Haplotype variation and KASP markers for SiPSY1-A key gene controlling yellow kernel pigmentation in foxtail millet

Carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation are important in determining nutritional and commercial value of crop products.Yellow pigmentation of mature kernels caused by carotenoids is considered a vital quality trait in foxtail millet,an ancient and widely cultivated cereal crop across the world.Genomic regions associated with yellow pigment content(YPC),lutein and zeaxanthin in foxtail millet grains were identified by genome-wide association analysis(GWAS),and SiPSY1(Phytoene synthase 1 which regulates formation of the 40-carbon backbone of carotenoids)was confirmed as the main contributor to all three components by knockout and overexpression analysis.SiPSY1 was expressed in seedlings,leaves,panicles,and mature seeds,and was subcellularly localized to chloroplasts.Transcription of SiPSY1 in 15 DAP immature grains was responsible for YPC in mature seeds.Selection of SiPSY1 combined with increased YPC in mature grains during domestication of foxtail millet was confirmed.Haplotype analysis suggested that expression level of SiPSY1 could be a selection target for future breeding programs,and a KASP marker was developed for selection of favorable SiPSY1 alleles in breeding.The results of this work will benefit nutritional and commercial improvement of foxtail millet varieties,as well as other cereal crops.

基于“课程思政”的分析化学教学改革探究——以体外诊断为例

课程思政是高等教育培养高质量人才的重要任务。分析化学作为一门融合了化学、物理、材料和数学等多个学科的交叉学科,在大学生的思政建设中至关重要。本文以体外诊断技术为例,立足分析化学理论和实验知识点,挖掘其中的思政映射与融入点,提出了分析化学教学改革的方法,为分析化学“课程思政”教学改革提供借鉴经验。

New Records of Plant Distribution in Guizhou

Four new species were recorded in Guizhou Province,namely Sonerila trinervis Q.W.Lin,Mazus pulchellus Hemsl.ex Forbes et Hemsl.,and Hanceola exserta Sun.and Habenaria furcifera Lindl.

Design, Synthesis and Inhibitory Properties against Coxsackie B3/B6 of Some Novel Triazole Derivatives

A series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were synthesized, and their abilities to inhibit the in vitro replication of Coxsackie B3/B6 were evaluated. Among the 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, compound 3 g displayed potent activity, with a high antiviral potency (IC50 = 1.71 μM (against CVB3), 1.43 μM (against CVB6)). The structures of all the new synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H-NMR spectra, mass spectra and elemental analyses.

Analysis of Nitrogen Metabolism Related Enzymes and Related Physiological Indexes of Main Foxtail Millet Varieties Developed in North China

[Objectives] This study was conducted to clarify the evolution characteristics of foxtail millet varieties in different ages and provide a basis for the breeding of new varieties. [Methods] A field experiment was carried out on 20 main foxtail millet varieties promoted in North China developed from the 1980 s to 2000 s. The physiological and biochemical indexes of different foxtail millet varieties in four ages were compared, including chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, glutamine synthetase(GS) activity and glutamate synthase(GOGAT) activity, and the correlation between enzyme activity and yield was analyzed. [Results] The chlorophyll SPAD values of the flag leaf and functional leaves of foxtail millet varieties decreased with the filling process. The SPAD values of the flag leaf, top second leaf and top third leaf were higher in the varieties developed in the 1990 s and 2000 s than those in the 1980 s and 2010 s. The activity of glutamine synthetase(GS) and glutamate synthase(GOGAT) showed a single-peak curve in different foxtail millet varieties developed in the recent 30 years, and the peaks of the two were at 7 d and at 7 or 14 d, respectively. The activity of GS and GOGAT increased with the breeding age. In the period from 7 d after anthesis to the mature period, the decreases in the soluble protein content followed an order of 2010 s, 2000 s, 1990 s and 1980 s from small to large, indicating that the degradation rate of various enzyme sources and metabolic regulators in foxtail millet plants decreased during the improvement process. At 35 d after anthesis, the correlation coefficient between GS activity and yield was-0.247, that is, there was a negative correlation with yield. And there was a significant positive correlation between GOGAT activity and yield, and the correlation coefficient was as high as 0.455 at 7 d after anthesis. [Conclusions] Changes in the GS activity, GOGAT activity and soluble protein content in the flag leaf of foxtail millet varieties developed in recent years have a certain impact on yield.

Recent advances of microbial metabolism analysis:from metabolic molecules to environments

Microbial metabolism analysis is of great significance to the biosynthesis industries and the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms.However,it remains a grand challenge to offer deep insight into microbial metabolism due to the particularly complex and dynamic processes.Analytical methods are recognized as the critical bottleneck that constrains the in-depth understanding of microbial metabolism.Specific and real-time analytical tools for microbial metabolic processes have currently drawn increasing attention.Here,we summarized the major advances over the past 5 years focusing on the following three aspects including real-time and dynamic analysis of metabolic molecules,selective analysis of specific metabolic pathways and quantitative analysis of the microbial metabolism.Finally,the remaining challenges and perspectives on microbial analysis are discussed and outlooked.

