无菌空气填充治疗大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔的疗效观察

目的:探讨无菌空气填充治疗大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性研究。共纳入2017-06/2018-05我院收治的特发性黄斑裂孔患者8例9眼,平均黄斑裂孔最小直径>700μm,平均黄斑裂孔基底部直径>1300μm,所有患者均行白内障超声乳化摘除及25G玻璃体切割联合内界膜填塞、无菌空气填充术。平均随访12mo,比较术前和术后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)及黄斑裂孔闭合情况。结果:末次随访时,所有患者黄斑裂孔均闭合,SD-OCT显示术后黄斑裂孔的闭合率为100%(9/9)。术后BCVA(LogMAR)较术前显着改善(0.83±0.26 vs 1.27±0.28),差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。所有患者术中及术后均未发生并发症。结论:无菌空气填充治疗大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔安全、有效。

IFT52 plays an essential role in sensory cilia formation and neuronal sensory function in Drosophila

Cilia are microtubule-based,hair-like organelles involved in sensory function or motility,playing critical roles in many physiological processes such as reproduction,or-gan development,and sensory perception.In insects,cilia are restricted to certain sensory neurons and sperms,being important for chemical and mechanical sensing,and fertility.Although great progress has been made regarding the mechanism of cilia assembly,the formation of insect cilia remains poorly understand,even in the insect model organism Drosophila.Intraflagellar transport(IFT)is a cilia-specific complex that traffics protein cargos bidirectionally along the ciliary axoneme and is essential for most cilia.Here we investigated the role of IFT52,a core component of IFT-B,in cilia/flagellar formation in Drosophila.We show that Drosophila IFT52 is distributed along the sensory neuronal cilia,and is essential for sensory cilia formation.Deletion of Ift52 results in severe defects in cilia-related sensory behaviors.It should be noted that IFT52 is not detected in sper-matocyte cilia or sperm flagella of Drosophila.Accordingly,ift52 mutants can produce sperms with normal motility,supporting a dispensable role of IFT in Drosophila sperm flagella formation.Altogether,IFT52 is a conserved protein essential for sensory cilia formation and sensory neuronal function in insects.

Perturbation of clopyralid on bio-denitrification and nitrite accumulation:Long-term performance and biological mechanism

The contaminant of herbicide clopyralid(3,6-dichloro-2-pyridine-carboxylic acid,CLP)poses a potential threat to the ecological system.However,there is a general lack of research devoted to the perturbation of CLP to the bio-denitrification process,and its biological response mechanism remains unclear.Herein,long-term exposure to CLP was systematically investigated to explore its influences on denitrification performance and dynamic microbial responses.Results showed that low-concentration of CLP(<15 mg/L)caused severe nitrite accumulation initially,while higher concentrations(35e60 mg/L)of CLP had no further effect after long-term acclimation.The mechanistic study demonstrated that CLP reduced nitrite reductase(NIR)activity and inhibited metabolic activity(carbon metabolism and nitrogen metabolism)by causing oxidative stress and membrane damage,resulting in nitrite accumulation.However,after more than 80 days of acclimation,almost no nitrite accumulation was found at 60 mg/L CLP.It was proposed that the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)increased from 75.03 mg/g VSS at 15 mg/L CLP to 109.97 mg/g VSS at 60 mg/L CLP,which strengthened the protection of microbial cells and improved NIR activity and metabolic activities.Additionally,the biodiversity and richness of the microbial community experienced a U-shaped process.The relative abundance of denitrification-and carbon metabolism-associated microorganisms decreased initially and then recovered with the enrichment of microorganisms related to the secretion of EPS and N-acyl-homoserine lactones(AHLs).These microorganisms protected microbe from toxic substances and regulated their interactions among interand intra-species.This study revealed the biological response mechanism of denitrification after successive exposure to CLP and provided proper guidance for analyzing and treating herbicide-containing wastewater.

A tartrate-EDTA-Fe complex mediates electron transfer and enhances ammonia recovery in a bioelectrochemical-stripping system

Traditional bioelectrochemical systems(BESs)coupled with stripping units for ammonia recovery suffer from an insufficient supply of electron acceptors due to the low solubility of oxygen.In this study,we proposed a novel strategy to efficiently transport the oxidizing equivalent provided at the stripping unit to the cathode by introducing a highly soluble electron mediator(EM)into the catholyte.To validate this strategy,we developed a new kind of iron complex system(tartrate-EDTA-Fe)as the EM.EDTA-Fe contributed to the redox property with a midpoint potential of
0.075 V(vs.standard hydrogen electrode,SHE)at pH 10,whereas tartrate acted as a stabilizer to avoid iron precipitation under alkaline conditions.At a ratio of the catholyte recirculation rate to the anolyte flow rate(RC-A)of 12,the NH4 t-N recovery rate in the system with 50mM tartrate-EDTA-Fe complex reached 6.9±0.2 g Nm^(-2) d^(-1),approximately 3.8 times higher than that in the non-EM control.With the help of the complex,our system showed an NH4 t-N recovery performance comparable to that previously reported but with an extremely low RC-A(0.5 vs.288).The strategy proposed here may guide the future of ammonia recovery BES scale-up because the introduction of an EM allows aeration to be performed only at the stripping unit instead of at every cathode,which is beneficial for the system design due to its simplicity and reliability.