江苏省优良食味粳稻的遗传与育种研究

为了培育适合在江苏种植的优良食味粳稻品种,以优良食味为主攻目标,对江苏省优质、抗病、高产粳稻品种的遗传基础开展了系统研究。通过关联分析,研究稻米蒸煮品质、营养品质与食味品质的关系,明确直链淀粉含量是影响食味品质的关键性状。直链淀粉含量为10%~14%的半糯米米饭表面光泽透亮、质地柔软、富有弹性,综合了糯米的柔软性和粳米的弹性,冷饭不硬,食味品质极佳,符合长三角地区人们喜食柔软香型粳米的口感需求。筛选出直链淀粉含量在10%左右、含有低直链淀粉含量基因Wx^(mp)的日本半糯粳稻品种“关东194”作为食味品质改良的核心种质。开发Wx^(mp)基因的分子标记,结合利用与抗病、高产相关基因紧密连锁的分子标记,开展优良食味、抗病、高产粳稻聚合育种。育成适合江苏省不同稻区种植的南粳46、南粳5055、南粳9108和南粳5718等优良食味粳稻系列新品种通过审定,形成了覆盖江苏省不同稻区的优良食味粳稻品种布局,累计推广面积超过533万公顷,有力地促进了江苏省及周边地区优质稻米产业的发展,为水稻产业供给侧结构调整,提质增效,保障粮食安全作出了重要贡献。

Numerical Simulation of the Aeroacoustic Performance of the DSA380 High-Speed Pantograph Under the Influence of a Crosswind

The object of research of this paper is the DSA380 high-speed pantograph.The near-field unsteady flow around the pantograph was investigated using large eddy simulation(LES)while the far-field aerodynamic noise was analysed in the frame of the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)acoustic analogy.According to the results,the contact strip,base frame and knuckle are the main aerodynamic noise sources,with vortex shedding,flow separation and recombination around the pantograph being related key physical factors.The aerodynamic noise radiates outwards in the form of spherical waves when the distance of the noise receiving point is farther than 8 m.The sound pressure level(SPL)grows approximately as the 6th power of pantograph operating speed.The aerodynamic noise energy is mainly concentrated in the region of 400-1000 Hz,and the frequency band is wider with crosswind than without crosswind.The peak frequency displays a linear relationships with the operating speed and crosswind velocity,respectively.The aerodynamic and aeroacoustic generation from the knuckle-downstream orientation of the pantograph is superior to those of the knuckle-upstream orientation model.This finding may be used for the optimal design of future pantograph configurations in the presence of crosswind.

Investigation on specific heat capacity and thermal behavior of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate

The thermal decomposition process was studied by the TG–DTA analyzer. The results show that the decomposition process of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate consisted of three stages: the mass loss for the first, the second and third stages may be about the groups of CH_3CH_2OH, CH_3CHO and SO_2 volatilized, respectively. The decomposition residuum of three stages was analyzed by FT-IR, and the results of FT-IR agreed with the decomposition process predicted by theoretical weight loss. The specific heat capacity of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate was determined by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The melting temperature and melting enthalpy were obtained to be 465.41 K and 25.69 kJ·mol^(-1), respectively. The molar specific heat capacity of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate was determinated from 310.15 K to 365.15 K and expressed as a function of temperature.

Experimental and theoretical study on N-hydroxyphthalimide and its derivatives catalyzed aerobic oxidation of cyclohexylbenzene

The liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexylbenzene(CHB)is a new green synthetic approach to cyclohexylbenzene-1-hydroperoxide(CHBHP),a key intermediate for preparing phenol and cyclohexanone.In this work,aryl-substituted(Cl and Br)derivatives of N-hydroxyphthalimide(NHPI)were synthesized and their catalytic performances for CHB oxidation were studied.In addition,geometric optimization and transition state search were performed using DFT calculations.Both experimental and theoretical studies have proven that chloro-substitution on NHPI can significantly improve its catalytic effects on the oxidation of CHB by oxygen.Compared with NHPI,CHB conversion and selectivity of CHBHP over Cl;NHPI were increased by 10.47%and 13.24%.The strategy of aryl-substituting NHPI with halogen atoms proposed in this study would provide a potential way to the development of new NHPI-based catalysts for aerobic oxidation reactions.

