胆汁反流性胃炎病因病机及诊治进展

胆汁反流性胃炎(bile reflux gastritis, BRG)是消化科常见疾病,以腹痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等为临床特点,严重影响患者生活质量.但目前其病因及发病机制尚不清楚,可能与胃肠道手术、胆囊疾病、幽门螺杆菌感染、精神心理等因素有关,其诊断方法较多,但缺少统一诊断标准,目前对其治疗多是对症治疗,但总体疗效欠佳.本文对BRG的病因、发病机制、诊断及治疗进行了综述,以期为进一步研究BRG提供参考.

Influence of Fe addition on phase transformation behavior of Ni Ti shape memory alloy

Three different NiTi-based alloys,whose nominal compositions were Ni50Ti50,Ni49Ti49Fe2,Ni45Ti51.8Fe3.2(molefraction,%),respectively,were used in the current research to understand the influence of Fe addition on phase transformationbehavior in NiTi shape memory alloy(SMA).The microstructure and phase transformation behavior of the alloys were investigatedby optical microscopy(OM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and differential scanningcalorimetry(DSC)analysis.The results show that the matrix of the Ni50Ti50alloy consists of both B19′(martensite)phase and B2(austenite)phase.Moreover,the substructures of twins could be observed in the B19′phase.However,the ternary alloys of NiTiFeexhibit B2phase in the microstructures.Such microstructures were also characterized by large presence of Ti2Ni precipitatesdispersed homogenously in the matrix of the two kinds of alloys.The addition of Fe to the NiTi SMA results in the decrease in phasetransformation temperatures in the ternary alloys.Based on mechanism analysis,it can be concluded that this phenomenon isprimarily attributed to atom relaxation of the distorted lattice induced by Ni-antisite defects and Fe substitutions during phasetransformation,which enables stabilization of B2phase during phase transformation.

Electrodeposition of chitosan/graphene oxide conduit to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration

Currently available commercial nerve guidance conduits have been applied in the repair of peripheral nerve defects.However,a conduit exhibiting good biocompatibility remains to be developed.In this work,a series of chitosan/graphene oxide(GO)films with concentrations of GO varying from 0-1 wt%(collectively referred to as CHGF-n)were prepared by an electrodeposition technique.The effects of CHGF-n on proliferation and adhesion abilities of Schwann cells were evaluated.The results showed that Schwann cells exhibited elongated spindle shapes and upregulated expression of nerve regeneration-related factors such as Krox20(a key myelination factor),Zeb2(essential for Schwann cell differentiation,myelination,and nerve repair),and transforming growth factorβ(a cytokine with regenerative functions).In addition,a nerve guidance conduit with a GO content of 0.25%(CHGFC-0.25)was implanted to repair a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats.The results indicated improvements in sciatic functional index,electrophysiology,and sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle histology compared with the CHGFC-0 group,and similar outcomes to the autograft group.In conclusion,we provide a candidate method for the repair of peripheral nerve defects using free-standing chitosan/GO nerve conduits produced by electrodeposition.

Constitutive equation and processing map of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy under hot plastic deformation

In order to describe the deformation behavior and the hot workability of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) during hot deformation, Arrhenius-type constitutive equation and hot processing map of the alloy were developed by hot compression tests at temperatures ranging from 500 to 1100 °C and strain rates ranging from 0.0005 to 0.5 s?1. The results show that the instability region of the hot processing map increases with the increase of deformation extent. The instability occurs in the low and high temperature regions. The instability region presents the adiabatic shear bands at low temperatures, but it exhibits the abnormal growth of the grains at high temperatures. Consequently, it is necessary to avoid processing the equiatomic NiTi SMA in these regions. It is preferable to process the NiTi SMA at the temperatures ranging from 750 to 900 °C.

