析。实验结果表明,两种设计方法的混合料技术指标存在一定的差异,项目采用旋转压实70次和采用大马歇尔双面击实150次的混合料体积指标和性能指标相近,通过与试验路取芯状况的对比,确定本项目采用马歇尔双面击实150次和旋转压实70次作为本项目的混合料成型方法。

通过聚丙烯/聚乙烯二元体系的流变控制制备聚合物多层片材

通过毛细管流变仪研究了二元聚合物体系的分相流动行为,以及在动态外场作用下的演变规律,利用低黏度熔体包覆高黏度熔体的"粘性包覆"现象,筛选出具有满足分相流动条件并特定黏度比的聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP),成功地一次成型制备出多层聚合物膜片。利用凝胶色谱仪、偏光显微镜、有限元分析软件等对PP/PE二元体系的形态结构进行了研究,并探讨了分层流动的机理。结果表明,通过PE/PP黏度比可以控制材料流变行为,从而制备"核壳"结构和PP-PE-PP"三明治"结构,并优化出最适宜的加工窗口。同时,发现流动过程中PP和PE的径向速度是不同的,分层流动是材料粘弹性和加工流场共同作用的结果。

Circular Formation Flight Control for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles With Directed Network and External Disturbance

This paper proposes a new distributed formation flight protocol for unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)to perform coordinated circular tracking around a set of circles on a target sphere.Different from the previous results limited in bidirectional networks and disturbance-free motions,this paper handles the circular formation flight control problem with both directed network and spatiotemporal disturbance with the knowledge of its upper bound.Distinguishing from the design of a common Lyapunov fiunction for bidirectional cases,we separately design the control for the circular tracking subsystem and the formation keeping subsystem with the circular tracking error as input.Then the whole control system is regarded as a cascade connection of these two subsystems,which is proved to be stable by input-tostate stability(ISS)theory.For the purpose of encountering the external disturbance,the backstepping technology is introduced to design the control inputs of each UAV pointing to North and Down along the special sphere(say,the circular tracking control algorithm)with the help of the switching function.Meanwhile,the distributed linear consensus protocol integrated with anther switching anti-interference item is developed to construct the control input of each UAV pointing to east along the special sphere(say,the formation keeping control law)for formation keeping.The validity of the proposed control law is proved both in the rigorous theory and through numerical simulations.

腹部手术患者压力性损伤风险预测模型的开发及验证

目的旨在开发腹部手术患者压力性损伤风险预测诺谟图模型并验证其对预测准确性。方法回顾性收集2017年1月至2020年12月期间在中国西部1所医院普通外科进行腹部外科手术且术后在ICU进行重症监护治疗的11247例患者病历,并从病历中提取患者一般资料、术前和术中相关资料、压力性损伤发生情况等。根据手术后患者是否发生压力性损伤对病例进行区分,所有数据根据R软件按8∶2的比例随机分为训练队列(n=8997)及验证队列(n=2250)。对训练队列中的数据采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析,开发腹部手术患者压力性损伤风险预测诺谟图模型。结果共有873例患者(7.8%)发生了压力性损伤。Logistic回归分析显示,手术时间、体重、手术类型、术前白蛋白、Braden量表评分是压力性损伤发生的独立危险因素,据此构建诺谟图。研究结果显示,该诺谟图用于压力性损伤预测的受试者工作曲线的曲线下面积为0.831,特异性为85.2%,敏感性为63.7%;Braden量表的曲线下面积则为0.567,特异性为33.0%。诺谟图的Hosmer-Lemeshow检验P值为0.45,Braden量表的Hosmer-Lemeshow检验P值为0.22,两者均显示了较好的校准度。在决策曲线分析中,诺谟图也显示了更好的预测效果。结论与Braden评分相比,本研究所构建的诺谟图模型对于腹部手术患者压力性损伤显示出更好的预测效果。尽管这些结果还需要进一步的验证,诺谟图能提供更有效的信息,有潜力为临床护理对于压力性损伤的分级及预防提供帮助。

Stochastic DoS Attack Allocation Against Collaborative Estimation in Sensor Networks

In this paper,denial of service(DoS)attack management for destroying the collaborative estimation in sensor networks and minimizing attack energy from the attacker perspective is studied.In the communication channels between sensors and a remote estimator,the attacker chooses some channels to randomly jam DoS attacks to make their packets randomly dropped.A stochastic power allocation approach composed of three steps is proposed.Firstly,the minimum number of channels and the channel set to be attacked are given.Secondly,a necessary condition and a sufficient condition on the packet loss probabilities of the channels in the attack set are provided for general and special systems,respectively.Finally,by converting the original coupling nonlinear programming problem to a linear programming problem,a method of searching attack probabilities and power to minimize the attack energy is proposed.The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation examples.