A BiLSTM cardinality estimator in complex database systems based on attention mechanism

An excellent cardinality estimation can make the query optimiser produce a good execution plan.Although there are some studies on cardinality estimation,the prediction results of existing cardinality estimators are inaccurate and the query efficiency cannot be guaranteed as well.In particular,they are difficult to accurately obtain the complex relationships between multiple tables in complex database systems.When dealing with complex queries,the existing cardinality estimators cannot achieve good results.In this study,a novel cardinality estimator is proposed.It uses the core techniques with the BiLSTM network structure and adds the attention mechanism.First,the columns involved in the query statements in the training set are sampled and compressed into bitmaps.Then,the Word2vec model is used to embed the word vectors about the query statements.Finally,the BiLSTM network and attention mechanism are employed to deal with word vectors.The proposed model takes into consideration not only the correlation between tables but also the processing of complex predicates.Extensive experiments and the evaluation of BiLSTM-Attention Cardinality Estimator(BACE)on the IMDB datasets are conducted.The results show that the deep learning model can significantly improve the quality of cardinality estimation,which is a vital role in query optimisation for complex databases.

Improved performance of MoS_(2)FET by in situ NH_(3)doping in ALD Al_(2)O_(3)dielectric

Since defects such as traps and oxygen vacancies exist in dielectrics,it is difficult to fabricate a high-performance MoS_(2)field-effect transistor(FET)using atomic layer deposition(ALD)Al_(2)O_(3)as the gate dielectric layer.In this paper,NH_(3)in situ doping,a process treatment approach during ALD growth of Al_(2)O_(3),is used to decrease these defects for better device characteristics.MoS_(2)FET has been well fabricated with this technique and the effect of different NH_(3)in situ doping sequences in the growth cycle has been investigated in detail.Compared with counterparts,those devices with NH_(3)in situ doping demonstrate obvious performance enhancements:Ion/Ioff is improved by one order of magnitude,from 1.33×10^(5)to 3.56×10^(6),the threshold voltage shifts from-0.74 V to-0.12 V and a small subthreshold swing of 105 m V/dec is achieved.The improved MoS_(2)FET performance is attributed to nitrogen doping by the introduction of NH_(3)during the Al_(2)O_(3)ALD growth process,which leads to a reduction in the surface roughness of the dielectric layer and the repair of oxygen vacancies in the Al_(2)O_(3)layer.Furthermore,the MoS_(2)FET processed by in situ NH_(3)doping after the Al and O precursor filling cycles demonstrates the best performance;this may be because the final NH_(3)doping after film growth restores more oxygen vacancies to screen more charge scattering in the MoS_(2)channel.The reported method provides a promising way to reduce charge scattering in carrier transport for high-performance MoS_(2)devices.

Nonconforming <i>H</i>¹-Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Method for Pseudo-Hyperbolic Equations

Based on H1-Galerkin mixed finite element method with nonconforming quasi-Wilson element, a numerical approximate scheme is established for pseudo-hyperbolic equations under arbitrary quadrilateral meshes. The corresponding optimal order error estimate is derived by the interpolation technique instead of the generalized elliptic projection which is necessary for classical error estimates of finite element analysis.

截冠术在下颌阻生第三磨牙治疗中的应用效果分析

目的探讨传统拔牙与截冠术在高风险下颌阻生第三磨牙治疗中的效果及预后。方法收集2021年6月至2022年6月于中山大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科门诊就诊患者300例作为观察样本(均通过锥形束CT检查下颌阻生第三磨牙牙根接触、突入或贯穿下牙槽神经),告知治疗方案后由患者自行选择治疗方式,其中选择传统拔牙术者244例、选择截冠术者56例。传统拔牙组去骨分冠并取出牙根,截冠组完整去除牙冠并保留牙根。χ2检验比较两组术后下牙槽神经损伤、舌神经损伤、拔牙术后出血及干槽症发生率差异。同时评估截冠术后预后情况。结果传统拔牙组下牙槽神经损伤率(6.6%),高于截冠术组(0%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.879,P=0.049);常规组舌神经损伤发生率(0.4%)、术后出血(2.9%)、干槽症发生率(2.5%)与截冠术组舌神经损伤发生率(0%)、术后出血(1.8%)、干槽症发生率(1.8%)比较,差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)舌神经损伤=0.230,P舌神经损伤=0.631;χ^(2)术后出血=0.206,P术后出血=0.650;χ^(2)干槽症=0.090,P干槽症=0.763)。截冠术组仅有1例因牙根萌出需要二次手术拔除牙根,其晚期并发症发生率低,但持续存在。结论截冠术在下颌阻生第三磨牙治疗中术后并发症发生率低,是一种更加安全的选择,可作为智齿拔除的替代方案。

