Detection of the Milky Way Reflex Motion Caused by the Magellanic Clouds in Different Observation Accuracy

Motivated by recent studies of the perturbation of the Magellanic Clouds(MCs)on the Milky Way(MW)and the planned multi-band wide-field deep survey named Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST),we explore the detection limit of the MW reflex motion due to the MCs infall in different observation precision using an MW-MCs-mass galaxy from MAGPIE simulation to provide a reference for the CSST survey.By involving different errors of distance,proper motion,and radial velocity,we investigate the reflex motion characterized by the velocity shift in each velocity component.We find the strongest shifts in the tangential velocities,which align with the motion direction of the MCs.In the ideal case that distance errors dominate,we find a relative distance error of 10%can allow the reliable detection of velocity shifts in tangential velocities within 100 kpc,and a relative distance error of 30%is the minimum requirement to detect the reliable tangential velocity shifts of about 40kms^(-1)within 50 kpc.Different errors of proper motions in combination with a relative distance error of 10%or 20%show an error of 0.1 mas yr^(-1)in proper motions can guarantee the reliable detection of velocity shifts in V_(l)and V_(b)up to 80-100 kpc and an error of 0.15 mas yr^(-1)is the minimum requirement.In the other ideal case that radial velocity errors dominate,we find a radial velocity error of 20kms^(-1)can present reliable reflex motion in line-of-sight velocity up to 70 kpc,while the detection volume will be reduced to 50 kpc as the radial velocity error increases to 40kms^(-1).When the radial velocity error is larger than 60kms^(-1),the velocity shifts cannot be detected anymore.In addition,we find that reliable detection of reflex motion requires at least 20%of the whole sample.

乳腺手术患者胸椎旁神经阻滞与胸神经阻滞效果比较的Meta分析

目的采用系统评价和Meta分析方法比较乳腺手术患者行胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)和胸神经阻滞(Pecs阻滞)的镇痛效果。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Ovid、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI、维普数据库、万方数据库和中国生物医学全文数据库,收集比较TPVB和PECS阻滞在乳腺手术麻醉镇痛效果的随机对照试验(RCT)。应用RevMan 5.2软件进行统计学分析。结果获得符合标准的6个RCT研究,共计323例,其中PECS阻滞组161例,TPVB组162例。Meta分析结果显示:PECS阻滞组术后镇痛药物使用量少于TPVB组[MD=1.350,95%CI(-2.240,-0.460)],TPVB组术后疼痛评分高于PECS阻滞组[MD=1.350,95%CI(-2.110,-0.590)],两组术后恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义[RR=0.930,95%CI(0.560,1.320)]。结论现有证据表明对于乳腺手术患者,PECS阻滞镇痛效果优于TPVB镇痛。

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant on serotonin transporter expression in rats with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome

AIM To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant(LGG-s) on the expression of serotonin transporter(SERT) in rats with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS).METHODS Campylobacter jejuni 81-176(1010 CFU/m L) was used to induce intestinal infection to develop a PI-IBS model. After evaluation of the post-infectious phase by biochemical tests, Dn A agarose gel electrophoresis, abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) test, and the intestinal motility test, four PI-IBS groups received different concentrations of LGG-s for 4 wk. The treatments were maintained for 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 wk during the experiment, and the colons and brains were removed for later use each week. SERT m Rn A and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS The levels of SERT m Rn A and protein in intestinal tissue were higher in rats treated with LGG-s than in control rats and PI-IBS rats gavaged with PBS during the whole study. Undiluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A level by 2.67 times compared with the control group by week 2, and SERT m Rn A expression kept increasing later. Double-diluted LGG-s was similar to undiluted-LGG-s, resulting in high levels of SERT m Rn A. Triple-diluted LGG-s up-regulated SERT m Rn A expression level by 6.9-times compared with the control group, but SERT m Rn A expression decreased rapidly at the end of the second week. At the first week, SERT protein levels were basically comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triplediluted LGG-s, which were higher than those in the control group and PBS-treated PI-IBS group. SERT protein levels in the intestine were also comparable in rats treated with undiluted LGG-s, double-diluted LGG-s, and triple-diluted LGG-s by the second and third weeks. SERT m Rn A and protein levels in the brain had no statistical difference in the groups during the experiment.CONCLUSION LGG-s can up-regulate SERT m Rn A and protein levels in intestinal tissue but has no influence in brain tissue in rats with PI-IBS.

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis in China(2018 edition)

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive inflammatory disease of pancreas that alters the organ’s normal structure and functions.CP seriously affects the quality of life of patients and greatly increases the public medical burden of society.In recent years,the incidence of CP has increased worldwide.The concepts of etiology and therapies have been continuously updated.