基于瞬态启车数据的透平机械叶片健康监测方法

叶片的振动及其导致的疲劳断裂问题一直是限制透平机械向大型高参数化方向发展的主要障碍,对叶片裂纹进行及时诊断预警是防止事故的重要手段。本文研究通过启停车数据进行叶片裂纹故障诊断的方法,提出基于非线性最小二乘拟合和AR方法相结合的基于叶片同步振动的叶片状态参数精确辨识方法,准确捕捉叶片的固有频率,通过固有频率的变化辨别叶片裂纹故障并进行早期预警。开展了仿真和实验研究,结果表明,共振中心在4 800r/min左右,升速速率30r/min/s时,本文所提出的方法可以达到万分之二的测量精度。搭建了叶片振动测量与故障预警试验台,实验研究结果表明,本文所提出的方法可以进行叶片的动频的精确识别。

Distribution and degradation kinetics of cyhalodiamide in Chinese rice field environment

Cyhalodiamide is a novel agrochemical which is effective against Lepidoptera pests,including Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,Chilo suppressalis,Pieris rapae,Plutella xylostella,Helicoverpa armigera,etc.In the study,a fast and accurate analytical method was developed to detect cyhalodiamide in Chinese typical rice field environment by a modified Qu ECh ERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Rugged,Safe)method with UPLC-MS/MS(ultra-high performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry).The mean recoveries of cyhalodiamide varied from 73.5% to 107.5%,with the RSDs from 1.2% to 10.7%.The limits of determination(LODs)were 0.0005 mg·kg^(-1),and the limits of quantitation(LOQs)were from 0.002 to 0.01 mg·kg^(-1)in all five matrices.This method was used to determine cyhalodiamide residues for studies of the distribution and degradation kinetics in rice field environment.The field trials results showed that cyhalodiamide was easily degradable and the half-lives were4.2–13.6 d in rice straw,8.77 d in paddy soil and 5.37–8.45 d in paddy water,respectively.The final residues of cyhalodiamide in brown rice were below 0.35 mg·kg^(-1).The used dosage of 33.75 g·hm^(-2)with pre-harvest interval(PHI)of 21 d and the maximum residue limit(MRL)of cyhalodiamide in rice at 0.1 mg·kg^(-1)were recommended,which would be safe to human health and environment.The developed analytical method will be useful to monitor cyhalodiamide residues and safety evaluation in rice environment.

Isolated coagulopathy without classic CRAB symptoms as the initial manifestation of multiple myeloma: A case report

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma patients usually present with CRAB symptoms(hypercalcemia,renal disease,anemia and bone diseases)as initial manifestations.Bleeding symptoms are less common,most of which result from thrombocytopenia or infiltration of plasmacytoma.Relatively,coagulopathy is not so common,especially isolated coagulopathy without CRAB manifestations,which is very rare.Herein,we report a 54-year old female who was hospitalized for intermittent and recurrent mild oral mucosal hemorrhage without other bleeding symptoms for almost one month or typical myeloma features.CASE SUMMARY Two months before admission,the patient underwent implantation of a permanent pacemaker due to sick sinus syndrome.Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were significantly prolonged.Factor X deficiency was demonstrated to account for the coagulation dysfunction.An M protein peak was shown by serum protein electrophoresis.26.11%of abnormal plasma cells were detected in bone marrow by flow cytometry,expressing CD38,CD138,CD56 and intracellular immunoglobulin Kappa light chain.Bone marrow biopsy also proved the presence of abnormal plasma cells,but Congo red stain was negative.The patient was finally diagnosed with multiple myeloma IgA-κtype.A literature review indicated that factor X deficiency was highly related to amyloidosis.Before bleeding signs,the patient had cardiac arrhythmia,enlargement of the heart,and progressive heart failure;thus,cardiac amyloidosis was suspected.CONCLUSION Bleeding related to coagulation dysfunction is uncommon in multiple myeloma,especially as the initial manifestation.Amyloidosis is a well-recognized cause of isolated acquired factor X deficiency.

