Objective: To test the hypothesis that the power of the received signal of harmonic power Doppler imaging(HPDI) is proportional to the bubble concentration under conditions of constant applied acoustic pressure, and t...Objective: To test the hypothesis that the power of the received signal of harmonic power Doppler imaging(HPDI) is proportional to the bubble concentration under conditions of constant applied acoustic pressure, and to determine whe-ther a new quantitative method can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity during myocardial contrast echocardiography(MCE) and identify perfusion abnormalities caused by myocardial infarction. Methods: The relation between Levovist concentration and contrast signal intensity(CI) of HPDI was investigated in vitro under conditions of constant acoustic pressure. MCE was performed during continuous infusion of Levovist with intermittent HPDI every sixth cardiac cycle in 11 healthy subjects and 25 patients with previous myocardial infarction. In the apical views myocardial CI(CImyo) was quantified in five myocardial segments. The CI from the left ventricular blood pool adjacent to the segment was also measured in dB and subtracted from the CImyo(relative CI(RelCI)). Results: CI had a logarithmic correlation and the calculated signal power a strong linear correlation with Levovist concentration in vitro. Thus, a difference in CI of X dB indicates a microbubble concentration ratio of 10x/10. In normal control subjects, CImyo differed between the five segments(p< 0.0001), with a lower CImyo in deeper segments. However, RelCI did not differ significantly between segments(p=0.083). RelCI was lower(p< 0.0001) in the 39 infarct segments(mean(SD)-18.6(2.8) dB) than in the 55 normal segments(mean(SD)-15.1(1.6) dB). RelCI differed more than CImyo between groups. Conclusions: The new quantitative method described can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity in evaluation of myocardial perfusion during MCE. RelCI represents the ratio of myocardium to blood microbubble concentrations and may correctly reflect myocardial blood volume fraction.展开更多
Melanonychia striata represents a diagnostic dilemma for dermatologists. The use of dermoscopy to assess the nail has advantages over clinical examination. However, when compared to skin lesions, it gives fewer detail...Melanonychia striata represents a diagnostic dilemma for dermatologists. The use of dermoscopy to assess the nail has advantages over clinical examination. However, when compared to skin lesions, it gives fewer details. We describe two cases of melanonychia striata submitted to dermoscopic examination of the nail bed and matrix. This is a new procedure that enables observing dermoscopic characteristics that are not visualized in the nail plate, thus, providing additional information.展开更多
文摘Objective: To test the hypothesis that the power of the received signal of harmonic power Doppler imaging(HPDI) is proportional to the bubble concentration under conditions of constant applied acoustic pressure, and to determine whe-ther a new quantitative method can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity during myocardial contrast echocardiography(MCE) and identify perfusion abnormalities caused by myocardial infarction. Methods: The relation between Levovist concentration and contrast signal intensity(CI) of HPDI was investigated in vitro under conditions of constant acoustic pressure. MCE was performed during continuous infusion of Levovist with intermittent HPDI every sixth cardiac cycle in 11 healthy subjects and 25 patients with previous myocardial infarction. In the apical views myocardial CI(CImyo) was quantified in five myocardial segments. The CI from the left ventricular blood pool adjacent to the segment was also measured in dB and subtracted from the CImyo(relative CI(RelCI)). Results: CI had a logarithmic correlation and the calculated signal power a strong linear correlation with Levovist concentration in vitro. Thus, a difference in CI of X dB indicates a microbubble concentration ratio of 10x/10. In normal control subjects, CImyo differed between the five segments(p< 0.0001), with a lower CImyo in deeper segments. However, RelCI did not differ significantly between segments(p=0.083). RelCI was lower(p< 0.0001) in the 39 infarct segments(mean(SD)-18.6(2.8) dB) than in the 55 normal segments(mean(SD)-15.1(1.6) dB). RelCI differed more than CImyo between groups. Conclusions: The new quantitative method described can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity in evaluation of myocardial perfusion during MCE. RelCI represents the ratio of myocardium to blood microbubble concentrations and may correctly reflect myocardial blood volume fraction.
文摘Melanonychia striata represents a diagnostic dilemma for dermatologists. The use of dermoscopy to assess the nail has advantages over clinical examination. However, when compared to skin lesions, it gives fewer details. We describe two cases of melanonychia striata submitted to dermoscopic examination of the nail bed and matrix. This is a new procedure that enables observing dermoscopic characteristics that are not visualized in the nail plate, thus, providing additional information.
