Structure-catalytic functionality of size-facet-performance in pentlandite nanoparticles

As one of the pentlandites,Fe5Ni4S8(FNS) based materials have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent catalytic properties and promising applicability.The control over the catalyst surface structure often benefits its heterogeneous catalytic activity.However,this has not been investigated for FNS materials at the nanoscale regarding the catalytic activity related to high-index facets.Herein,FNS nanoparticles(FNSNPs) with enclosed continuous tunable high-index facets were prepared and studied to clarify the relationship between the structure and catalytic functionality.The results suggested strong dependence between exposed facets of FNSNPs and their sizes.The decline in the average size to5.8 nm led to enclosing by high-index facets(422) and(511) to yield optimal electrocatalytic activities toward the hydrogen evolution reaction.The catalytic activity of FNSNPs was closely related to the surface energy of the main exposed facets.These findings clarified the relationship between high-index-facet and high-surface-energy FNSNPs,as promising approaches in crystal surface control engineering.

Enhanced reconstruction of Fe_(5)Ni_(4)S_(8) by implanting pyrrolidone to unlock efficient oxygen evolution

During oxygen evolution reaction(OER),complex changes have been reported on surfaces of bimetallic Fe-Ni-based catalysts,and regulating the dynamic evolution could improve their electrocatalytic performances.Herein,a pyrrolidone-promoted reconstruction of pentlandite was investigated to uncover the correlation between the reconstructed surface and the OER performance.The theoretical calculations indicated the preferential implantation of pyrrolidone at Fe atoms,useful for regulating the electronic structures of pentlandite.The vale nce state of Ni increased,suggesting the promotion of the in-situ reconstruction of pentlandite via strengthening hydroxyl adsorption to generate highly active NiOOH.The electron-rich pentlandite was also found conducive to charge transfer under applied voltages.The Operando Raman and various quasi-in-situ characterizations confirmed the realization of more delocalized electronic structures of pentlandite by introducing pyrrolidone.This,in turn,promoted the accumulation of hydroxyl groups on the pentlandite surface,thereby boosting the formation of highly active NiOOH at lower OER potentials.Consequently,the adsorption energies of intermediates were optimized,conducive to enhanced OER reaction kinetics.As a proof of concept,the pentlandite decorated by pyrrolidone exhibited an overpotential as low as 265 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2) coupled with stable catalysis for 1000 hours at a high current density of 100 mA cm^(-2).In sum,new insights into unlocking the high catalytic activity of bimetallic Fe-Ni-based catalysts were provided,promising for future synthesis of advanced catalysts.

转化性小细胞肺癌研究进展

小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)转化是非小细胞肺癌尤其是表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变患者的重要耐药机制之一。目前发现转化性SCLC具有与原发性SCLC相似的临床特征,对化疗短期有效,中位生存期仅1年左右。RB1缺失、体细胞拷贝数改变与SCLC转化有关,但发生SCLC转化的确切分子机制仍不完全清楚。转化性SCLC的治疗也面临巨大的挑战,针对SCLC的化疗方案是目前的主要治疗选择,联合治疗、局部治疗以及预防SCLC转化的策略也在探索。本文将转化性SCLC的临床特征、分子机制和治疗选择进行综述。

热老化后SBS改性沥青的微观结构及自愈合性能

采用动态剪切流变仪(DSR)和原子力显微镜(AFM),分别对原样沥青、经旋转薄膜烘箱(RTFO)老化后和压力老化(PAV)后的SBS改性沥青进行测试,分析SBS改性沥青在不同老化程度、损伤程度、自愈时间和自愈温度等因素的影响下,其自愈合性能的变化规律。通过四因素三水平的正交实验,得到影响SBS沥青自愈合能力的最大因素;利用原子力显微镜观测不同老化程度下SBS改性沥青的微观结构。结果表明,影响沥青自愈合性能的最大因素是老化程度,其后依次是损伤程度、愈合温度和愈合时间;综合原子力显微镜的观测结果,沥青经老化作用后表面越粗糙,其自愈性也就越差。

Study on the Production of Pentachloronitrobenzene Monoclonal Antibody and Its ELISA Kit for Rapid Detection

[Objectives]This study was conducted to develop an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit that can detect the residual amount of pentachloronitrobenzene in Penaeus vannamei.[Methods]This study was conducted to develop an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit that can detect the residual amount of pentachloronitrobenzene in P.vannamei.[Results]The standard curve range of the kit was 0-8.1μg/L;the detection limit for P.vannamei was 0.912μg/kg;the recovery was 80.6%-103.5%;and the relative standard deviation range within batches was 5.3%-10.1%,and the relative standard deviation range between batches was 6.7%-8.1%.The specificity of the pentachloronitrobenzene monoclonal antibody was relatively good,and the cross-reaction rates with pentachlorophenol,hexachlorobenzene,tetrachlorophthalide,and chlorothalonil were low,all of which did not exceed 30%.The ELISA kit could be stored at 4℃for 12 months,showing good stability.[Conclusions]The detection kit has low cost,short time and small deviation,and is an ideal preliminary screening method.