Constructing a multifunctional mesoporous composite of metallic cobalt nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxides for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Electrochemical properties of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly hindered by both the insulating nature of elemental sulfur(i.e.,molecular S8)and the shuttling effect or sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfide intermediates(Li_(2)S_(n),3≤n≤8).In this paper,a three-dimensional mesoporous reduced graphene oxide-based nanocomposite,with the embedding of metallic Co nanoparticles and the doping of elemental N(Co/NrGO),and its simply ground mixture with powdered S at a mass ratio of 1:6(Co/NrGO/S)are prepared and used as cathode-/separator-coated interlayers and working electrodes in assembled Li-S cells,respectively.One of the effective cell configurations is to paste composite Co/NrGO onto both the S-loading cathode and separator,showing good cycling stability(1070mAh g^(−1) in the 100th cycle at 0.2 C),highrate capability(835mAh g^(−1),2.0 C),and excellent durability(905mAh g^(−1) in the 250th cycle at 0.5 or 0.2 C).Compared with the experimental results of Co-absent NrGO,electrochemical properties of various Co/NrGO-based cell configurations clearly show multiple functions of Co/NrGO,indicating that the absence of Co/NrGO coatings and/or Co nanoparticles may be inadequate to achieve superior S availability of assembled Li-S batteries.

Sealing of Ejection Hole at the Bottom of Projectile for Wired Transmission System of Penetration Data

It is difficult to find the projectile when people want to get the penetration data in a hard recovery method,so a recovery system of penetration data is designed based on an ejection mode from the projectile base and a method of wired transmission,at the same time,the system was sealed with a designed sealing device,the working principle of which was introduced.Using Fluent as the simulation platform,the transient pressure of seal cavity was simulated based on the change of chamber pressure,and steady-state pressure of seal clearance and seal cavity were simulated based on the maximum chamber pressure.The sealing performance was tested by apressure test system.The results of simulation and experiment show that the maximum pressure of seal cavity is 139.4kPa when the maximum chamber pressure is 242.9MPa and the maximum temperature of gunpowder explosive gas is2 166.5K,so the sealing performance can be assured.The sealing device can be taken as a reference in sealing research on gunpowder gas at the bottom of projection.

How bead shapes affect the plasma streamer characteristics in packed-bed dielectric barrier discharges:a kinetic modeling study

Different shapes of dielectric packing beads could affect streamer propagating direction,plasma streamer behavior,and streamer types,such as surface discharge,surface-to-surface discharge,and volume discharge.In this paper,a 2D particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model is used to investigate the effect of the bead shapes on streamer characteristics in packed-bed dielectric barrier discharges.We calculate the electron density,ion density,excitation rate,ionization rate and the electric field with different bead shapes in two cases of seed electron configurations.The results demonstrate that both the configurations of seed electrons and the shape of beads could influence plasma properties.In the case of seed electrons located directly above the beads,the streamer cannot be generated with square beads,while weak surface ionization waves(SIWs)are developed with circle and triangle beads,when the distance between the seed electrons and the upper plate is as close as 0.02 mm.Whereas,the distance between the seed electrons and the upper plate is 0.06 mm,the streamers can be generated with all three bead shapes,but SIWs are still weak.This is because different shapes of beads induce different electric field and surface charging along the dielectric bead surfaces,determining the generation of SIWs.In the case of seed electrons placed between two beads,streamers can propagate in all three bead shape configurations,and the SIWs are enhanced.

餐厨废弃油脂磺酸盐二元复合驱油效果评价

经磺化反应制备了餐厨废弃油脂磺酸盐(KWOS),通过降低油水间界面张力性能、热稳定性能、抗钙镁离子性能和吸附损耗性能实验评价了KWOS溶液与原油间界面张力的适应性能。配制KWOS和聚丙烯酰胺的二元复合体系开展驱油实验,分析岩心渗透率和KWOS质量分数对该体系驱油效果的影响。结果表明:随着KWOS质量分数增加,油水间的界面张力逐渐降低,当质量分数达到0.175%时,油水界面张力即可降至10^(-3) mN/m数量级。KWOS溶液与原油间的界面张力随热稳定时间增长、钙镁离子总质量浓度增大和吸附损耗有所增加,但仍能够维持在10^(-3) mN/m数量级。随着岩心渗透率降低和KWOS质量分数增加,二元复合体系提高原油采收率均呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,当岩心渗透率为0.421μm^(2)、KWOS质量分数为0.3%时,二元复合体系提高的原油采收率最高。

