紫杉醇联合阿帕替尼对比单药紫杉醇二线治疗胃癌的真实世界前瞻性研究

目的:观察紫杉醇联合阿帕替尼对比单药紫杉醇二线治疗胃癌的疗效及安全性.方法:选取2017年3月至2018年3月就诊于内蒙古医科大学赤峰临床医学院经一线(氟尿嘧啶类联合铂类)治疗后进展的HER-2阴性的晚期胃癌患者60例,分为单药组和联合组,每组30例.单药组给予单药紫杉醇化疗,联合组给予紫杉醇联合阿帕替尼治疗,观察的主要终点为两组患者的无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS),次要终点为疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)、客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)、安全性.结果:联合组患者的PFS优于单药组患者,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).联合组DCR、ORR均高于单药组,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);联合组高血压发生率高于单药组(P<0.05),其余不良反应发生率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论:紫杉醇联合甲磺酸阿帕替尼对比单药紫杉醇二线治疗胃癌,联合组PFS、DCR、ORR均优于单药组,虽然联合组DCR、ORR较单药组相比差异无统计学意义,但联合组组患者的PFS较单组延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且联合组不良反应可耐受,安全性良好.

Na-doping-induced modification of the Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)/CdS heterojunction towards efficient solar cells

It is very important to understand why a small amount of alkali metal doping in Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells can improve the conversion efficiency.In this work,Na-doped CZTSSe is prepared by a simple solution method,and then the effects on the surface properties of the absorber layer,the buffer layer growth,and the modifications of the solar cell performance induced by the Na doping are studied.The surface of the absorber layer is more Cu-depletion and less roughness due to the Na doping.In addition,the contact angle of the surface increases because of Na doping.As a consequence,the thickness of the CdS buffer layer is significantly reduced and the optical losses in the CdS buffer layer are decreased.The difference of quasi-Fermi levels(EFn-EFp) increases with a small amount of Na doping in the CZTSSe solar cell,so that open circuit voltage(VOC) increased significantly.This work offers new insights into the effects of Na doping on CZTSSe via a solution-based approach and provides a deeper understanding of the origin of the efficiency improvement of Na-doped CZTSSe thin film solar cells.

Li_(2)S doping into CZTSe drives the large improvement of V_(OC) of solar cell

Alkali metal doping or sulfurization are commonly applied in Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) (CZTSe) solar cell to improve the open-circuit voltage (VOC). However, alkali metal sulfide affording both alkali metal and sulfur is seldom to be studied, which restrains the development of kesterite solar cells. In this study, we evaporate Li_(2)S during selenization process and hope to provide both alkali metal and sulfur to CZTSe film. The result indicates that Li shows a gradient distribution near the surface of CZTSe film and the content of S is slight. The film quality is improved and the recombination at grain boundaries is decreased after Li_(2)S treatment. Besides, the bandgap of the absorber gets wider. Under the synergy of sulfur and lithium (mainly from lithium), the work function of the treated absorber gets higher and the conduction band offset (CBO) is in the ideal range. Combined with these contributions, the V_(OC) of the champion device treated by Li_(2)S dramatically increase by 120 mV. This study discloses that alkali metal brings the main effect on the performance of the kesterite solar cell even an alkali metal sulfide is evaporated, which deepens the understanding of sulfurization of CZTSe and also promote the progress of kesterite solar cells.

Classification of New Biomarkers of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Based on Pathogenesis—An Update

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complex heart disease affecting the heart musculature and vasculature, involving one or several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Identifying potential biomarkers for dilated cardiomyopathy is a challenge owing to various aetiologies involved. Studying the biomarkers involved in DCM will ultimately give a better insight about which pathophysiological pathways are involved in the onset of the disease. Owing to its multifactorial aetiologies, response to treatment is usually poor. If we can find the exact underlying causes, a better treatment approach could be implemented. One way to obtain better insight of DCM is to study the biomarkers released. Through biomarkers, we can know which underlying mechanisms are involved. Biomarkers can provide us with clinical information such as diagnostic, prognostic, risk stratification as well as response to treatment. Underlying mechanisms such as inflammation, stress/strain, myocyte injury, matrix remodelling, oxidative stress, neurohormones involvement, among others, can contribute to the onset of DCM. Different mechanisms will yield different biomarkers. So it would be wise to classify those biomarkers involving in DCM based on their respective pathogenesis. Moreover, most importantly is to be able to make use of the information that biomarker pertains. However, specificity of those biomarkers poses a problem. One way of making these biomarkers clinically useful is to make use of a biomarker modelling score system.

Research Progress of Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Other Cardiac Conditions

Since its discovery, myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) has become a protein of interest clinically. With emergence of new methodologies and technologies, the structure and functions of cMyBP-C from different aspects can be studied, enabling us to better understand its involvement in certain cardiac conditions. Studying its kinetics of release and clearance from the circulation and by comparing to other conventional biomarkers, it has been reported that cMyBP-C is eligible to be a novel biomarker for several cardiac conditions. Moreover, studying the genetics and their involvement in pathogenic mechanisms has opened the ideas for potential therapeutic strategies. More and more researches are constantly being done to better understand the role of cMyBP-C in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The importance of cMyBP-C to the heart is still actively being investigated. Its presence is however crucial for sarcomere organization and proper regulation of cardiac contraction during systole and complete relaxation during diastole. Genetic mutation in cMyBP-C has been linked to cardiac conditions including hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies. Around 350 types of mutations have already been documented leading to various cardiac conditions and abnormalities. Analyzing human heart samples has enabled us to better understand the importance of cMyBP-C and how its mutations lead to inherited cardiomyopathies. It is therefore necessary to have an update about the research progress of cMyBP-C in relation to DCM and other cardiac conditions.

