Clinical analysis of pipeline dredging agent poisoning:A case report

BACKGROUND Pipeline dredging agents are new household deep cleaning products used to dredge blockages in kitchen and bathroom pipeline caused by grease,hair,vegetable residue,paper cotton fibre,and other organic substances.Pipeline dredging agents are corrosive chemicals that can cause poisoning through corrosive damage to the digestive tract;however,this has not been reported clinically.Therefore,this report emphasises that oral pipeline dredging agent poisoning can cause corrosive damage to the digestive tract and may have serious health consequences.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man consumed liquor(200 m L) at approximately 13:00 on April 22,2021.At approximately 16:00,his family found him unresponsive with blackened lips,blood spots in the corners of the mouth,and blood stains on the ground,as well as an empty bottle of a pipeline dredging agent.One hour later,he was admitted to the emergency department of a local hospital.Considering the empty bottle,he was suspected to have sustained severe corrosive damage to the digestive tract and was transferred to our department at 23:15 on April 22,2021.He developed dysphagia and intermittent fever and experienced difficulty in opening his mouth throughout his hospital stay.The patient’s condition gradually stabilised.However,he suddenly developed respiratory failure on day 12,and endotracheal intubation and ventilator-assisted ventilation were performed.However,the patient died after 1.5 h despite emergency rescue efforts.CONCLUSION Pipeline dredging agents are highly corrosive and may cause corrosive damage to the digestive tract and asphyxia upon consumption.

A case of chemical eye injuries and aspiration pneumonia caused by occupational acute chemical poisoning

Dear editor,According to the China’s National Standard Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Diseases,occupational acute chemical poisoning refers to the short-term exposure of workers to several chemicals during production,resulting in corresponding organ damage.Herein,we report a case of chemical eye injuries and aspiration pneumonia caused by acute chemical poisoning in the chemical industry.

Numerical simulation of super-continuum laser propagation in turbulent atmosphere

Considering the atmospheric extinction and turbulence effects,we investigate the propagation performances of supercontinuum laser sources in atmospheric turbulence statistically by using the numerical simulation method,and the differences in propagation properties between the super-continuum(SC)laser and its pump laser are also analyzed.It is found that the propagation characteristics of super-continuum laser are almost similar to those of the pump laser.The degradation of source coherence degree may cause the relative beam spreading and scintillation indexes to decrease at different propagation distances or different turbulence strengths.The root-mean-square value of beam wandering is insensitive to the variation of source correlation length,and less aperture averaging occurs when the laser source becomes less coherent.Additionally,from the point of view of beam wandering,the SC laser has no advantage over the pump laser.Although the pump laser can bring about a bigger aperture average,the SC laser has a lower scintillation which may be due to the multiple wavelength homogenization effects on intensity fluctuations.This would be the most important virtue of the SC laser that can be utilized to improve the performance of laser engineering.

Neurotoxicity due to dimethylamine borane poisoning via skin absorption:a case report

Dear editor,Dimethylamine borane(DMAB,CAS no.74-94-2),also called boron-dimethylamine complex,is a white crystalline solid.It has an amine odour under mild conditions.[1]As an excellent reducing agent,DMAB is widely used in the semiconductor industry,pharmaceutical manufacturing,[2]oligomer and polymer production,and hydrogen storage.[3]Acute DMAB exposure may cause eye or respiratory irritation,throat discomfort,vomiting,diarrhoea,and pulmonary oedema.[1,4]Isolated reports indicated that DMAB exposure causes acute cerebellar oedema and peripheral neuropathy.[1,5,6]Herein,we report a case of DMAB poisoning via dermal absorption in which the central and peripheral nervous systems were the primary sites of toxic injury.We highlight the use of brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and electromyography(EMG)for evaluation after exposure.

Statistical culture-based strategies to enhance chlamydospore production by Trichoderma harzianum SH2303 in liquid fermentation

Trichoderma-based formulations are applied as commercial biocontrol agents for soil-borne plant path- ogens. Chlamydospores are active propagules in Trichoderma spp., but their production is currently limited due to a lack of optimal liquid fermentation technology. In this study, we explored response surface methodologies for opti- mizing fermentation technology in Trichoderma SH2303. Our initial studies, using the Plackett-Burman design, iden- tified cornmeal, glycerol, and initial pH levels as the most significant factors （P〈0.05） for enhancing the production of chlamydospores. Subsequently, we applied the Box-Behnken design to study the interactions between, and optimal levels of, a number of factors in chlamydospore production. These statistically predicted results indicated that the highest number of chlamydospores （3.6×108 spores/ml） would be obtained under the following condition： corn flour 62.86 g/L, glycerol 7.54 ml/L, pH 4.17, and 6-d incubation in liquid fermentation. We validated these predicted values via three repeated experiments using the optimal culture and achieved maximum chlamydospores of 4.5×108 spores/ml, which approximately a 8-fold increase in the number of chlamydospores produced by T. harzianurn SH2303 compared with that before optimization. These optimized values could help make chlamydospore production cost-efficient in the future development of novel biocontrol agents.

Revisiting nonfactorizable contributions to factorization-forbidden decays of B mesons to charmonium

Motivated by the large rates of B→(χc0,χc2,hc)K decays observed by the BABAR and Belle collaborations,we investigate the nonfactorizable contributions to these factorization-forbidden decays,which can occur through a gluon exchange between the cc system and the spectator quark.Our numerical results demonstrate that the spectator contributions are capable of producing a large branching ratio consistent with the experiments.As a by-product,we also study the Cabibbo-suppressed decays,such as B→(χc0,χc2,hc)πand the U-spin-related Bs decay,which have so far received less theoretical and experimental attention.The calculated branching ratios reach the order of 10−6,which is within the scope of the Belle-Ⅱ and LHCb experiments.Further,the CP-asymmetry parameters are also calculated for these decays.The obtained results are compared with the available experimental data and numbers from other predictions.We also investigate the sources of theoretical uncertainties in our calculation.

Self-Consistent Sources Extensions of Modified Differential-Difference KP Equation

In this paper, we investigate a modified differential-difference KP equation which is shown to have a continuum limit into the m KP equation. It is also shown that the solution of the modified differential-difference KP equation is related to the solution of the differential-difference KP equation through a Miura transformation. We first present the Grammian solution to the modified differential-difference KP equation, and then produce a coupled modified differential-difference KP system by applying the source generation procedure. The explicit N-soliton solution of the resulting coupled modified differential-difference system is expressed in compact forms by using the Grammian determinant and Casorati determinant. We also construct and solve another form of the self-consistent sources extension of the modified differential-difference KP equation, which constitutes a B?cklund transformation for the differentialdifference KP equation with self-consistent sources.