In this study,the cyclic oxidation tests of the Ni3Al-based single-crystal super alloy IC21 were carried out at 800,900,950,1000,1050 and 1100℃in air.The present study shows that the complex oxide scale on the surfac...In this study,the cyclic oxidation tests of the Ni3Al-based single-crystal super alloy IC21 were carried out at 800,900,950,1000,1050 and 1100℃in air.The present study shows that the complex oxide scale on the surface of the alloy is made up of an outer columnar NiO layer,an intermediate mixture of NiO and NiAl2O4layer with a small amount of Mo oxides and an inner continuous layer ofα-Al_(2)O_(3).The cyclic oxidation kinetics curves show that oxidation resistance at 800,900,950,1000 and1050℃seems to follow a similar law and is better than that at 1100℃.The overall weight changes at 1100℃follows a parabolic law.Spallation and severe rumpling of the oxide scale are observed on the surface of the alloy at1100℃,revealing the occurrence of disastrous oxidation.展开更多
Active control of turbine blade tip clearance for aircraft engine continues to be a concern in engine opera- tion, because turbine blades are subjected to wear and therefore cause an increasing tip clearance between t...Active control of turbine blade tip clearance for aircraft engine continues to be a concern in engine opera- tion, because turbine blades are subjected to wear and therefore cause an increasing tip clearance between the rotating blades and the shroud and also reduce the engine efficiency. In this work, a Ni-rich Ni3A1 coating with γ'/γ two-phase microstructure was deposited by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), which worked as repairing the worn blade tips of single crystal blades. Nb molten pool was used to increase the molten pool tem- perature and thus to enhance the deposition rate. The microstructures and mechanical properties can be modified by the deposition temperatures and the following heat treatments. All coatings consist of γ' and γ phases. At deposition temperature of 600 ℃, a dense microstructure can be achieved to produce a coating with grain size of 1 μm and microhardness of -HV 477. After being heated for 4 h at a temperature of 1,100 ℃, the coatings have a more uniform microstructure, and microhardness maintains at a high level of -HV 292. Effect of Hf and Zr on EB-PVD Ni3Al repair coating will be further investigated.展开更多
A low-density single crystal(LDS) alloy with the composition of high Mo content was designed.The extra 1.5 wt% Mo was added in the Alloy A with the composition of Ni-6.5 Al-8.0 Mo-2.4 Cr-6.2 Ta-4.9 Co-1.5 Re-(0.01-0.0...A low-density single crystal(LDS) alloy with the composition of high Mo content was designed.The extra 1.5 wt% Mo was added in the Alloy A with the composition of Ni-6.5 Al-8.0 Mo-2.4 Cr-6.2 Ta-4.9 Co-1.5 Re-(0.01-0.05) Y(wt%) to study the influence of Mo on the lattice parameter and partitioning behavior.Scanning electron microscope(SEM) with energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and high-temperature X-ray diffraction(HT-XRD) were used to observe the microstructure,analyze the elemental content and measure the lattice parameter of the alloys.The natural lattice misfit was calculated by lattice constants which were measured by HT-XRD at the temperature from 25 to 1150℃,and the results showed that the lattice misfit would be more and more negative with temperature increasing.It was found that 1.5 wt% addition of Mo will increase the absolute value of the lattice misfit of γ/γ’phases and the volume fraction of γ’,and at the same time,influence the elemental distribution in γ and γ’ phases,especially Re and Cr.Re has a higher partitioning ratio(k) after the addition of Mo.展开更多
The influence of blades assembly,i.e.,the blade number on the solidification process,heat exchange and grain structure on a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 was investigated by combining the experime...The influence of blades assembly,i.e.,the blade number on the solidification process,heat exchange and grain structure on a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 was investigated by combining the experimental and simulation results.The casting process was simulated thermodynamically by ProCAST software,where the interface heat transfer coefficient was precisely determined by a measurement with thermocouples.There is a good agreement between experimental and simulation results.It was interestingly found that with the number of blades increasing from 6 to 10,due to the decrease in radiation absorption efficiency,the maximum temperature and the heating rate decrease in the mold,during the preheat process.During the withdrawal procedure,increased assembly numbers reduce the radiation exchange from mold to the enclosure,resulting in the decrease in cooling rate and temperature gradient of the blades.At the end of withdrawal,the slower cooling rate of the outside balances the temperature distribution of internal and external surfaces on the rabbet of blade.展开更多
