Study on the Influence of the Coordinated Development of Resident Income and GDP on Local Economic Development:Take Shandong Province as an Example

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the coordinated development of resident income and GDP has become an important indicator to measure local economic development.How to realize the synergistic growth of the two in the new era is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the local economy.Based on the theory of the coordinated development of resident income and GDP,this paper will take Shandong Province as an example to analyze the interaction between resident income growth and GDP,find out the influencing factors that restrict the coordinated development of resident income and GDP,and explore the impact of the coordinated development of resident income and GDP on local economic development.Finally,relevant policies will be studied.How to effectively increase residents’income,promote the sustainable and healthy development of the local economy,and put forward relevant suggestions to promote the coordinated development of residents’income and GDP.

Improved methods for scheduling flexible manufacturing systems based on Petri nets and heuristic search

This paper proposes and evaluates two improved Petri net （PN）-based hybrid search strategies and their applications to flexible manufacturing system （FMS） scheduling. The algorithms proposed in some previous papers, which combine PN simulation capabilities with A＊ heuristic search within the PN reachability graph,may not find an optimum solution even with an admissible heuristic function. To remedy the defects an improved heuristic search strategy is proposed, which adopts a different method for selecting the promising markings and reserves the admissibility of the algorithm. To speed up the search process, another algorithm is also proposed which invokes faster termination conditions and still guarantees that the solution found is optimum. The scheduling results are compared through a simple FMS between our algorithms and the previous methods. They are also applied and evaluated in a set of randomly-generated FMSs with such characteristics as multiple resources and alternative routes.

Genomic evolution and insights into agronomic trait innovations of Sesamum species

Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop with high oil content and quality.However,the evolutionary history and genetic mechanisms of its valuable agronomic traits remain unclear.Here,we report chromosome-scale genomes of cultivated sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)and six wild Sesamum species,representing all three karyotypes within this genus.Karyotyping and genome-based phylogenic analysis revealed the evolutionary route of Sesamum species from n=13 to n=16 and revealed that allotetraploidization occurred in the wild species Sesamum radiatum.Early divergence of the Sesamum genus(48.5–19.7 million years ago)during the Tertiary period and its ancient phylogenic position within eudicots were observed.Pan-genome analysis revealed 9164 core gene families in the 7Sesamumspecies.These families are significantly enriched in variousmetabolic pathways,including fatty acid(FA)metabolism and FA biosynthesis.Structural variations in SiPT1 and SiDT1 within the phosphatidyl ethanolamine-binding protein gene family lead to the genomic evolution of plant-architecture and inflorescence-development phenotypes in Sesamum.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)of an interspecific population and genome comparisons revealed a long terminal repeat insertion and a sequence deletion inDIR genes of wildSesamum angustifoliumand cultivated sesame,respectively;both variations independently cause high susceptibility toFusariumwilt disease.A GWAS of 560 sesame accessions combined with an overexpression study confirmed that the NAC1andPPOgenes play an important role in upregulating oil content of sesame.Our study provides high-quality genomic resources for cultivated and wild Sesamum species and insights that can improve molecular breeding strategies for sesame and other oilseed crops.

Voltage sag compensation strategy for unified power quality conditioner with simultaneous reactive power injection

Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)holds the capability of solving power quality problems,especially shows good performance in the voltage sag compensation. In this paper, a compensation strategy based on simultaneous reactive power injection for UPQC(namely UPQC-SRI) is proposed to address the issue of voltage sag. The proposed UPQC-SRI determines the injection angle of compensation voltage with consideration of optimal configuration of UPQC current-carrying.Moreover, the compensation strategy also considers the current-carrying limit of UPQC, and then the zero active power injection region of UPQC-SRI(also called UPQCSRI region) is obtained. Under the conditions which exceed the UPQC-SRI region, the limit value of shunt current is determined by this proposed strategy. Finally, the proposed strategy and the corresponding algorithm are verified under the PSCAD/EMTDC platform. The result indicates the proposed UPQC-SRI strategy in this paper can provide more persistent voltage sag compensation than the previous strategies for the sensitive load.

Evolutionary analysis of Omicron variant BF.7 and BA.5.2 pandemic in China

On December 7,2022,China adjusted public health control measures,there have been widespread of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Chinese mainland.As the number of infected people increased,the mutation probability of SARS-CoV-2 is also raised.Therefore,it is of great importance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 variants and its mutations in China.In this current study,665 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from China deposited in the public database were used to analyze the proportion of different variants;to determine the composition of variants in China across different provinces;and analyze specific mutation frequency,focusing on 12 immune escape residues.The results showed that no new mutations were generated on the 12 immune escape residues.The evolutionary analysis of the BF.7 variant circulating in China showed that there is an independent evolutionary branch with unique mutation sites,officially named BF.7.14 by PANGO.This variant may have been imported from Russia to Inner Mongolia at the end of September 2022 and continued its spread in China.The evolutionary analysis of BA.5.2 variant shows that the variant is composed of two sub-variants,named BA.5.2.48 and BA.5.2.49 by PANGO,respectively.This variant may have been imported from abroad to Beijing at the beginning of September 2022 and formed two sub-variants after domestic transmission.Finally,this study showed that current epidemic variants in China were already circulating in other countries,and there were no additional mutations on immune escape residues that could pose a threat to other countries.

