One-dimensional nanostructures(1D)with short ion diffusion distance and fast ion transport path are excellent for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). However, the nature of layered transition metal dichalcogenides makes it d...One-dimensional nanostructures(1D)with short ion diffusion distance and fast ion transport path are excellent for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). However, the nature of layered transition metal dichalcogenides makes it difficult to form 1D nanohybrids. Here, the MoTe_(2) nanorods with an average diameter of 100-200 nm and length of 1-3 μm encapsulated by reduced graphene oxide(MoTe_(2)/rGO) have been fabricated via in-situ reaction of GO coated Mo_3O_(10)(C_(2)H_(10)N_(2)) nanowires with Te under Ar/H_(2) atmosphere. When applied as anode of LIBs, the Mo Te_(2)/r GO delivers a high reversible capacity(637 m A h g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g^(-1)), good rate capability(374 m A h g^(-1) at 2 A g^(-1)) and excellent stability(360 m A h g^(-1) after 200 cycles at 0.5 A g^(-1)), which surpasses bare Mo Te2 nanorods and bulk Mo Te2 crystallite. Furthermore, a lithium-ion full cell constructed by coupling Mo Te2/r GO anode and LiCoO_(2) cathode shows a capacity of 105 m A h g^(-1) at 0.1 C. The enhanced performance mainly benefits from the advantages of 1D nanostructure, and meanwhile the r GO thin layers are able to improve the conductivity and maintain the structural stability. This work provides a simple pathway for the synthesis of 1D TMDs nanostructures for energy storage and conversion.展开更多
Mast cells(MCs)play an important role in the immune system.Through connective tissues,mechanical stimuli activate intracellular calcium signaling pathways,induce a variety of mediators including leukotriene C4(LTC4)re...Mast cells(MCs)play an important role in the immune system.Through connective tissues,mechanical stimuli activate intracellular calcium signaling pathways,induce a variety of mediators including leukotriene C4(LTC4)release,and affect MCs’microenvironment.This paper focuses on MCs’intracellular calcium dynamics and LTC4 release responding to mechanical stimuli,explores signaling pathways in MCs and the effect of interstitial fluid flow on the transport of biological messengers and feedback in the MCs network.We use a mathematical model to show that(i)mechanical stimuli including shear stress induced by interstitial fluid flow can activate mechano-sensitive(MS)ion channels on MCs’membrane and allow Ca^(2+)entry,which increases intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration and leads to LTC4 release;(ii)LTC4 in the extracellular space(ECS)acts on surface cysteinyl leukotriene receptors(LTC4R)on adjacent cells,leading to Ca^(2+)influx through Ca^(2+)release-activated Ca^(2+)(CRAC)channels.An elevated intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration further stimulates LTC4 release and creates a positive feedback in the MCs network.The findings of this study may facilitate our understanding of the mechanotransduction process in MCs induced by mechanical stimuli,contribute to understanding of interstitial flow-related mechanobiology in MCs network,and provide a methodology for quantitatively analyzing physical treatment methods including acupuncture and massage in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).展开更多
细胞的微观形貌、电学和力学功能在细胞生物学研究中具有重要意义.但传统细胞表征方法无法实现对活体细胞微/纳观尺度的无损、原位表征.扫描离子电导显微镜(scanning ion conductance microscopy, SICM)作为新型的扫描探针显微镜技术,...细胞的微观形貌、电学和力学功能在细胞生物学研究中具有重要意义.但传统细胞表征方法无法实现对活体细胞微/纳观尺度的无损、原位表征.扫描离子电导显微镜(scanning ion conductance microscopy, SICM)作为新型的扫描探针显微镜技术,由于非接触式扫描模式及纳米探针的使用,可实现对活细胞无损、高分辨地实时表征,近年来被广泛用于各种细胞生物学和细胞表征研究中.本综述主要介绍了SICM的发展历史及其在细胞表征中的应用.首先介绍SICM的仪器组成和工作原理、三种常见的工作模式及优缺点,之后分类介绍SICM在细胞生物学领域的应用进展,包括SICM在细胞形貌表征、细胞电学性质和力学性质研究中的具体应用实例,总结和比较了SICM与传统细胞生物学表征方法在细胞原位表征中的优势.最后,提出SICM在细胞表征方面面临的挑战,对其未来技术发展方向进行了展望.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21771137)。