The effect of applied tensile stress on the r'-rafting behavior for a Ni-based single-crystal superalloy with more negative misfit was investigated.By conducting interrupted creep tests at high temperature,it indi...The effect of applied tensile stress on the r'-rafting behavior for a Ni-based single-crystal superalloy with more negative misfit was investigated.By conducting interrupted creep tests at high temperature,it indicated that the increase in the applied stress accelerates the r'-rafting(directional coarsening of yr phase).In the early stage of rafting,the r'-cubes start interconnecting at the ends of the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel.The distributions of misfit stress,coherent strain and strain energy density of the r/r'phases are then calculated by finite element analysis.The calculation results show that the rafting acceleration is mainly ascribed to the reduced strain energy density in the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel that is driven from the couple interaction of external load and misfit stress.Interface dislocation network formation,resulting from the misfit-induced increase in resolved shear stress,also contributes to the r'-rafting.展开更多
Ni-based single crystal superalloy IC21 with different Ce con tents was prepared by screw selection method,and Al-Si coatings were prepared by pack cementation.Cyclic oxidation and transient oxidation were carried out...Ni-based single crystal superalloy IC21 with different Ce con tents was prepared by screw selection method,and Al-Si coatings were prepared by pack cementation.Cyclic oxidation and transient oxidation were carried out at 1150℃ to investigate the effect of Ce on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Al-Si coatings.After cyclic oxidation at 1150℃,the addition of trace Ce decreased the mass gain of the Al-Si-coated samples and effectively improved oxidation perform a nee and spallation resistance.In specimens without Ce doping,microstructure examinatio n revealed that bulkyγ-Ni3Al precipitated in oxidized coating because of high Al con sumption,and this finding suggests that Ce inhibits the consumption of Al in the coating during oxidation.Ce slows down the Ininsformation of O-Al2O3 to oc-Al2O3 and improves the adhesion of the oxide scale.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51371014)。
文摘In this study,the cyclic oxidation tests of the Ni3Al-based single-crystal super alloy IC21 were carried out at 800,900,950,1000,1050 and 1100℃in air.The present study shows that the complex oxide scale on the surface of the alloy is made up of an outer columnar NiO layer,an intermediate mixture of NiO and NiAl2O4layer with a small amount of Mo oxides and an inner continuous layer ofα-Al_(2)O_(3).The cyclic oxidation kinetics curves show that oxidation resistance at 800,900,950,1000 and1050℃seems to follow a similar law and is better than that at 1100℃.The overall weight changes at 1100℃follows a parabolic law.Spallation and severe rumpling of the oxide scale are observed on the surface of the alloy at1100℃,revealing the occurrence of disastrous oxidation.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2013M540037)
文摘Active control of turbine blade tip clearance for aircraft engine continues to be a concern in engine opera- tion, because turbine blades are subjected to wear and therefore cause an increasing tip clearance between the rotating blades and the shroud and also reduce the engine efficiency. In this work, a Ni-rich Ni3A1 coating with γ'/γ two-phase microstructure was deposited by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), which worked as repairing the worn blade tips of single crystal blades. Nb molten pool was used to increase the molten pool tem- perature and thus to enhance the deposition rate. The microstructures and mechanical properties can be modified by the deposition temperatures and the following heat treatments. All coatings consist of γ' and γ phases. At deposition temperature of 600 ℃, a dense microstructure can be achieved to produce a coating with grain size of 1 μm and microhardness of -HV 477. After being heated for 4 h at a temperature of 1,100 ℃, the coatings have a more uniform microstructure, and microhardness maintains at a high level of -HV 292. Effect of Hf and Zr on EB-PVD Ni3Al repair coating will be further investigated.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1435207,51371007 and 51671015)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(No.A2120132006)。