应用骨盖技术拔除下颌低位骨性埋伏阻生第三磨牙的疗效观察

目的观察骨盖技术应用于下颌低位骨性埋伏阻生第三磨牙拔除术的效果,评估其临床和影像学结果。方法收集2022年4—12月期间在中山大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科门诊行下颌低位骨性埋伏阻生第三磨牙拔除术患者52例,包括骨盖组和对照组各26例,其中骨盖组采用超声骨刀手术制备骨盖,显露拔除患牙后将骨盖复位;对照组则采用超声骨刀去骨后拔除患牙,随访观察患者术后恢复情况及治疗效果。结果52例患者术后恢复良好,无下唇麻木等神经损伤症状及骨坏死等严重并发症,骨盖组患者术后疼痛反应与对照组无明显差别(P>0.05),术后第3天肿胀反应与对照组比相对较轻(Z_(3 d)=2.088,P_(3 d)=0.037),而术后7 d肿胀程度差异无统计学意义(Z_(7 d)=1.866,P_(7 d)=0.062)。影像学检查显示骨盖整合情况及邻牙远中牙槽骨高度恢复良好。结论骨盖技术可以有效减少术后骨组织缺损,术后并发症少,有利于骨组织恢复,可作为下颌低位骨性埋伏阻生第三磨牙拔除手术入路的一种理想选择。

Single‐precursor phase‐controlled synthesis of copper selenide nanocrystals and their conversion to amorphous hollow nanostructures

The crystal phases are essential to the physicochemical properties and functionalities of materials.Copper selenide has emerged as an important and appealing semiconductor,which can exist in a variety of polymorphic phases.However,the richness of polymorphs also makes it a challenge to the direct preparation of copper selenide nanocrystals with tunable phases.Herein,two polymorphs,that is,quasitetragonal Cu2−xSe nanocubes and metastable wurtzite Cu2Se nanodisks,are successfully synthesized by using a single precursor,copper(I)selenocyanate(CuSeCN),as the Cu and Se sources.The key to phase modulation is the optimal choice of the ligand in the synthesis.The as‐prepared nanocrystals possess different morphologies and compositions,giving rise to distinct optical properties and electrical conductivities.Interestingly,the copper selenide nanocrystals can provide a platform for the rational construction of two types of amorphous hollow Au─Cu─Se nanostructures by reaction with Au(I)precursor,in which their final shapes are well kept as that of the original nanocrystal templates.This work provides an easy strategy for the phase‐controlled synthesis of copper selenide nanocrystals and enables the design of new materials for broad applications.

The Global Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes, Variants, and Haplotypes in 2019nCoVR

On January 22,2020,China National Center for Bioinformation(CNCB)released the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource(2019nCoVR),an open-access information resource for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).2019nCoVR features a comprehensive integration of sequence and clinical information for all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 isolates,which are manually curated with value-added annotations and quality evaluated by an automated in-house pipeline.Of particular note,2019nCoVR offers systematic analyses to generate a dynamic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations at a global scale.It provides all identified variants and their detailed statistics for each virus isolate,and congregates the quality score,functional annotation,and population frequency for each variant.Spatiotemporal change for each variant can be visualized and historical viral haplotype network maps for the course of the outbreak are also generated based on all complete and high-quality genomes available.Moreover,2019nCoVR provides a full collection of SARS-CoV-2 relevant literature on the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including published papers from PubMed as well as preprints from services such as bioRxiv and medRxiv through Europe PMC.Furthermore,by linking with relevant databases in CNCB,2019nCoVR offers data submission services for raw sequence reads and assembled genomes,and data sharing with NCBI.Collectively,SARS-CoV-2 is updated daily to collect the latest information on genome sequences,variants,haplotypes,and literature for a timely reflection,making 2019nCoVR a valuable resource for the global research community.2019nCoVR is accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/.

Characterization of bubble behaviors in a dense phase pulsed gas-solid fluidized bed for dry coal processing

Pulsed gas-solid fluidized beds can effectively separate fine coal,and bubbles play an important role in creating suitable separation conditions.The present study performed statistical and image analyses of the evolution of bubbles in a two-dimensional pulsed gas-solid fluidized bed using a high-speed dynamic camera.The effects of apparent gas velocity,pulsation frequency and particle size on bubble characteristics and bed expansi on were analyzed.The results indicate that,when a fluctuation freque ncy is added,the expa nsion height of the bed in creases,the effect of attachme nt to the bed wall decreases,the leading diameter and rising velocity of the bubbles both decrease and the degree of bubble deformation increases.These trends are also more obvious for fine particles.These findings dem on strate that a high density pulsed gas-solid fluidized bed can effectively combine gases and solids to produce a uniform,stable mixture.The bubble diameter and rising velocity were also simulated in the present work,and the relationship between the two was established using a fitting model with an error within 5%.This model provides an effective means of predicting bubble velocity as well as studying the distribution of the bubble phase and improving the stability of the bed density.

