First case of forearm crisscross injury in children:A case report

BACKGROUND Forearm crisscross injury is rare in children;there is no relevant literature so far.Surgeons lack experience and knowledge in treating this type of crisscross injury.We report a case of forearm crisscross injury in a child for the first time and analyze its mechanism.CASE SUMMARY An 8-year-old boy experienced pain in his left forearm when he accidentally fell while skateboarding.Physical examination revealed swelling and deformity of the left forearm.We performed imaging and the results revealed left radial head dislocation,left distal radial epiphyseal separation from the shaft,and interruption of the continuity of the dorsal cortex of the left distal ulna.Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films showed that the radius and ulna were crisscrossed.A diagnosis of superior radioulnar joint dislocation,left distal radial epiphyseal injury,and left distal ulnar fracture was made.After unsuccessful manual reduction,we adopted a minimally invasive procedure and succeeded.After a 14-wk period of follow-up,the patient had good left upper limb function,no complaints of pain or limited range of motion,and good follow-up results.CONCLUSION This is the first report of a child with a forearm crisscross injury in which the mechanism and the differences from adult crisscross injury are analyzed.Minimally invasive surgery with intramedullary fixation can achieve a good therapeutic effect.This case provides a reference for the treatment of similar patients in the future.

Network analysis identifies common genes associated with obesity in six obesity-related alseases

Obesity has been reported to be associated withmany diseases. However, common obesity-inducedbiological processes have not been evaluated acrossthese diseases. We identified genes associated withobesity and obesity-related diseases, and used them toconstruct protein-protein interaction networks. We alsoanalyzed gene ontology （GO） in those genes over-lapping between obesity and disease. Our work iden-tifies gene modules common to obesity and obesity-related diseases, which can provide a basis for under-standing the process of how obesity induces disease.

Anti-tumor effects of combined doxorubicin and siRNA for pulmonary delivery

Direct administration of drugs and genes to the lungs by pulmonary delivery offers a potential effective therapy for lung cancers.In this study,combined doxorubicin（DOX） and Bcl2 siRNA was employed for cancer therapy using polyethylenimine（PEI） as the carrier of Bcl2 siRNA.Most of the DOX and siRNA possessed high cellular uptake efficiency in B16F10 cells,which was proved by FCM and CLSM analysis.Real-time PCR showed that PEI/Bcl2 siRNA exhibited high gene silencing efficiency with 70%Bcl2 mRNA being knocked down.The combination of DOX and siRNA could enhance the cell proliferation inhibition and the cell apoptosis against B16F10 cells compared to free DOX or PEI/Bcl2 siRNA.Furthermore,the biodistribution of DOX and siRNA via pulmonary administration was studied in mice with B16F10 metastatic lung cancer.The results showed that most of the DOX and siRNA were accumulated in lungs and lasted at least for 3 days,which suggested that combined DOX and siRNA by pulmonary administration may have high anti-tumor effects for metastatic lung cancer treatment in vivo.