文摘One-dimensional nanostructures(1D)with short ion diffusion distance and fast ion transport path are excellent for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). However, the nature of layered transition metal dichalcogenides makes it difficult to form 1D nanohybrids. Here, the MoTe_(2) nanorods with an average diameter of 100-200 nm and length of 1-3 μm encapsulated by reduced graphene oxide(MoTe_(2)/rGO) have been fabricated via in-situ reaction of GO coated Mo_3O_(10)(C_(2)H_(10)N_(2)) nanowires with Te under Ar/H_(2) atmosphere. When applied as anode of LIBs, the Mo Te_(2)/r GO delivers a high reversible capacity(637 m A h g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g^(-1)), good rate capability(374 m A h g^(-1) at 2 A g^(-1)) and excellent stability(360 m A h g^(-1) after 200 cycles at 0.5 A g^(-1)), which surpasses bare Mo Te2 nanorods and bulk Mo Te2 crystallite. Furthermore, a lithium-ion full cell constructed by coupling Mo Te2/r GO anode and LiCoO_(2) cathode shows a capacity of 105 m A h g^(-1) at 0.1 C. The enhanced performance mainly benefits from the advantages of 1D nanostructure, and meanwhile the r GO thin layers are able to improve the conductivity and maintain the structural stability. This work provides a simple pathway for the synthesis of 1D TMDs nanostructures for energy storage and conversion.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473750 and No.11202053)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanis m And Acupoint Function(No.14DZ2260500)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB518502).
文摘Mast cells(MCs)play an important role in the immune system.Through connective tissues,mechanical stimuli activate intracellular calcium signaling pathways,induce a variety of mediators including leukotriene C4(LTC4)release,and affect MCs’microenvironment.This paper focuses on MCs’intracellular calcium dynamics and LTC4 release responding to mechanical stimuli,explores signaling pathways in MCs and the effect of interstitial fluid flow on the transport of biological messengers and feedback in the MCs network.We use a mathematical model to show that(i)mechanical stimuli including shear stress induced by interstitial fluid flow can activate mechano-sensitive(MS)ion channels on MCs’membrane and allow Ca^(2+)entry,which increases intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration and leads to LTC4 release;(ii)LTC4 in the extracellular space(ECS)acts on surface cysteinyl leukotriene receptors(LTC4R)on adjacent cells,leading to Ca^(2+)influx through Ca^(2+)release-activated Ca^(2+)(CRAC)channels.An elevated intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration further stimulates LTC4 release and creates a positive feedback in the MCs network.The findings of this study may facilitate our understanding of the mechanotransduction process in MCs induced by mechanical stimuli,contribute to understanding of interstitial flow-related mechanobiology in MCs network,and provide a methodology for quantitatively analyzing physical treatment methods including acupuncture and massage in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).
文摘细胞的微观形貌、电学和力学功能在细胞生物学研究中具有重要意义.但传统细胞表征方法无法实现对活体细胞微/纳观尺度的无损、原位表征.扫描离子电导显微镜(scanning ion conductance microscopy, SICM)作为新型的扫描探针显微镜技术,由于非接触式扫描模式及纳米探针的使用,可实现对活细胞无损、高分辨地实时表征,近年来被广泛用于各种细胞生物学和细胞表征研究中.本综述主要介绍了SICM的发展历史及其在细胞表征中的应用.首先介绍SICM的仪器组成和工作原理、三种常见的工作模式及优缺点,之后分类介绍SICM在细胞生物学领域的应用进展,包括SICM在细胞形貌表征、细胞电学性质和力学性质研究中的具体应用实例,总结和比较了SICM与传统细胞生物学表征方法在细胞原位表征中的优势.最后,提出SICM在细胞表征方面面临的挑战,对其未来技术发展方向进行了展望.