Recent advances in application of moving bed bioreactors for wastewater treatment from recirculating aquaculture systems: A review

In recent years,government investments in implementing restrictive public policies on the treatment and discharge of effluents from the aquaculture industry have increased.Hence,efficient and cleaner methods for aquaculture production are needed.Recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)offers water conservation by recycling the treated aquaculture water for reuse.RAS wastewater treatment using a moving bed bioreactors(MBBRs)process has been considered well suited for maintaining good water quality,thereby making fish farming more sustainable.Currently,improvements were achieved in tackling the influence of salinity,organic matter,disinfectant,and bioreactor start-up process on the MBBR performance efficiency.This review highlights an updated overview of recent development made using MBBR to treat the residual water from RAS.Precisely,nitrification and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification(SND),and other hybrid processes for nitrogen removal were elucidated.Finally,future challenges and prospects of MBBRs in RAS facilities that need to be considered were also proposed.

Strontium modulates osteogenic activity of bone cement composed of bioactive borosilicate glass particles by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

There is a need for synthetic grafts to reconstruct large bone defects using minimal invasive surgery.Our previous study showed that incorporation of Sr into bioactive borate glass cement enhanced the osteogenic capacity in vivo.However,the amount of Sr in the cement to provide an optimal combination of physicochemical properties and capacity to stimulate bone regeneration and the underlying molecular mechanism of this stimulation is yet to be determined.In this study,bone cements composed of bioactive borosilicate glass particles substituted with varying amounts of Sr(0 mol%to 12 mol%SrO)were created and evaluated in vitro and in vivo.The setting time of the cement increased with Sr substitution of the glass.Upon immersion in PBS,the cement degraded and converted more slowly to HA(hydroxyapatite)with increasing Sr substitution.The released Sr2+modulated the proliferation,differentiation,and mineralization of hBMSCs(human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells)in vitro.Osteogenic characteristics were optimally enhanced with cement(designated BG6Sr)composed of particles substituted with 6mol%SrO.When implanted in rabbit femoral condyle defects,BG6Sr cement supported better peri-implant bone formation and bone-implant contact,comparing to cements substituted with 0mol%or 9mol%SrO.The underlying mechanism is involved in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.These results indicate that BG6Sr cement has a promising combination of physicochemical properties and biological performance for minimally invasive healing of bone defects.

Finite Spherical Cavity Expansion Method for Layering Effect

A decay function for the layering effect during the projectile penetrating into layered targets is constructed, which is obtained via the theoretical solution of a dynamically expanding layered spherical cavity with finite radius in the layered targets that are assumed to be incompressible Mohr-Coulomb materials. By multiplying the decay function with the semi-empirical forcing functions that account for all the constitutive behavior of the targets, the forcing functions for the layered targets are obtained. Then, the forcing functions are used to represent the targets and are applied on the projectile surface as the pressure boundary condition where the projectile is modeled by an explicit transient dynamic finite element code. This methodology is implemented into ABAQUS explicit solver via the user subroutine VDLOAD, which eliminates the need for discretizing the targets and the need for the complex contact algorithm. In order to verify the proposed layering effect model, depth-of-penetration experiments of the 37 mm hard core projectile penetrating into three sets of fiber concrete and soil layered targets are conducted. The predicted depths of penetration show good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore,the influence of layering effect on projectile trajectory during earth penetration is investigated. It is found that the layering effect should be taken into account if the final position and trajectory of the projectile are the main concern.

Influence of bubbles on the segregated stability of fine coal in a vibrated dense medium gas-solid fluidized bed

In this paper,the variation of bubble size and number in the separation process of vibrated fluidized bed as well as the influence of bubble movement on the axial distribution of fine coal in different positions of the bed were studied.The result revealed that the size and number of bubbles is correlated with the fine coal separation effect in the separation process.When the bed is in a uniform and stable fluidized state,the size of bubbles in the separation process was in the range of 1-2.5 cm and the number of bubbles was reduced by nearly 50%,which is helpful to promote the stratification and segregation of fine coal.Thereby,after separation,the ash content of refined coal products of anthracite and 1/3 coking coal was reduced to 12.1% and 23.7% respectively,and the content of refined coal was up to 42.5% and 68.5% respectively,which show that the vibrated fluidized bed has a good separation performance,and can separate efficiently the coal of size−6+1 mm.

