SAPT:a synchrotron-based proton therapy facility in Shanghai

Because of its excellent dose distribution,proton therapy is becoming increasingly popular in the medical application of cancer treatment.A synchrotron-based proton therapy facility was designed and constructed in Shanghai.The synchrotron,beam delivery system,and other technical systems were commissioned and reached their expected performances.After a clinical trial of 47 patients was finished,the proton therapy facility obtained a registration certificate from the National Medical Products Administration.The characteristics of the accelerator and treatment systems are described in this article.

中西医整合理念在肝癌诊治中的应用

随着肿瘤学科分支越来越细,其不足之处也逐渐显现.现代医学思维模式下,肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)的诊治也存在着过于细化,碎片化的趋势,这导致HCC诊治缺乏整体观.随着医学的发展,临床对HCC的治疗越来越强调个体化、整体化及整合理念的应用.本文从当今整合医学角度出发,把HCC的诊治过程视为一个有机的、具有中西医整合特征的全身性疾病,提出单纯消灭癌灶不等于治愈了HCC.同时指出,在临床实践中需要有机地运用基础临床整合、医学药学整合、中医西医整合、局部整体整合的思路对HCC进行重新的再认识,以期发现HCC诊治的新方法,新思路,建立新的HCC整合治疗医学观.

Quasicrystal dissolution and performance of isothermally heat-treated Mg–Zn–Y alloy

Conventional casting method was employed to prepare Mg–Zn–Y alloy only with a-Mg+I-phase; however, the grain size of quasicrystal is quite large in the ascast state.Therefore, isothermal treatment was applied to refine the quasicrystal phase.The result shows that after the Mg–Zn–Y alloy was isothermally treated at 500 °C for several hours, the coarse quasicrystal can be gradually dissolved and thus refined.Generally, the dissolving processes of quasicrystal are slow first and then accelerate;after isothermally treated with 8 h at 500 °C, the quasicrystal is almost completely dissolved into the matrix only with 1–5 lm tiny quasicrystals remained.Refinement of quasicrystal can markedly reduce the wear resistance, but increase the corrosion resistance.

Advancements in diagnosis and treatment of meningeal carcinomatosis in solid cancer

Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) is a disease that malignant tumor cells cultivate in the cerebrospinal fluid or meninges. With the development of therapy methods and new techniques, survival time of patients with tumor is prolonged, and the incidence of MC is increasing. Diagnosis is based on the evaluation of clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging findings. Furthermore, in recent years, the diagnostic value of the tumor-derived cell-free DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is promising and may improve the diagnostic yield of CSF analysis. Traditional treatments of MC include surgery, radiation therapy, systemic therapy, and intrathecal therapy. Recently, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy have received more and more attention. The authors review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of MC in solid cancer, and discuss the diagnosis and treatment options currently available as well as those under investigation.

Simultaneous determination of tyrosine and dopamine in urine samples using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence coupled with second-order calibration

A ＂green＂ and quick analytical method for complex compounds was developed for simultaneous determination of tyrosine （Tyr） and dopamine （DA） in urine samples in this paper. The three-way responsive data recorded by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence （EEM） spectrometer was analyzed using second-order calibration methods based on both parallel factor analysis （PARAFAC） and self- weighted alternating trilinear decomposition （SWATLD） algorithms. The EEM spectra of the analytes were overlapped with the background in urine samples. However the second-order advantage of both PARAFAC and SWATLD methods was exploited, even in the presence of unknown interferences and the satisfactory results can be obtained. Furthermore, the linear ranges of Tyr and DA were determined to be 0.042-6.42 p.g/mL and 0.18-4.43/ug]mL, respectively, and the accuracies of both methods were validated by the analytical figures of merit （FOM）.

Intrathecal dexamethasone and methotrexate treatment of neoplastic meningitis from solid tumors

Aim:Neoplastic meningitis(NM)from solid tumors is an advanced malignancy with poor prognosis.Intrathecal chemotherapy is a reliable treatment,and we have obtained some experiences in the treatment of NM with intrathecal dexamethasone and methotrexate(IT DXM and MTX).Methods:Retrospective study of 23 patients with NM from lung cancer(n=11),breast cancer(n=3),gastric cancer(n=1),malignant melanoma(n=1),unknown cancer(n=7)was conducted.Among these patients,eight received IT DXM and MTX treatment,and 15 patients were placed into a palliative care group.Overall survival(OS)was compared,and the patients’characteristics,symptoms,and some laboratory examinations were analyzed to find the risk factors affecting OS.Results:OS of IT DXM and MTX group was significantly longer than that of the palliative care group(P=0.01).The median survival(MS)of palliative care group was 7.53 weeks(5.50-9.57;n=15),and of the IT DXM and MTX group,28.63 weeks(12.50-44.75;n=8);IT DXM and MTX prolonged the OS of NM patients(regression coefficient=−2.923),with odds ratio(OR)being 0.054(0.09-0.323).Spinal nerves damage decreased the OS(regression coefficient=1.595),with OR being 4.928(1.382-17.579).Conclusion:IT DXM and MTX have prolonged the patients’MS,which could be used as a fundamental treatment of NM.Time of induction treatment should be flexible and individualized,and induction treatment could restart when central nervous system relapse.Patients with spinal nerves damage are apt to live shorter.