Relationship of Microvascular Obstruction with Global and Regional Myocardial Function Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance after ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objective To investigate the impact of microvascular obstruction(MVO)on the global and regional myocardial function by cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking(CMR-FT)in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods Consecutive acute STEMI patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging 1-7 days after successful reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention treatment were included in this retrospective study.Based on the presence or absence of MVO on late gadolinium enhancement images,patients were divided into groups with MVO and without MVO.The infarct zone,adjacent zone,and remote zone were determined based on a myocardial 16-segment model.The radial strain(RS),circumferential strain(CS),and longitudinal strain(LS)of the global left ventricle(LV)and the infarct,adjacent,and remote zones were measured by CMRFT from cine images and compared between patients with and without MVO using independent-samples t-test.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of MVO with the impaired LV function.Results A total of 157 STEMI patients(mean age 56.66±11.38 years)were enrolled.MVO was detected in 37.58%(59/157)of STEMI patients,and the mean size of MVO was 3.00±3.76 mL.Compared with patients without MVO(n=98),the MVO group had significantly reduced LV global RS(t=-4.30,P<0.001),global CS(t=4.99,P<0.001),and global LS(t=3.51,P=0.001).The RS and CS of the infarct zone in patients with MVO were significantly reduced(t=-3.38,P=0.001;t=2.64,P=0.01;respectively)and the infarct size was significantly larger(t=8.37,P<0.001)than that of patients without MVO.The presence of LV MVO[OR=4.10,95%CI:2.05-8.19,P<0.001]and its size[OR=1.38,95%CI:1.10-1.72,P=0.01],along with the heart rate and LV infarct size were significantly associated with impaired LV global CS in univariable Logistic regression analysis,while only heart rate(OR=1.08,95%CI:1.03-1.13,P=0.001)and LV infarct size(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.03-1.16,P=0.003)were independent influencing factors for the impaired LV global CS in multivariable Logistic regression analysis.Conclusion The infarct size was larger in STEMI patients with MVO,and MVO deteriorates the global and regional LV myocardial function.

Laser shaping and optical power limiting of pulsed Laguerre–Gaussian laser beams of high-order radial modes in fullerene C60

We study the strong nonlinear optical dynamics of nanosecond pulsed Laguerre–Gaussian laser beams of high-order radial modes with zero orbital angular momentum propagating in the fullerene C60molecular medium. It is found that the spatiotemporal profile of the incident pulsed Laguerre–Gaussian laser beam is strongly reshaped during its propagation in the C60molecular medium. The centrosymmetric temporal profile of the incident pulse gradually evolves into a noncentrosymmetric meniscus shape, and the on-axis pulse duration is clearly depressed. Furthermore, the field intensity is distinctly attenuated due to the field-intensity-dependent reverse saturable absorption, and clear optical power limiting behavior is observed for different orders of the input pulsed Laguerre–Gaussian laser beams before the takeover of the saturation effect;the lower the order of the Laguerre–Gaussian beam, the lower the energy transmittance.

Complex-amplitude Fourier single-pixel imaging via coherent structured illumination

We propose a method of complex-amplitude Fourier single-pixel imaging(CFSI)with coherent structured illumination to acquire both the amplitude and phase of an object.In the proposed method,an object is illustrated by a series of coherent structured light fields,which are generated by a phase-only spatial light modulator,the complex Fourier spectrum of the object can be acquired sequentially by a single-pixel photodetector.Then the desired complex-amplitude image can be retrieved directly by applying an inverse Fourier transform.We experimentally implemented this CFSI with several different types of objects.The experimental results show that the proposed method provides a promising complex-amplitude imaging approach with high quality and a stable configuration.Thus,it might find broad applications in optical metrology and biomedical science.

Optical power limiting of ultrashort hyper-Gaussian pulses in cascade three-level system

Propagation of strong femtosecond hyper-Gaussian pulses in a cascade three-level molecular system is studied by solving numerically the Maxwell–Bloch equations by the iterative predictor-corrector finite-difference time-domain method.Optical power limiting behavior induced by strong nonlinear two-photon absorption is observed for different orders of the femtosecond hyper-Gaussian pulses. Pulses of a higher order temporal profile are found to have a wider power range of optical limiting but a larger output saturation intensity. Both the output saturation value and the damage threshold of optical power limiting decrease with pulse duration increasing. The decrease of the pulse area along the pulse propagation is much slower than that obtained from the two-photon area theorem due to invalidity of the slowly varying amplitude approximation and the monochromatic field hypothesis.

