The n-resolved single-electron capture in slow O^(6+)-Ne collisions

A study of single-electron capture(SEC) in 18-240 keV O^(6+)-Ne collisions has been conducted employing a combination of experimental and theoretical methodologies.Utilizing a reaction microscope,state-selective SEC cross sections and projectile scattering angle distributions were obtained.The translational energy spectra for SEC reveal the prevailing capture into n=3 states of the projectile ion,with a minor contribution from n=4 states.Notably,as the projectile's energy increases,the relative contribution of SEC n=4 states increases while that of SEC n=3 states diminishes.Furthermore,we computed state-selective relative cross sections and angular differential cross sections employing the classical molecular Coulomb over-the-barrier model(MCBM) and the multichannel Landau-Zener(MCLZ) model.A discernible discrepancy between the state-selective cross sections from the two theoretical models is apparent for the considered impact energies.However,regarding the angular differential cross sections,an overall agreement was attained between the current experimental results and the theoretical results from the MCLZ model.

Predicting recurrence in osteosarcoma via a quantitative histological image classifier derived from tumour nuclear morphological features

Recurrence is the key factor affecting the prognosis of osteosarcoma.Currently,there is a lack of clinically useful tools to predict osteosarcoma recurrence.The application of pathological images for artificial intelligence‐assisted accurate prediction of tumour out-comes is increasing.Thus,the present study constructed a quantitative histological image classifier with tumour nuclear features to predict osteosarcoma outcomes using haema-toxylin and eosin(H&E)‐stained whole‐slide images(WSIs)from 150 osteosarcoma patients.We first segmented eight distinct tissues in osteosarcoma H&E‐stained WSIs,with an average accuracy of 90.63%on the testing set.The tumour areas were auto-matically and accurately acquired,facilitating the tumour cell nuclear feature extraction process.Based on six selected tumour nuclear features,we developed an osteosarcoma histological image classifier(OSHIC)to predict the recurrence and survival of osteo-sarcoma following standard treatment.The quantitative OSHIC derived from tumour nuclear features independently predicted the recurrence and survival of osteosarcoma patients,thereby contributing to precision oncology.Moreover,we developed a fully automated workflow to extract quantitative image features,evaluate the diagnostic values of feature sets and build classifiers to predict osteosarcoma outcomes.Thus,the present study provides a novel tool for predicting osteosarcoma outcomes,which has a broad application prospect in clinical practice.

Analysis of metallic elements dissolution in the Astragalus at different decocting time by using LIBS technique

Astragalus is an important traditional Chinese herb that has therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases. In this study, the dissolution of metallic elements during the material decoction process was investigated using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS). The Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the drug residues, liquid, and vapor were selected for the study of the transfer of elements after different decocting times. It was found that the intensities of the spectral lines for these elements in the drug liquid increased with increasing decocting times.The contrast trend was observed in the residues and only calcium was detected in the vapor.Furthermore, the relative mass concentrations of Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the liquid were quantitatively determined by a combination of the standard addition method and calibrationfree-LIBS method by adding the standard concentration solution of Cu and Cd elements into the drug liquids, it can be found that the maximum error between Cd concentration calculated by internal CF-LIBS and the standard is within 10%. This provides a new method of achieving the on-line monitoring and analysis of metallic elements in the production of traditional Chinese medicines.

Numerical simulation of nanosecond laser ablation and plasma characteristics considering a real gas equation of state

Based on the governing equations which include the heat conduction equation in the target and the fluid equations of the vapor plasma,a two-dimensional axisymmetric model for ns-laser ablation considering the Knudsen layer and plasma shielding effect is developed.The equations of state of the plasma are described by a real gas approximation,which divides the internal energy into the thermal energy of atoms,ions and electrons,ionization energy and the excitation energy of atoms and ions.The dynamic evolution of the silicon target and plasma during laser ablation is studied by using this model,and the distributions of the temperature,plasma density,Mach number related to the evaporation/condensation of the target surface,laser transmissivity as well as internal energy of the plasma are given.It is found that the evolution of the target surface during laser ablation can be divided into three stages:(1)the target surface temperature increases continuously;(2)the sonic and subsonic evaporation;and(3)the subsonic condensation.The result of the internal energy distribution indicates that the ionization and excitation energy plays an important role in the internal energy of the plasma during laser ablation.This model is suitable for the case that the temperature of the target surface is lower than the critical temperature.

Effect of dielectronic recombination on charge-state distribution in laser-produced plasma based on steady-state collisional-radiative models

Armed with four different steady-state collisional-radiative(CR) models,we investigated the effect of dielectronic recombination(DR) on the charge-state distribution in laser-produced silicon plasma. To assess this effect,we performed a series of temporally resolved spectra of highly charged Si ions in the extreme ultraviolet region.Ab initio calculations of the DR rate coefficients were done for Si^(6+)–Si^(4+) ions. We also analyzed the evolution of the collisional ionization, radiative recombination, three-body recombination, photo-ionization, and DR rate coefficients as a function of electron temperature. The electron temperature and electron density for different delay times were obtained by comparing the normalized experimental and simulated spectra. The ion fraction and average charge state from the four different CR models were also obtained. The results indicate that the DR process has a greater influence in the stage of plasma evolution that cannot be neglected in plasma diagnoses.