A Combined Alignment Method for Strapdown Inertial Navigation System on Stationary Base

Owing to the weak observability of the azimuth misalignment angle,alignment accuracy and time are always the contradictory issues in the initial alignment process of Strapdown Inertial Navigation System(SINS),which requires a compromise between them.In this paper,a combined alignment mechanism is proposed to construct an observable and controllable system model,which can effectively achieve higher azimuth alignment accuracy during the fixed time period.First,the Reduced Order Kalman Filter(ROKF)alignment algorithm was utilized to calculate the misalignment angles in parallel with the classical gyrocompass alignment algorithm.Then,the misalignment angles calculated by the gyrocompass alignment method were used to formulate the augmented measurement model with zero velocity models.Finally,the zero velocity model of the ROKF method was switched into the augmented measurement model when the azimuth misalignment angle of the gyrocompass alignment method was close to steady situation.The combined alignment method was analyzed reasonably by the observability and the mathematical deduction.The comparison results of the numerical simulation and the experimental data test showed that the combined method had good performance in terms of estimation accuracy and consistency of the alignment results.

Fetuin-A is an immunomodulator and a potential therapeutic option in BMP4-dependent heterotopic ossification and associated bone mass loss

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites.However,the mechanisms linking HO pathogenesis with bone mass dysfunction remain unclear.Here,we showed that mice harboring injury-induced and BMP4-dependent HO exhibit bone mass loss similar to that presented by patients with HO.Moreover,we found that injury-induced hyperinflammatory responses at the injury site triggered HO initiation but did not result in bone mass loss at 1 day post-injury(dpi).In contrast,a suppressive immune response promoted HO propagation and bone mass loss by 7 dpi.Correcting immune dysregulation by PD1/PDL1 blockade dramatically alleviated HO propagation and bone mass loss.We further demonstrated that fetuin-A(FetA),which has been frequently detected in HO lesions but rarely observed in HO-adjacent normal bone,acts as an immunomodulator to promote PD1 expression and M2 macrophage polarization,leading to immunosuppression.Intervention with recombinant FetA inhibited hyperinflammation and prevented HO and associated bone mass loss.Collectively,our findings provide new insights into the osteoimmunological interactions that occur during HO formation and suggest that FetA is an immunosuppressor and a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of HO.

Silencing lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4 inhibits the proliferation,invasion and RACGAP1 expression of Huh-7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Objective:To study the effect of lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4 silencing on the proliferation and invasion of huh-7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and its possible regulatory relationship with RACGAP1.Methods:The TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)database was used to analyze the expression of lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4 in liver cancer and normal tissues and the correlation with the expression of RACGAP1.CTD-2510F5.4 silencing test was performed on Huh-7 human liver cancer cells,and PCR was used to verify its silencing efficiency.CCK8,Transwell,flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation,invasion,and apoptosis,RTPCR,and Western blot.Detect the expression level of RACGAP1.Results:In the TCGA database,lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4 was highly expressed in liver cancer tissues,and it was positively correlated with the expression of RACGAP1(R=0.85).After silencing CTD-2510F5.4,the proliferation and invasion of huh-7 human liver cancer cells were inhibited,apoptosis increased,and the mRNA and protein expression of RACGAP1 were downregulated.Conclusion:lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4 may be the oncogenic lncRNA of liver cancer,and RACGAP1 may be the target of lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4.Silencing CTD-2510F5.4 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of huh-7 human liver cancer cells,and promote apoptosis,which may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of RACGAP1.

Research on the Revitalization of Rural Talents under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,it has provided multiple assistance for the development of the vast number of villages in China.Talents are the key to the revitalization and development of the countryside.Only when a large number of high-quality talents take root in the countryside and help the rural construction in different fields can we give full play to the role of talents in promoting rural development.This paper takes the rural areas of China as the research object,analyzes the current situation of the development of rural talents,discusses the problems existing in the development of rural human resources,and puts forward effective measures for the revitalization of rural talents,to provide a solid theoretical basis for the better development of the countryside.