Does the 2017 global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease revision really improve the assessment of Chinese chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?A multicenter prospective study for more than 5 years

Background:The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease(GOLD)2017 proposed a new classification that reclassified many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients from group D to B.However,there is a paucity of data related to the comparison between reclassified and non-reclassified COPD patients in terms of long-term prognosis.This study aimed to investigate long-term outcomes of them and determine whether the GOLD 2017 revision improved the assessment of COPD patients.Methods:This observational,multicenter,prospective study recruited outpatients at 12 tertiary hospitals in China from November 2016 to February 2018 and followed them up until February 2022.All enrolled patients were classified into groups A toDbased on GOLD 2017,and the subjects in group B included patients reclassified from group D to B(group DB)and those remaining in group B(group BB).Incidence rates and hazard ratios(HRs)were calculated for the exacerbation of COPD and hospitalization in each group.Results:We included and followed up 845 patients.During the first year of follow-up,the GOLD 2017 classification had a better discrimination ability for different risks of COPD exacerbation and hospitalization than GOLD 2013.Group DB was associated with a higher risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbation(HR=1.88,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.37-2.59,P<0.001)and hospitalization for COPD exacerbation(HR=2.23,95%CI=1.29-3.85,P=0.004)than group BB.However,during the last year of follow-up,the differences in the risks of frequent exacerbations and hospitalizations between group DB and BB were not statistically significant(frequent exacerbations:HR=1.02,95%CI=0.51-2.03,P=0.955;frequent hospitalizations:HR=1.66,95%CI=0.58-4.78,P=0.348).The mortality rates of the two groups were both approximately 9.0%during the entire follow-up period.Conclusions:The long-term prognosis of patients reclassified into group B and of those remaining in group B was similar,although patients reclassified from group D to group B had worse short-term outcomes.The GOLD 2017 revision could improve the assessment of Chinese COPD patients in terms of long-term prognosis.

Effect of oxide scale on corrosion behavior of HP-13Cr stainless steel during well completion process

The well completion process in oil and gas industry,aiming to build effective exploitation,is divided into acidizing and formation water production process.Oxide scale(OS)formed on the inner wall of the HP-13Cr stainless steel tubes during the hot extrusion process changes the surface roughness.The effects of OS on the corrosion of HP-13Cr stainless steel during well completion process were studied by corrosion measurement,spectra analysis,microscopic observation and numerical simulation.The results indicate that the OS make no change of phase distribution and element composition of corrosion scale,while the increasing OS roughness is the dominant factor for accelerating corrosion rate during the well completion process.In acidizing process,the greater surface roughness OS of HP-13Cr stainless steel increases the corrosion rate obviously due to a larger interfacial area in contact with the aggressive environment.During subsequent formation water production process,the turbulence eddy,formed at locations characterized with greater surface roughness OS,can deteriorate the corrosion scale and accelerate the mass transfer of the corrosive species,resulting in more serious corrosion.

Self-assembly of three Ag-polyoxovanadates frameworks for their efficient construction of C–N bond and detoxification of simulant sulfur mustard

Three imidazole-modified Ag-polyoxovanadates frameworks(APFs)with a controllable molar ratio of Ag+to polyoxovanadates(POVs)[Ag(IM)_(2)]_(2)V_(4)O_(12)·2Ag(IM)_(2)(APF-1),[Ag_(2)(1-eIM)_(4)]_(2)[Ag(1-eIM)_(2)]_(3)·2Ag(1-eIM)_(2)·3(1-HeIM)[V_(10)O_(28)]_(2)(APF-2)and[Ag(1-pIM)_(2)]_(3)[HV_(10)O_(28)]·2Ag(1-pIM)_(2)·2H_(2)O(APF-3)(IM=imida-zole;1-eIM=1-ethylimidazole and 1-pIM=1-propylimidazole)have been successfully achieved by self-assembly of POVs,Ag+cations,and three different imidazole derivatives.Interestingly,the molar ratios of Ag+to POVs vary from 4:1,4.5:1 to 5:1 by changing the vanadium resources and imidazole deriva-tives.Notably,the coordination environment of Ag+cations and the structure of POVs in the APFs are also different.Specifically,for APF-1,the four Ag atoms adopt three-coordinated and four-coordinated geometries,respectively,and Ag-imidazole complexes and[V_(4)O 1_(2)]_(4)−cluster form the one-dimensional polymeric chains.While Ag atoms in APF-2 and APF-3 exhibit two-,four-and five-coordinated geome-tries for APF-2,four-,five-and six-coordinated geometries for APF-3,respectively.These Ag+cations and decavanadate clusters are assembled into the 2D supramolecular structure through the Ag-O bonds and Ag…Ag argentophilic interaction.Remarkably,thus-obtained APF-2 can serve as powerful efficient hetero-geneous catalyst for construction of C–N bond and detoxification of simulant sulfur mustard(yields up to 99%),which enable successful recycling for three cycles with remained catalytic activities and structure stability.