Light spectrum preference of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under different hunger levels

In order to improve the light welfare of Nile tilapia in aquaculture,the influence of hunger level on light spectrum preference of Nile tilapia was explored in this study.The whole experiment was based on the emptying of the gastrointestinal contents,and carried out under the controlled laboratory conditions.The light spectrum preference was assessed by counting the head location of fish in each experimental tank,which containing seven compartments(i.e.,red,blue,white,yellow,black,green and public area).t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding(t-SNE)was adopted to visualize the hunger level-based dynamic preference on light spectrum in two-dimensional space.According to the clustering results,significant differences in light spectrum preferences of Nile tilapia,under the different hunger levels,were indicated.In addition,the average visit frequency in green compartment was significantly lower than that in other color compartments throughout the whole experiment,and the total visit frequency in red compartment was relatively higher during the whole experiment.

Corrigendum to“Strontium modulates osteogenic activity of bone cement composed of bioactive borosilicate glass particles by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway”[Bioact.Mater.5(2020)334-347]

The authors regret that the printed version of the above article contained a number of errors which were not identified during the proofing stage.The correct and final version follows.The authors would like to apologies for any inconvenience caused.The authors regret:1.“…and the underlying molecular mechanism of this simulation is yet to be determined”,Page 335,needs to be corrected to“and the underlying molecular mechanism of this stimulation is yet to be determined”.

AN EFFECTIVE DETAILED ROUTING ALGORITHM CONSIDERING ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY NODES

Detailed routing has become much challenging in modern circuit designs due to the extreme scaling of chip size and the complicated design rules.In this paper,we give an effective algorithm for detailed routing considering advanced technology nodes.First,we present a valid pin-access candidates generation technology for handling complex pin shapes.Then,we propose a tree-based nets components selection algorithm to decide connecting order for multiple nets components.Finally,combined with global routing results and advanced technology nodes,an initial routing results optimization algorithm is presented to achieve the final detailed routing results.Experimental results on industry benchmarks show that,our proposed algorithm not only achieves 100%routability on real industrial cases in a reasonable runtime,but also optimizes total wirelength,total vias and other advanced technology nodes simultaneously.

Effects of soluble starch synthase genes on eating and cooking quality in semi waxy japonica rice with Wx^(mp)

The purpose of this study is to reveal the genetic mechanism of the variation of amylose content among different semi waxy or glutinous japonica rice in the background of Wxmp gene.Sixty-four semi waxy lines derived from the hybrid progenies of Wujing 13 and Milky Princess(Kantou 194)with polymorphism in soluble starch synthase gene SSIIa(SSII-3)and SSIIIa(SSIII-2)but no polymorphism in other starch synthase related genes were used as test materials.The genotypes of SSIIa and SSIIIa allele were identified by molecular markers,and the allelic effects of SSIIa and SSIIIa gene on amylose content(AC),gel consistency(GC),gelatinization temperature(GT)and rapid visco analyzer(RVA)profile characteristics were analyzed.The significant effects of SSIIa and SSIIIa alleles and the interactive effects between two genes on AC,GT,GC and RVA profile characteristics were found.The SSIIa and SSIIIa alleles from Wujing13 shown positive effects on AC with an average increase of 1.87 and 1.23%in 2 years respectively.There was no significant effect on GT for SSIIa or SSIIIa allele but remarkable influence on GT when the co-existence of the two genes.The genotype SSIIa^(mp)SSIIIa^(mp) shown 1.34℃higher GT than genotype SSIIawjSSIIIawj(mp and wj indicated that the gene was derived from Milky Princess and Wujing 13 respectively,the same as in the below).Different genes and alleles resulted in significant different GC.The genetic effect of SSIIawj and SSIIIamp on GC was 8.74 and 9.62mm respectively.The GC of SSIIa^(wj)SSIIIa^(mp) was 10.64 and 16.95mm higher than that of SSIIa^(mp)SSIIIa^(wj) and SSIIawjSSIIIawj,respectively.The allele SSIIa^(wj) could increase the peak viscosity(PKV),hot paste viscosity(HPV),cool paste viscosity(CPV)and breakdown viscosity(BDV),while decrease the consistency viscosity(CSV)and setback viscosity(SBV).However for the allele SSIIIa^(wj) the opposite was true.The genotype SSIIa^(wj)SSIIIa^(mp) had the largest PKV,HPV and CPV,the genotype SSIIa^(wj)SSIIIa^(wj) had the largest BDV and CSV,but the genotype SSIIa^(wj)SSIIIa^(mp) had the least SBV.According to the comprehensive effect of each trait,the genotype SSIIawjSSIIIamp was the best.The allelic variation and interaction effect of SSIIa and SSIIIa genes have important reference value for improving cooking and eating quality of semi waxy japonica rice.