文摘A low-density single crystal(LDS) alloy with the composition of high Mo content was designed.The extra 1.5 wt% Mo was added in the Alloy A with the composition of Ni-6.5 Al-8.0 Mo-2.4 Cr-6.2 Ta-4.9 Co-1.5 Re-(0.01-0.05) Y(wt%) to study the influence of Mo on the lattice parameter and partitioning behavior.Scanning electron microscope(SEM) with energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and high-temperature X-ray diffraction(HT-XRD) were used to observe the microstructure,analyze the elemental content and measure the lattice parameter of the alloys.The natural lattice misfit was calculated by lattice constants which were measured by HT-XRD at the temperature from 25 to 1150℃,and the results showed that the lattice misfit would be more and more negative with temperature increasing.It was found that 1.5 wt% addition of Mo will increase the absolute value of the lattice misfit of γ/γ’phases and the volume fraction of γ’,and at the same time,influence the elemental distribution in γ and γ’ phases,especially Re and Cr.Re has a higher partitioning ratio(k) after the addition of Mo.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.U1435207 and 51771007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0700700)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018M631305)。
文摘The influence of blades assembly,i.e.,the blade number on the solidification process,heat exchange and grain structure on a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 was investigated by combining the experimental and simulation results.The casting process was simulated thermodynamically by ProCAST software,where the interface heat transfer coefficient was precisely determined by a measurement with thermocouples.There is a good agreement between experimental and simulation results.It was interestingly found that with the number of blades increasing from 6 to 10,due to the decrease in radiation absorption efficiency,the maximum temperature and the heating rate decrease in the mold,during the preheat process.During the withdrawal procedure,increased assembly numbers reduce the radiation exchange from mold to the enclosure,resulting in the decrease in cooling rate and temperature gradient of the blades.At the end of withdrawal,the slower cooling rate of the outside balances the temperature distribution of internal and external surfaces on the rabbet of blade.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1435207,51771007,51671015)National Defense Basic Scientific Research Project(No.A2120132006).
文摘The effect of applied tensile stress on the r'-rafting behavior for a Ni-based single-crystal superalloy with more negative misfit was investigated.By conducting interrupted creep tests at high temperature,it indicated that the increase in the applied stress accelerates the r'-rafting(directional coarsening of yr phase).In the early stage of rafting,the r'-cubes start interconnecting at the ends of the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel.The distributions of misfit stress,coherent strain and strain energy density of the r/r'phases are then calculated by finite element analysis.The calculation results show that the rafting acceleration is mainly ascribed to the reduced strain energy density in the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel that is driven from the couple interaction of external load and misfit stress.Interface dislocation network formation,resulting from the misfit-induced increase in resolved shear stress,also contributes to the r'-rafting.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51371004).
文摘Ni-based single crystal superalloy IC21 with different Ce con tents was prepared by screw selection method,and Al-Si coatings were prepared by pack cementation.Cyclic oxidation and transient oxidation were carried out at 1150℃ to investigate the effect of Ce on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Al-Si coatings.After cyclic oxidation at 1150℃,the addition of trace Ce decreased the mass gain of the Al-Si-coated samples and effectively improved oxidation perform a nee and spallation resistance.In specimens without Ce doping,microstructure examinatio n revealed that bulkyγ-Ni3Al precipitated in oxidized coating because of high Al con sumption,and this finding suggests that Ce inhibits the consumption of Al in the coating during oxidation.Ce slows down the Ininsformation of O-Al2O3 to oc-Al2O3 and improves the adhesion of the oxide scale.