Pulmonary hypertension,nephrotic syndrome,and polymyositis due to hepatitis C virus infection:A case report

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C infection not only damages the liver but also often accompanies many extrahepatic manifestations.Incidences of pulmonary hypertension(PH)caused by hepatitis C are rare,and incidences of concurrent nephrotic syndrome and polymyositis are even rarer.CASE SUMMARY Herein we describe the case of a 57-year-old woman who was admitted to our department for intermittent chest tightness upon exertion for 5 years,aggravated with dyspnea for 10 d.After relevant examinations she was diagnosed with PH,nephrotic syndrome,and polymyositis due to chronic hepatitis C infection.A multi-disciplinary recommendation was that the patient should be treated with sildenafil and macitentan in combination and methylprednisolone.During treatment autoimmune symptoms,liver function,hepatitis C RNA levels,and cardiac parameters of right heart catheterization were monitored closely.The patient showed significant improvement in 6-min walking distance from 100 to 300 m at 3-mo follow-up and pulmonary artery pressure drops to 50 mmHg.Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm further efficacy and safety.CONCLUSION Increasing evidence supports a relationship between hepatitis C infection and diverse extrahepatic manifestations,but it is very rare to have PH,nephrotic syndrome,and polymyositis in a single patient.We conducted a literature review on the management of several specific extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C.

What is responsible for acute myocardial infarction in combination with aplastic anemia? A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Aplastic anemia(AA)complicated with myocardial infarction(MI)is rare and associated with poor prognosis.Here,we present a case of AA with recurrent acute MI(AMI)in a patient treated with cyclosporine A(CsA)and stanozolol.In this patient,we suspect the long-term use of medication linked to platelets hyperfunction.CASE SUMMARY In 2017,a 45-year-old man was rushed to the emergency department of China-Japan Union Hospital due to precordial pain for 5 h.Based on his symptoms,medical history,blood tests,and findings from coronary angiography(CAG),the patient was diagnosed with acute anterior wall,ST-segment elevated MI,Killip II grade,AA,and dyslipidemia.In 2021,the patient was readmitted to the hospital for 2 h due to chest pain.Because the patient’s platelet count was 30×109/L and he had severe thrombocytopenia,we performed CAG following platelet transfusion.Optical coherence tomography revealed lipid plaque and thrombus mass in his right coronary artery.The antithrombotic approach was adjusted to employ only anticoagulants(factor Xa inhibitors)and adenosine diphosphate inhibitors(clopidogrel)after assessing the risk of bleeding/thrombotic events.Long-term follow-up revealed that the patient had made a good recovery.CONCLUSION Patients with AA should be closely monitored for the risk of thrombosis and cardiovascularevents, particularly when taking stanozolol or CsA for an extended period of time.

Successful treatment of pancreatic accessory splenic hamartoma by laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy:A case report

BACKGROUND Pancreatic accessory spleen(PAS)is an uncommon congenital abnormality of the spleen.Spleen hamartoma(SH)is also rare.Moreover,hamartoma in the PAS has not been reported thus far.We report the first case here.CASE SUMMARY A 26-year-old male presented with a one-month history of left upper quadrant abdominal pain,and computerized tomography(CT)examination suggested a mass in the pancreas tail.The patient then attended our hospital for diagnosis and treatment.Ultrasonography,CT,and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid mass with cystic degeneration growing from the tail of the pancreas.The tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)increased to 96.7 U/mL(normal range 0-37 U/mL).An epidermoid cyst in a PAS was considered preoperatively.However,a malignant tumor cannot be ruled out.We performed laparoscopic surgery,and two pancreatic masses were found growing from the pancreatic tail.The two masses were so closely connected that preoperative imaging examinations suggested only one mass.We carefully isolated the masses from the splenic artery and vein.A laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy was successfully performed.On pathological examination,the masses were well-defined,homogeneous red-tan,4×3,and 4.5×1.5 in size,respectively.One of them was cystically degenerated.On microscopical examination,the mass contained unorganized small slit-like vascular channels enclosing red blood cells and lined with plump endothelial cells.No area of cytologic atypia was identified.Focal lymphoid aggregates were found in the intravascular areas.White pulp or fibrosis was not observed.The final diagnosis was pancreatic accessory SH with cystic degeneration.After the operation,CA19-9 was reduced to normal.The patient recovered well,and the 34-mo follow-up period was uneventful.CONCLUSION Here,we report the first case of pancreatic accessory SH.A laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy was successfully performed.The patient recovered well and had a good prognosis.

