Independent and Combined Associations of Sleep Duration, Bedtime, and Polygenic Risk Score with the Risk of Hearing Loss among Middle-Aged and Old Chinese: The Dongfeng–Tongji Cohort Study

Evidence available on the independent and combined associations of sleep duration,bedtime,and genetic predisposition with hearing loss was lacking.The present study included 15,827 participants from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort study.Genetic risk was characterized by polygenic risk score(PRS)based on 37 genetic loci related to hearing loss.We conducted multivariate logistic regression models to assess the odds ratio(OR)for hearing loss with sleep duration and bedtime,as well as the joint association and interaction with PRS.Results showed that hearing loss was independently associated with sleeping≥9 h/night compared to the recommended 7 to<8 h/night,and with bedtime≤9:00 p.m.and>9:00 p.m.to 10:00 p.m.compared to those with bedtime>10:00 p.m.to 11:00 p.m.,with estimated ORs of 1.25,1.27,and 1.16,respectively.

Mild hyperthermia-enhanced chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy using doxorubicin-loaded gold nanovesicles

Gold nanovesicles(GVs) with unique plasmonic property and large cavity hold great potential as a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier to deliver drugs for efficient tumor chemotherapy and other therapies synergistically.Herein,we developed doxorubicin-loaded gold nanovesicles(DGVs),offering infrared thermal(IRT) and photoacoustic(PA) dual-modal imaging guided mild hype rthermia-enhanced chemophotothermal cancer synergistic therapy.The DGVs are self-assembled by gold nanoparticles modified with amphiphilic copolymer in a predetermined concentration of doxorubicin through film rehydration method.Under the influence of laser excitation,the as-prepared DGVs exhibited good photothermal effect,which triggered the structural disruption of GVs and thus,allowed the efficient release of encapsulated DOX to enhance cell uptake for fluorescence imaging and tumor chemotherapy,respectively.In addition,DGVs also showed a strong PA and IRT signals in vivo.Our study demonstrated the potential of DGVs as stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems and cancer theranostics.

基于稳定同位素技术的塔里木河下游不同林龄胡杨的水分利用来源

水分是制约很多陆地生态系统植物生长和繁殖的重要因素,在干旱地区尤为明显。利用稳定同位素技术探究塔里木河下游不同林龄胡杨(Populus euphratica)的水分来源情况,了解生态输水背景下荒漠河岸林的水分利用循环与利用策略,可为生态输水提供科学依据,同时也可对同类地区的生态恢复提供借鉴。本研究通过测定塔里木河下游胡杨茎干水和各潜在水源(土壤水、地下水)的稳定氢氧同位素值(δD、δ^(18)O),应用多源线性混合模型(Iso Source)分析了各潜在水源对不同林龄胡杨的贡献比例,并结合3种林龄胡杨不同土壤深度含水量的变化,分析了胡杨的主要吸水层位。结果表明:(1)不同林龄胡杨样地的不同深度区间上的土壤水δ^(18)O值存在显著差异(P<0.05):胡杨幼龄木、成熟木、过熟木木质部δ^(18)O分别为-7.83±0.07‰、-8.53±0.11‰、-9.36±0.21‰;而δD值不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。可据此来推断胡杨的主要吸水层位。(2)总体上,三种林龄胡杨土壤水δ^(18)O值随土壤深度增加而减小,并趋于接近地下水的δ^(18)O值。其中,0–60 cm土壤水受蒸发影响比较大,其同位素组成经历了强烈的蒸发分馏过程,土壤含水量极少,土壤水δ^(18)O值偏正。(3)不同林龄胡杨所利用的水分来源不同:胡杨幼龄木对于地表80 cm以下的土壤水以及地下水均有一定程度的利用,对80–140 cm、140–220 cm和220–340 cm的土壤水平均利用比率依次为16.2%、21.4%和24.6%,对地下水平均利用比率为24.5%;成熟木主要利用220–340 cm的土壤水及地下水,平均利用比率分别为36.9%和42.3%;过熟木主要利用140–340 cm的土壤水及地下水,平均利用比率分别为32.8%和49.3%。

熔盐在复杂换热结构内的对流换热特性实验研究及进展

揭示熔盐在复杂换热结构内的对流换热规律,实现系统的高效换热是发展下一代先进核能发电技术和高温光热发电技术要解决的关键问题之一.本文首先回顾了熔盐对流换热实验的研究历程,总结发现其经历了从光滑管到强化管、从管内到换热器壳侧的发展过程;同时指出研究熔盐在换热器壳侧复杂结构内的换热规律是今后一项十分重要的工作.接着,系统介绍了作者团队近年来对熔盐在普通的管壳式换热器、大小孔折流板换热器、弓形折流板换热器、折流杆换热器的壳侧,以及印刷电路板换热器翼型肋片侧5种复杂结构内的对流换热规律的实验研究工作;总结了上述研究中获得的熔盐在5种复杂结构内的对流换热实验关联式,同时给出了关联式具体的参数适用范围.这些实验关联式具有形式简单、精度较高等特点,可以满足工程需求.最后,对上述复杂结构中的熔盐换热性能进行了对比分析.结果表明,4种管壳式换热器壳侧的换热能力为大小孔折流板换热器>折流杆换热器>弓形折流板换热器>普通的管壳式换热器;此外,还发现翼型印刷电路板换热器的单位体积换热量远大于4种管壳式换热器.最后,探讨了复杂换热结构内的熔盐对流换热方面需要进一步探究的内容.

光触发增强葡萄糖氧化酶催化活性的等离子体囊泡用于程序化光热-饥饿疗法

在肿瘤的饥饿治疗及协同治疗中,基于葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)的纳米诊疗剂展现出具大的应用前景.自组装等离子体金囊泡(GV),由于具有独特的光学性能、巨大空腔和强局域表面等离子体共振等特性,可作为协同治疗的多功能纳米载体.本文中,我们开发了一种装载GOx的GV(GV-GOx)用于光触发释放GOx,同时增强GOx的催化活性,从而实现程序化光热-饥饿治疗.在近红外激光照射下,由于GV具有等离子体耦合效应, GV-GOx可以产生很强的局部高热,引起封装的GOx释放,同时高热可提高GOx催化活性,从而增强肿瘤的饥饿效应.此外,高光热效应可促进细胞对GV-GOx的摄取,并可通过活体光声/光热双模态成像对协同治疗进行有效监测.令人印象深刻的是,协同光热/饥饿疗法能完全消融4T1荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤,抗肿瘤效果明显优于单一疗法,且没有明显的系统毒性.本工作展示了一种光触发的纳米平台,可用于癌症协同治疗.