Human Care Theory and Influences on the Life Quality Index of Cancer Patients in Household Life

To investigatetheinfluences of the application of human care theory on the life quality and happiness of cancer patients after they receiveda community nursing care which was implemented by the human care theory. The quality life and the happiness index of 93 patients with cancer living in the six communities in Jillin were assessed, the assessment of the life quality was based on a life quality scale (SF-36) and that of the happiness index was based on Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH). The community nurses cared for these patients by applying the theory of human care and the life quality and the happiness index of the patients were observed after the care. The results showed that there were significant differences in the score of 5 dimensions in the eight dimensions of the life quality between before the care and after the care (<0.05), and there were significant differences in the average sores of the positive emotion, positive experience, negative emotion, negative experience and level of happiness included in the happiness index between before the care and after the care (<0.05), suggesting that the theory of human care can be used for the care of patients with cancer and the application of the theory can effectively improve the life quality and the happiness index of the patients, strengthen their problem-solving abilities and let them have a positive attitude towards their lives.

HAT therapy for sepsis:A review of the therapeutic rationale and current clinical evaluation status

Vitamin C-based cluster therapy,which involves the combined application of hydrocortisone,vitamin C,and thiamine(HAT),is a recently proposed new treatment option for sepsis on top of conventional treatment.This therapy has a strong theoretical basis,but its clinical efficacy remains inconclusive.This review summarizes the rationale for HAT therapy for sepsis and describes the evaluation of its efficacy in clinical observational studies and randomized controlled trials,with the aim of providing a reference for the future clinical practice application of HAT therapy in sepsis.

All-optical generation of static electric field in a single metal-semiconductor nanoantenna

Electric field is a powerful instrument in nanoscale engineering,providing wide functionalities for control in various optical and solid-state nanodevices.The development of a single optically resonant nanostructure operating with a charge-induced electrical field is challenging,but it could be extremely useful for novel nanophotonic horizons.Here,we show a resonant metal-semiconductor nanostructure with a static electric field created at the interface between its components by charge carriers generated via femtosecond laser irradiation.We study this field experimentally,probing it by second-harmonic generation signal,which,in our system,is time-dependent and has a non-quadratic signal/excitation power dependence.The developed numerical models reveal the influence of the optically induced static electric field on the second harmonic generation signal.We also show how metal work function and silicon surface defect density for different charge carrier concentrations affect the formation of this field.We estimate the value of optically-generated static electric field in this nanoantenna to achieve≈10^(8)V/m.These findings pave the way for the creation of nanoantenna-based optical memory,programmable logic and neuromorphic devices.

铜锌锡硫硒薄膜太阳电池中有希望的无镉双缓层

Zn(O,S)薄膜由于低成本和生态友好的特性而被广泛用作锌黄锡矿薄膜太阳能电池的无镉缓冲层.但是Zn(O,S)缓冲层的载流子浓度和电导率较低,这将会导致器件性能的降低.在这项工作中,我们引入了一层额外的In2S3缓冲层,并通过后退火处理来改进Zn(O,S)层以及CZTSSe层的属性.经过退火处理后,我们发现Zn(O,S)和CZTSSe层的载流子浓度均增加,这有助于载流子分离并增加开路电压.此外还发现,氨水蚀刻处理可以去除污染物,减少界面缺陷,并且增加In2S3层的表面粗糙度以用作减反层.因此,经过退火和蚀刻处理后,CZTSSe太阳能电池的效率提高了24%.仿真和实验结果表明,In2S3层和Zn(O,S)层中的缺陷能级之间较大的能带偏移是限制CZTSSe器件的填充因子和效率的主要原因.以上研究表明In2S3/Zn(O,S)是一种有希望的高效锌黄锡矿太阳能电池的无镉双缓冲层.本研究还为通过铟掺杂提高吸收层和缓冲层的载流子浓度提供了新的视角.

液体操控印刷制造高折射率光子微阵列

高折射率(n>1.8)光子结构在可见光范围内具有优异的光子调控性能,并且可以通过设计其几何排列制备光子器件.然而,受传统光刻为主导的微纳制造方法在材料适用性的局限,光子结构器件的应用难以快速发展.本文基于纳米绿色印刷技术,发展了液体操控印刷制造高折射率光子微阵列的新方法.完全摆脱光刻技术的限制,在硅晶片上制备微米沟道并复型得到柔性微米模板.通过构造柔性微模板-硒-目标基底的夹层印刷结构,加热至硒的玻璃化转变温度之上,硒的流动特性使其在目标基底与微米模板之间定向收缩,显著缩小结构特征尺寸并形成定向图案化微阵列.最终,在微结构宽度为18μm的微模板诱导下印刷制备了宽度为1.9μm的硒微米阵列,尺寸微缩可达近10倍并实现图案化.硒微阵列具有高折光效率,可实现角度依赖的结构色和偏振调控.本文发展的液体操控印刷制造高折射率光子结构策略,将推进光学超表面在光子传感器、偏振调制器件、光子操纵等领域的应用.