Spontaneous dissection of proximal left main coronary artery in a healthy adolescent presenting with syncope:A case report

BACKGROUND Spontaneous coronary artery dissection(SCAD)is a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome in young to middle-aged women with few or no traditional cardiovascular risk factors.Chest pain is the most frequently described presenting symptom,but syncope is extremely rare.Herein,we report on a 16-year-old girl who presented with an episode of syncope occurring during a race.Despite significantly elevated troponin level,the diagnosis of the left main coronary artery SCAD with cardiogenic shock was delayed.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old girl presented with an episode of syncope.Myocardial injury markers were positive.Echocardiography showed a mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(50%).Although initially stable,she later experienced recurrent chest pain accompanying precordial ST segment elevation with dynamic changes and developed cardiogenic shock,necessitating emergent revascularization.Coronary angiography demonstrated almost total occlusion at the ostium and proximal segment of the left main trunk coronary artery(LMT).Intravascular ultrasound confirmed a false lumen with prominent dissection in the LMT.Percutaneous coronary intervention assisted by intra-aortic balloon pump was conducted in the LMT.A 3.5 mm×24 mm everolimus-eluting stent was deployed to the focal lesions of the LMT.A postprocedural electrocardiogram showed alleviation of the precordial ST-segment elevation.The diagnosis of SCAD was confirmed.Transthoracic echocardiography showed an improved left ventricular ejection fraction(57%).The patient was asymptomatic during the 24-mo.follow-up period.CONCLUSION SCAD should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome presentations in low-risk patients,regardless of age.

Study on mechanism of Simiao Yong'an Decoction in treatment of deep venous thrombosis based on network pharmacology

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Simiao Yong'an Decoction in treating deep venous thrombosis based on the method of network pharmacology.Methods:Through TCMSP database,the effective components of each traditional Chinese medicine in Simiao Yong'an Decoction were obtained and their targets were predicted.The targets of deep venous thrombosis were collected by CTD database,and the key targets were obtained by intersection of the component targets and the disease targets;Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)network was constructed by String database.The drugs-components-targets-disease network map was constructed by using the software of Cytoscape 3.7.2.GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment of Simiao Yong'an Decoction in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis were analyzed by using the plug-in of ClueGo.Results:121 effective components and 137 potential targets of Simiao Yong'an Decoction were obtained.There were 1172 targets of deep venous thrombosis.There were 214 biological processes analyzed by GO Biological Process and 72 pathways analyzed by KEGG analysis.Conclusion:Simiao Yong'an Decoction may act on ESR1,AR,PTGS2 and other key targets,as well as AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,RLX signaling pathway and other pathways to treat deep venous thrombosis.

Correlation of Commonly Used Anthropometric Parameters with FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C

Objective:To investigate the relationship between body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),hip circumference(HC),waist-hip ratio(WHR),waist height ratio(WHtR),fasting blood glucose(FPG),fasting blood glucose variation(FPG-CV)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C)to provide a reference for predicting the risk and development trend of diabetes mellitus.Methods:From October 2016 to December 2017,111 subjects from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected to measure their height and weight.BMI,WHR and WHtR were calculated and the concentrations of FPG and HbA1C were detected.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS21.0 software,and the data were processed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results:The concentration dependence of WHtR,FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C were more closely related.There was a significant difference between WHtR and FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C by multiple linear regression analysis(t=8.531,6.910 and 6.905,respectively,P<0.01),and the correlation coefficient was 0.633,0.552 and 0.552 respectively(P<0.01).Conclusion:There is a significant correlation between WHtR and FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C.Therefore,measuring the height and waist circumference for the predictive potential of diabetes needs to be emphasized and intensified.

Application of Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with sulfasalazine in ulcerative colitis patients demonstrates significant effectiveness