Origin and evolutionary analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has evolved rapidly into new variants throughout the pandemic.The Omicron variant has more than 50 mutations when compared with the original wild-type strain and has been identified globally in numerous countries.In this report,we analyzed the mutational profiles of several variants,including the per-site mutation rate,to determine evolutionary relationships.The Omicron variant was found to have a unique mutation profile when compared with that of other SARS-CoV-2 variants,containing mutations that are rare in clinical samples.Moreover,the presence of five mouse-adapted mutation sites suggests that Omicron may have evolved in a mouse host.Mutations in the Omicron receptor-binding domain(RBD)region,in particular,have potential implications for the ongoing pandemic.

Copper（Ⅱ） Acetylacetonate： An Efficient Catalyst for Huisgen- Click Reaction for Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazoles in Water

An efficient and green copper（Ⅱ） acetylacetonate-catalyzed protocol for the Huisgen-click reaction in water at 100℃ has been established. The protocol was not only suitable for the reaction between organic azides and alkynes, but also suitable for one-pot three-component reaction among alkyl halides, NaN3 and alkynes.

“Mutation blacklist”and “mutation whitelist”of SARS-CoV-2

Over the past two years,scientists throughout the world have completed more than 6 million SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences.Today,the number of SARS-CoV-2 genomes exceeds the total number of all other viral genomes.These genomes are a record of the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the human host,and provide information on the emergence of mutations.In this study,analysis of these sequenced genomes identified 296,728 de novo mutations(DNMs),and found that six types of base substitutions reached saturation in the sequenced genome population.Based on this analysis,a“mutation blacklist”of SARS-CoV-2 was compiled.The loci on the“mutation blacklist”are highly conserved,and these mutations likely have detrimental effects on virus survival,replication,and transmission.This information is valuable for SARS-CoV-2 research on gene function,vaccine design,and drug development.Through association analysis of DNMs and viral transmission rates,we identified 185 DNMs that positively correlated with the SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate,and these DNMs where classified as the“mutation whitelist”of SARS-CoV-2.The mutations on the“mutation whitelist”are beneficial for SARS-CoV-2 transmission and could therefore be used to evaluate the transmissibility of new variants.The occurrence of mutations and the evolution of viruses are dynamic processes.To more effectively monitor the mutations and variants of SARS-CoV-2,we built a SARS-CoV-2 mutation and variant monitoring and pre-warning system(MVMPS),which can monitor the occurrence and development of mutations and variants of SARSCoV-2,as well as provide pre-warning for the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2(https://www.omicx.cn/).Additionally,this system could be used in real-time to update the“mutation whitelist”and“mutation blacklist”of SARS-CoV-2.

Disease X Testing:The results of an international external quality assessment exercise

The United Nations Secretary-General Mechanism(UNSGM)for investigation of the alleged use of chemical and biological weapons is the only established international mechanism of this type under the UN.The UNGSM may launch an international investigation,relying on a roster of expert consultants,qualified experts,and analytical laboratories nominated by the member states.Under the framework of the UNSGM,we organized an external quality assurance exercise for nominated laboratories,named the Disease X Test,to improve the ability to discover and identify new pathogens that may cause possible epidemics and to determine their animal origin.The“what-if”scenario was to identify the etiological agent responsible for an outbreak that has tested negative for many known pathogens,including viruses and bacteria.Three microbes were added to the samples,Dabie bandavirus,Mammarenavirus,and Gemella spp.,of which the last two have not been taxonomically named or published.The animal samples were from Rattus norvegicus,Marmota himalayana,New Zealand white rabbit,and the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis.Of the 11 international laboratories that participated in this activity,six accurately identified pathogen X as a new Mammarenavirus,and five correctly identified the animal origin as R.norvegicus.These results showed that many laboratories under the UNSGM have the capacity and ability to identify a new virus during a possible international investigation of a suspected biological event.The technical details are discussed in this report.

Massive‐scale genomic analysis reveals SARS‐CoV‐2 mutation characteristics and evolutionary trends

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)pandemic resulted in significant societal costs.Hence,an in‐depth understanding of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus mutation and its evolution will help determine the direction of the COVID‐19 pandemic.In this study,we identified 296,728 de novo mutations in more than 2,800,000 high‐quality SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes.All possible factors affecting the mutation frequency of SARS‐CoV‐2 in human hosts were analyzed,including zinc finger antiviral proteins,sequence context,amino acid change,and translation efficiency.As a result,we proposed that when adenine(A)and tyrosine(T)bases are in the context of AM(M stands for adenine or cytosine)or TA motif,A or T base has lower mutation frequency.Furthermore,we hypothesized that translation efficiency can affect the mutation frequency of the third position of the codon by the selection,which explains why SARS‐CoV‐2 prefers AT3 codons usage.In addition,we found a host‐specific asymmetric dinucleotide mutation frequency in the SARS‐CoV‐2 genome,which provides a new basis for determining the origin of the SARS‐CoV‐2.Finally,we summarize all possible factors affecting mutation frequency and provide insights into the mutation characteristics and evolutionary trends of SARS‐CoV‐2.