The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous w...The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous wettability in rocks.Variations in sample composi-tion can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements.In this paper,the method of using the magnetic susceptibility contrast between rock skeleton and saturated fluid to estimate wettability is proposed.The theoretical feasibility was firstly analyzed,and then the internal gradients caused by magnetic susceptibility contrasts were employed to interpret wettability alteration before and after ageing process in rocks.It was discovered that water and oil in the same pores experienced different internal gradients after ageing,which were associated with the differences in magnetic susceptibility con-trasts.After that,the free induction decay measurement was performed to acquire mag-netic susceptibility contrasts of artificial sandstone samples with the intermediate-wet condition.A refined NMR wettability index was presented and correlated with the Amott wettability tests.The experimental results demonstrate that the new method for deter-mining wettability is feasible.展开更多
In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm opti...In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm optimization （PSO）, the genetic algorithm （GA）, and a robust optimization method based on design for six sigma （DFSS）, have been applied to realize uniform current distribution among the multilayer HTS conductors. The continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius, and winding direction of each layer, are chosen as the design parameters. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current, PSO is proven to be a more powerful tool than GA for structural parameter optimization, and DFSS can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality.展开更多
Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF...Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF grade)were randomly divided into the control group and the OVA model group.In the OVA model group,mice were given intraperitoneal injection of OVA solution for sensitization(100μg/ml)at weeks 1,2,and 3,and each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml.On the 22nd to 28th days,the mice were given an OVA solution(100 mg/ml)for nasal stimulation,10μl per mouse,and 5μl per nostril for 7 consecutive days.The general behavior,body weight,and survival rate of the mice were observed on days 22-28,respectively.After 15 minutes of challenge on days 25 and 28,the number of sneezing and sniffing within 15 minutes was recorded.On day 29,spleen and thymus indexes of mice were evaluated,and blood was collected from the orbit to isolate serum,the IgE level was measured,and the histological changes of the nasal mucosa of the mice were observed.Results:OVA can cause significant weight loss in mice,and the weight of mice in the OVA model group is significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).On the 25th and 28th days,the number of sneezes in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(19.27±4.89)vs(4.45±1.25);(19.78±4.92)vs(4.52±1.28);P<0.05].The number of nasal scratching in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(23.14±7.17)vs(13.52±7.64);(23.75±7.35)vs(13.60±7.71);P<0.05].The spleen index of the OVA model group was significantly higher than that of the control group[(8.64±1.49)mg/g vs(4.04±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05],and the thymus index of the OVA model group was significantly lower than that of the control group[(0.75±0.54)mg/g vs(1.87±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05].The IgE level of the OVA model group were significantly higher than that of the control group[(932.86±352.34)μg/ml vs(99.82±0.97)μg/ml,P<0.05].The nasal mucosal tissue lesions in the model group were obvious.Conclusion:In this experiment,a modified OVA-aluminum adjuvant was used to successfully establish the mice model of allergic rhinitis.展开更多
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element im...Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element immobilized on the SPR sensor surface, has been widely used in various realms, such as investigating biomolecular interactions and binding properties, detection of biological and chemical analytes, environmental monitoring, food safety and medical diagnostics. This paper reviews the development of SPR sensors and SPR commercial instruments, and emphatically introduces the time-resolved surface plasmon resonance (TR-SPR) techniques. The excellent performances of high sensitivity and rapid detection are easily achieved with TR-SPR spectrometer, whereas the traditional SPR spectrometer cannot be accomplished. Therefore, TR-SPR spectrometer is appropriate for real time analysis of bio-recognition events and small molecular dynamics. However, only two commercial TR-SPR instruments have been exhibited at present, Thermo FT-SPR 100 and Autolab ESPRIT (SPRINGLE). Unfortunately, the high-priced instruments are not suitable for extensive applications in laboratories at present. Herein, a novel commercial TR-SPR spectrometer has been introduced in this review.展开更多
Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive p...Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method and seasonal Kendall test method were adopted to study and analyze the characteristics of surface water resources and the changing trend of water quality in the river section.The results show that the water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River was generally good,and the water quality of each function zone reached the target requirement.The comprehensive pollution index was controlled between 0.21 and 0.40 over the years,and there was no significant change in time and space,and the water quality was relatively stable.The dissolved oxygen and permanganate index tended to improve,and there was no change in five-day biochemical oxygen demand,while ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus showed an upward trend.The water quality as a whole showed a trend of deterioration.By discussing the influencing factors of the characteristic pollutants,the causes of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River were further analyzed.It is suggested to strengthen the supervision and control of non-point source and point source pollution.展开更多
Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and ...Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and oxygen evolution reactions(OER).Herein,conjugated polyaniline-phytic acid polymer(pANI-PA)was directly calcined to fabricate Co_(2)P nanoparticles embedded in N,P-doped carbon network composites(Co_(2)P@pDC-PA)for metal-air cathodes.The resulting pANI-PA derived Co_(2)Pbased carbon composite exhibits exceptional bifunctional ORR/OER activities with a half-wave potential of 0.79 V for ORR and 1.62 V of over-potential for OER at 10mA·cm^(-2).Owing to the synergistic effect of its unique three-dimensional(3D)structure,N,P-doped carbon framework,and encapsulated Co_(2)P nanoparticles,as-fabricated composite can be used as a highly efficient air cathode in the rechargeable metal-air battery.The assembled rechargeable ZAB demonstrates a high-power density of 190.0 mW·cm^(-2)and remarkable cycling stability over1000 h.This study introduced a novel approach that paves the way for the efficient,cost-effective,and scalable production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable ZABs.展开更多
Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge ...Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge structures.This study investigated the application of stress-dependent damping associated with vehicle-bridge coupling vibration and based on that investigation proposed the stress-dependent damping ratio.The results of the investigation show that the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly different from the constant damping ratio(5%)defined in the standard specification.When vehicles travel at speeds of 30,60,and 90,the damping ratios of the bridge model are 3.656%,3.658%,and 3.671%,respectively.The peak accelerations using the regular damping ratio are 18.9%,21.3%,and 14.5%of the stress-dependent damping ratio,respectively.When the vehicle load on the bridge is doubled,the peak acceleration of the mid-span node increases by 5.4 times,and the stress-related damping ratio increases by 2.1%.A corrugated steel-web bridge is being used as a case study,and the vibration response of the bridge is compared with the measured results.The acceleration response of the bridge which was calculated using the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly closer to the measured acceleration response than that using the regular damping ratio.展开更多
Owing to its remarkable benefits on metabolic health and its demonstrated presence in adult humans,beige or‘brite'adipocytes holdgreatpromiseto combat obesity and metabolic diseases.Delineation of the mechanisms ...Owing to its remarkable benefits on metabolic health and its demonstrated presence in adult humans,beige or‘brite'adipocytes holdgreatpromiseto combat obesity and metabolic diseases.Delineation of the mechanisms involved inadipocyte‘beiging'or‘browning'is thus of particular interest.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42004105)Natural Science General Program of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.20KJD430002)+1 种基金Foundation of Changzhou Institute of Technology(YN20025)College student innovation and entrepreneurship training program(202211055012Z and 202211055067X).
文摘The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous wettability in rocks.Variations in sample composi-tion can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements.In this paper,the method of using the magnetic susceptibility contrast between rock skeleton and saturated fluid to estimate wettability is proposed.The theoretical feasibility was firstly analyzed,and then the internal gradients caused by magnetic susceptibility contrasts were employed to interpret wettability alteration before and after ageing process in rocks.It was discovered that water and oil in the same pores experienced different internal gradients after ageing,which were associated with the differences in magnetic susceptibility con-trasts.After that,the free induction decay measurement was performed to acquire mag-netic susceptibility contrasts of artificial sandstone samples with the intermediate-wet condition.A refined NMR wettability index was presented and correlated with the Amott wettability tests.The experimental results demonstrate that the new method for deter-mining wettability is feasible.
文摘In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm optimization （PSO）, the genetic algorithm （GA）, and a robust optimization method based on design for six sigma （DFSS）, have been applied to realize uniform current distribution among the multilayer HTS conductors. The continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius, and winding direction of each layer, are chosen as the design parameters. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current, PSO is proven to be a more powerful tool than GA for structural parameter optimization, and DFSS can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project-Major New Drug Creation Project(No.2018ZX09711003-005-007)Xinjiang Real Estate Chinese Medicine and National Medicine New Drug R&D Project(No.2016-01-01).
文摘Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF grade)were randomly divided into the control group and the OVA model group.In the OVA model group,mice were given intraperitoneal injection of OVA solution for sensitization(100μg/ml)at weeks 1,2,and 3,and each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml.On the 22nd to 28th days,the mice were given an OVA solution(100 mg/ml)for nasal stimulation,10μl per mouse,and 5μl per nostril for 7 consecutive days.The general behavior,body weight,and survival rate of the mice were observed on days 22-28,respectively.After 15 minutes of challenge on days 25 and 28,the number of sneezing and sniffing within 15 minutes was recorded.On day 29,spleen and thymus indexes of mice were evaluated,and blood was collected from the orbit to isolate serum,the IgE level was measured,and the histological changes of the nasal mucosa of the mice were observed.Results:OVA can cause significant weight loss in mice,and the weight of mice in the OVA model group is significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).On the 25th and 28th days,the number of sneezes in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(19.27±4.89)vs(4.45±1.25);(19.78±4.92)vs(4.52±1.28);P<0.05].The number of nasal scratching in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(23.14±7.17)vs(13.52±7.64);(23.75±7.35)vs(13.60±7.71);P<0.05].The spleen index of the OVA model group was significantly higher than that of the control group[(8.64±1.49)mg/g vs(4.04±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05],and the thymus index of the OVA model group was significantly lower than that of the control group[(0.75±0.54)mg/g vs(1.87±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05].The IgE level of the OVA model group were significantly higher than that of the control group[(932.86±352.34)μg/ml vs(99.82±0.97)μg/ml,P<0.05].The nasal mucosal tissue lesions in the model group were obvious.Conclusion:In this experiment,a modified OVA-aluminum adjuvant was used to successfully establish the mice model of allergic rhinitis.