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a complex inflammatory bowel disease,and its etiology and pathogenesis remain incompletely elucidated.AIM To analyze the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with sulfasalazine on intestinal microbiota and intestinal barrier function in patients with UC.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 127 UC patients admitted to our hospital between January 2021 and January 2023 was conducted.All patients met complete inclusion and exclusion criteria.Based on the treatment interventions received,they were divided into a control group(n=63)and an observation group(n=64).Both groups of patients received routine treatment upon admission.The control group received sulfasalazine in addition to routine interventions,while the observation group received a combination of Saccharomyces boulardii on the basis of the control group’s treatment.The clinical efficacy,improvement in symptoms,modified Baron endoscopic scores,quality of life“inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire(IBDQ)”,levels of intestinal microbial indicators(such as Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,and Escherichia coli),intestinal mucosal barrier function indicators[diamine oxidase(DAO),lipopolysaccharide(LPS),D-lactic acid(D-LA)],and adverse reaction occurrences were compared between the two groups.RESULTS(1)Clinical efficacy:The total effective rate in the control group was 79.37%,while in the observation group,it was 93.75%,significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);(2)Improvement in symptoms:The observation group showed significantly lower relief time for abdominal pain,diarrhea,rectal bleeding,fever symptoms,and mucosal healing time compared to the control group(P<0.05);(3)Baron endoscopic scores and IBDQ scores:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in Baron endoscopic scores and IBDQ scores between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after treatment,the observation group showed significantly lower Baron endoscopic scores and higher IBDQ scores compared to the control group(P<0.05);(4)Levels of intestinal microbial indicators:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the levels of Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,and Escherichia coli between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the levels of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);(5)Levels of intestinal mucosal barrier function indicators:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the levels of DAO,LPS,and D-LA between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after treatment,the levels of DAO,LPS,and D-LA in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);and(6)Occurrence of adverse reactions:The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 9.52%,while in the observation group,it was 10.94%.There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with sulfasalazine in UC patients demonstrates significant effectiveness.Compared to sole sulfasalazine intervention,the combined application of Saccharomyces boulardii further promotes the relief of relevant symptoms in patients,alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation,and improves the quality of life.Its action may be related to rectifying the imbalance in intestinal microbiota and improving intestinal mucosal barrier function.Moreover,the combined use of Saccharomyces boulardii does not increase the risk of adverse reactions in patients,indicating a higher level of medication safety and advocating for its clinical promotion and application.

Geodynamics of decratonization and related magmatism and mineralization in the North China Craton

The North China Craton(NCC)experienced strong destruction(i.e.,decratonization)during the Mesozoic,which triggered intensive magmatism,tectonism and thermal events and formed large-scale gold and other metal deposits in the eastern part of the craton.However,how the decratonization controls the formation and distribution of large-scale of gold and other metal deposits is not very clear.Based on a large number of published data and new results,this paper systematically summarizes all the data for the rock assemblages,chronology,geochemistry and petrogenesis of Mesozoic magmatic rocks,as well as for the mineralizing ages of gold and other metal deposits and the evolution of the Mesozoic basins in the eastern NCC.The results are used to restore the extensional rates of Mesozoic to Cenozoic basins and the strike-slip distance of the Tanlu Fault,to ascertain the location of the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction zones during the Mesozoic to Cenozoic,and to reconstruct the temporal and spatial distribution of Mesozoic gold and other metal deposits and magmatic rocks in the eastern NCC.It is obtained that the magmatism and mineralization in the eastern NCC westward migrate from east to west during the Early to Middle Jurassic,but they eastward migrate from west to east during the Early Cretaceous.The metallogenesis of these deposits is genetically related to magmatism,and the magmas provided some ore-forming materials and fluids for the generation of metal deposits.The geodynamic mechanism of decratonization and related magmatism and mineralization is proposed,i.e.,the westward low-angle subduction of the Paleo-Pacific slab beneath the NCC formed continental magmatic arc with plenty of porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposits in the Jurassic,similar to the Andean continental arc in South America.The mantle wedge was metasomatized by the fluids/melts derived from the subducting slab,laying a material foundation for hydrothermal mineralization in the Early Cretaceous.While the rollback of the subducting slab with gradually increasing subduction angle and the retreat of the subduction zones during the Early Cretaceous induced strong destruction of the craton and the formation of extensive magmatic rocks and large-scale gold and other metal deposits.

Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Metformin Inhibits Salt-Sensitive Hypertension via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Neurohormonal Excitation in Rat Paraventricular Nucleus

Metformin(MET), an antidiabetic agent, also has antioxidative effects in metabolic-related hypertension.This study was designed to determine whether MET has anti-hypertensive effects in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats by inhibiting oxidative stress in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN). Salt-sensitive rats received a highsalt(HS) diet to induce hypertension, or a normal-salt(NS)diet as control. At the same time, they received intracerebroventricular(ICV) infusion of MET or vehicle for 6 weeks. We found that HS rats had higher oxidative stress levels and mean arterial pressure(MAP) than NS rats. ICV infusion of MET attenuated MAP and reduced plasma norepinephrine levels in HS rats. It also decreased reactive oxygen species and the expression of subunits of NAD(P)H oxidase, improved the superoxide dismutase activity,reduced components of the renin-angiotensin system, and altered neurotransmitters in the PVN. Our findings suggest that central MET administration lowers MAP in saltsensitive hypertension via attenuating oxidative stress,inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system, and restoring the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the PVN.