文摘Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element immobilized on the SPR sensor surface, has been widely used in various realms, such as investigating biomolecular interactions and binding properties, detection of biological and chemical analytes, environmental monitoring, food safety and medical diagnostics. This paper reviews the development of SPR sensors and SPR commercial instruments, and emphatically introduces the time-resolved surface plasmon resonance (TR-SPR) techniques. The excellent performances of high sensitivity and rapid detection are easily achieved with TR-SPR spectrometer, whereas the traditional SPR spectrometer cannot be accomplished. Therefore, TR-SPR spectrometer is appropriate for real time analysis of bio-recognition events and small molecular dynamics. However, only two commercial TR-SPR instruments have been exhibited at present, Thermo FT-SPR 100 and Autolab ESPRIT (SPRINGLE). Unfortunately, the high-priced instruments are not suitable for extensive applications in laboratories at present. Herein, a novel commercial TR-SPR spectrometer has been introduced in this review.
基金Supported by the Open Foundation of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Ecological Environment Research Center,Ministry of Water Resources(ZXKT201707)Science and Technology Innovation Foundation for Young Scholars of Jiangxi Hydrological Bureau in 2018(SWJJ-KT201805).
文摘Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method and seasonal Kendall test method were adopted to study and analyze the characteristics of surface water resources and the changing trend of water quality in the river section.The results show that the water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River was generally good,and the water quality of each function zone reached the target requirement.The comprehensive pollution index was controlled between 0.21 and 0.40 over the years,and there was no significant change in time and space,and the water quality was relatively stable.The dissolved oxygen and permanganate index tended to improve,and there was no change in five-day biochemical oxygen demand,while ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus showed an upward trend.The water quality as a whole showed a trend of deterioration.By discussing the influencing factors of the characteristic pollutants,the causes of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River were further analyzed.It is suggested to strengthen the supervision and control of non-point source and point source pollution.
基金financially supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation and Huangshi of China(No.2022CFD039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075072,52202284 and 52301272)+6 种基金the College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China(Nos.D202305271035223001,D202305271407085899 and D202305272109110950)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LQ23E020002)Wenzhou Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Projects(No.ZG2023053)Wenzhou Natural Science Foundation(Nos.ZG2022032,G20220019 and G20220021)the Cooperation between Industry and Education Project of Ministry of Education(No.220601318235513)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi'an Jiaotong University(No.EIPE22208)the Doctoral Innovation Foundation of Wenzhou University(No.3162023001001)。
文摘Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and oxygen evolution reactions(OER).Herein,conjugated polyaniline-phytic acid polymer(pANI-PA)was directly calcined to fabricate Co_(2)P nanoparticles embedded in N,P-doped carbon network composites(Co_(2)P@pDC-PA)for metal-air cathodes.The resulting pANI-PA derived Co_(2)Pbased carbon composite exhibits exceptional bifunctional ORR/OER activities with a half-wave potential of 0.79 V for ORR and 1.62 V of over-potential for OER at 10mA·cm^(-2).Owing to the synergistic effect of its unique three-dimensional(3D)structure,N,P-doped carbon framework,and encapsulated Co_(2)P nanoparticles,as-fabricated composite can be used as a highly efficient air cathode in the rechargeable metal-air battery.The assembled rechargeable ZAB demonstrates a high-power density of 190.0 mW·cm^(-2)and remarkable cycling stability over1000 h.This study introduced a novel approach that paves the way for the efficient,cost-effective,and scalable production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable ZABs.
基金This work was supported by the Open Project of National Engineering Laboratory of Bridge Structure Safety Technology of China(No.2020-GJKFKT-7)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Research Institutes and Public Service Special Operations of China(No.2021-9083a)+1 种基金the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province of China(No.2019B111106002)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Research Institutes and Public Service Special Operations of China(No.2021-9015b).
文摘Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge structures.This study investigated the application of stress-dependent damping associated with vehicle-bridge coupling vibration and based on that investigation proposed the stress-dependent damping ratio.The results of the investigation show that the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly different from the constant damping ratio(5%)defined in the standard specification.When vehicles travel at speeds of 30,60,and 90,the damping ratios of the bridge model are 3.656%,3.658%,and 3.671%,respectively.The peak accelerations using the regular damping ratio are 18.9%,21.3%,and 14.5%of the stress-dependent damping ratio,respectively.When the vehicle load on the bridge is doubled,the peak acceleration of the mid-span node increases by 5.4 times,and the stress-related damping ratio increases by 2.1%.A corrugated steel-web bridge is being used as a case study,and the vibration response of the bridge is compared with the measured results.The acceleration response of the bridge which was calculated using the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly closer to the measured acceleration response than that using the regular damping ratio.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31922033,91857105,32071136,32100922,and 32100942)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20170014 and SWYY-002)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M691524)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021414380511)。
文摘Owing to its remarkable benefits on metabolic health and its demonstrated presence in adult humans,beige or‘brite'adipocytes holdgreatpromiseto combat obesity and metabolic diseases.Delineation of the mechanisms involved inadipocyte‘beiging'or‘browning'is thus of particular interest.