Influence of Fe Addition on Phase Transformation,Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Equiatomic NiTi Shape Memory Alloy

Based on equiatomic nickel and titanium, three kinds of NiTiFe alloys with a nominal chemical composition of Ni49Ti49Fe2, Ni48Ti48Fe4 and Ni47Ti47Fe6 （at.%）, respectively, have been designed to investigate the influence of the addition of Fe element on phase transformation, microstructure and mechanical property of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy. The microstructures of three kinds of NiTiFe alloys are characterized by the equiaxed grains instead of the dendrites. Consequently, some Ti2Ni precipitates are found to distribute in the grains interior and at the grain boundaries. The content of Fe element has an important influence on mechanical property of NiTiFe alloy. With increasing content of Fe element, the strength of NiTiFe alloy increases substantially, but the plasticity decreases sharply. It can be concluded that pre- cipitation strengthening and solution strengthening play a significant role in enhancing the strength of NiTiFe alloy. In the case of three NiTiFe alloys, neither martensitic transformation nor reverse transformation can be observed in the range from -150 to 150 ~C. On the one hand, the phase transformation temperature is probably out of the scope of the present experimental temperature. On the other hand, the addition of Fe element probably suppresses first-order martensitic transformation or reverse transformation, and consequently the second-order-like phase transformation from an incom- mensurate stage to a commensurate stage can probably take place.

Novel aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery based on highly porous Bi_(2)WO6 and Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)MoO_(4) microspheres

Developing high performances aqueous rechargeable batteries is imperative and valuable.Herein,a novel aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery is developed based on highly porous Bi_(2)WO_(6) and Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)MoO_(4) microspheres as electrode active materials.Porous Bi_(2)WO6 microspheres assembled from nanosheets as anode active materials can afford a specific capacity of179.2 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1),rate capability of 74.7%in 1-20 A·g^(-1),and capacity retention of 57.2%for 1500 cycles at 15 A·g^(-1).Owing to the highly porous microsphere with’ribbon’-like and intertwined nanolayers morphology,the screened Co0.5Ni0.5MoO4 cathode active materials present an outstanding specific surface area of 293 m^(2)·g^(-1)and excellent electrochemical performance(such as superior specific capacity of 113.2 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1),high rate performance of 51.8%in 1-15 A·g^(-1),and good capacity retention of 48.5%for 4600 cycles at15 A·g^(-1)).The corresponding aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery delivers the maximum energy density and power density of 35.8 Wh·kg^(-1) and3238.5 W·kg^(-1),respectively.The present research would offer a worthwhile guidance for the effective construction of electrode active materials for aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth batteries.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of infantile hemangioma: a case-control study in Northwest China

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of infantile hemangioma in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China.Methods A total of 941 infants with infantile hemangioma were identified as subjects and matched with 941 infants of the same age without infantile hemangioma.Trained investigators used a standardized questionnaire to collect data from both groups,including demographic,prenatal,and perinatal characteristics.Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to screen risk factors.Results This study revealed that female (P < 0.001,OR =3.08,95% CI =2.54-3.74),maternal tea drinking (P< 0.001,OR =1.86,95% CI=1.32-2.61),low birthweight (P< 0.001,OR =3.01,95% CI=2.10-4.30),preterm (P< 0.001,OR =4.07,95% CI=2.73-6.09),gestational diabetes (P < 0.001,OR =2.03,95% CI =1.41-2.94),maternal progesterone use (P <0.001,OR =2.44,95% CI =1.83-3.25) and a history of hemangiomas in first-degree relatives (P <0.001,OR =1.80,95% CI =1.33-2.43) influenced the occurrence of infantile hemangioma.Female (P < 0.001,OR =2.82,95% CI =2.30-3.45),maternal progesterone use (P < 0.001,OR =14.64,95%CI =3.52-60.88) and a history of hemangiomas in first-degree relatives (P< 0.001,OR =0.011,95%CI =0.002-0.065) were independent risk factors for infantile hemangioma.Conclusions Female,maternal tea drinking,low birthweight,preterm,gestational diabetes,maternal progesterone use,and a history of hemangiomas in first-degree relatives may interact with each other leading to the occurrence of infantile hemangioma.