面向分子/离子选择性分离的仿生固态一维纳米通道

生物通道蛋白的重要功能是高速率地传输特定的分子或离子,在维持细胞渗透压和细胞功能等方面扮演了重要角色.例如,水通道蛋白(aquaporins,AQPs)能够促进水分子穿透细胞膜,同时排除质子,在维持细胞水平衡和细胞膜的电化学势中具有重要作用.受生物通道蛋白的启发,研究人员开发了各种具有分子/离子选择性传输能力的人工纳米通道,探究了分子/离子在通道内部的选择性传输机制,并探索了通道在过滤、生物传感和能量转换领域中的应用.本文主要总结了仿生固态一维纳米通道的分子/离子选择性传输机制.对固态一维纳米通道的制备方法和调控手段进行了深入总结,探讨了固态一维纳米通道在分子/离子选择性分离领域的应用,重点关注它们在气体分离和海水淡化领域的应用进展.最后,总结了固态一维纳米通道在选择性分离领域面临的挑战以及未来的发展机遇.本文对于固态纳米通道的设计及其选择性分离应用领域具有一定的指导意义.

Interfacial Polymer Engineered Field Effect Transistor Biosensors for Rapid and Efficient Identification of SARS-CoV-2 N Antigen

With the advantages of high sensitivity,rapid response,label-free,and simple operation,field effect transistor biosensors have shown promising application prospects in large-scale pathogen screening.However,in practical biological fluids with relatively high ionic strength,such as saliva and serum,the Debye screening effect will weaken the interaction between FET biosensors and target bio-molecules,thereby affecting the sensing sensitivity and accuracy.

Room-Temperature Persistent Luminescence in Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Solar-Driven CO_(2)Bioreduction

The rapid crystal growth of metal halide perovskite(MHP)nanocrystals inevitably leads to the generation of abundant crystal defects in the lattice.Here,defects-mediated long-lived charges and accompanying room-temperature persistent luminescence are demonstrated to be a general phenomenon in MHP nanocrystals.Density functional theory calculations suggest that the collaboration of Schottky and point defects enables upward cascading depletion for electron transfer in MHP nanocrystals,leading to the generation of long-lived photoexcited charges with lifetimes over 30 min.The excellent optical properties including the presence of long-lived charges,high charge separation efficiency,and broad absorption in the visible region make MHPs ideal candidates for both photocatalysis and photobiocatalysis.The MHPs were further integrated with enzymes to construct a light-driven biosynthetic system for the selective production of fine chemicals from CO_(2)with solar energy.The biosynthetic system can produce formate with a quantum yield of 3.24%,much higher than that of plants(∼0.2-1.6%).These findings will benefit the understanding of the optoelectronic properties of MHPs and further provide opportunities for the development of biosynthetic systems for solar-to-chemical synthesis.

Construction of MoS2 field effect transistor sensor array for the detection of bladder cancer biomarkers

Bladder cancer is one of the commonest malignant tumors of urinary system with high recurrence. However, currently developed bladder cancer urine diagnosis methods are hindered by the low detection sensitivity and accuracy. Herein, a molybdenum disulfide(MoS2) nanosheets-based field effect transistor(FET) sensor array was constructed for simultaneous detection of multiple bladder cancer biomarkers in human urine. With the excellent electronic property of MoS2 and the high specific identification capability of recognition molecules, the proposed biosensor array could simultaneously detect nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22) and cytokeratin 8(CK8) with a wide linear range of 10-6–10-1 pg mL-1 and an ultra-low detection limit of 0.027 and 0.019 aM, respectively. Furthermore, this highly sensitive and specific MoS2 FET sensor array could be used to identify bladder cancer biomarkers from human urine samples. This designed high-performance biosensor array shows great potential in the future diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Recent progress in synthesis of lanthanide-based persistent luminescence nanoparticles

Persistent luminescence nanoparticles(PLNPs)are a kind of phosphors that can remain luminescent for seconds to several days after the stoppage of excitation.Lanthanides show the special capability to largely broaden the emission range and enhance the luminescence intensity of PLNPs due to their dense energy structure and unique electronic configurations.In the past decades,various methods have been developed for the synthesis of lanthanide-based PLNPs with excellent pe rsistent luminescence propertie s,and the lanthanide-based PLNPs are widely studied in areas including biome dicine,energy,and information storage.In this review,we summarized the research progress in the synthe sis of lanthanidebased PLNPs and outline d several typical synthesis methods.We discussed the fundamental concepts of preparation methods as well as the advantages and drawbacks of the typical synthetic approache s.Moreove r,the current challenges and the potential solutions for the development of lanthanide-based PLNP s are also discussed in an attempt to provide strate gies to further improve the optical properties of lanthanide-based PLNPs.We hope this review can contribute to the design of lanthanide-based PLNPs with desired properties and further promote their applications in biomedicine,energy,and information science.

Design of high stability thin-film transistor biosensor for the diagnosis of bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the urinary system,with high morbidity,mortality and recurrence after surgery.However,current bladder cancer urine diagnosis methods are limited by the low accuracy and specificity due to the low abundance of bladder cancer biomarkers in the urine with complex biological environments.Herein,we present a high stability indium gallium zinc oxide field effect transistor(IGZO-FET)biosensor for efficient identification of bladder cancer biomarkers from human urine samples.The recognition molecular functionalized IGZO-FET biosensor exhibits stable electronic and sensing performance due to the large-area fabrication of IGZO thin-film FET.Owing to the excellent electrical performance of IGZO-FET,the IGZO-FET biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and extremely low detection limit(2.7 amol/L)towards bladder cancer biomarkers.The IGZO-FET biosensor is also able to directly detect bladder tumor biomarker in human urine with high sensitivity and specificity,and could differentiate bladder cancer patients’urine samples from healthy donors effectively.These results indicate that our designed high-performance biosensor shows great potential in the application of portable digital bladder cancer diagnosis devices.

Direct fabrication of carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid films by a blown bubble method

有 graphene 的碳 nanotubes (CNT ) 的杂交提供集成两材料的属性的一个有希望的工具，从而创新的普遍申请。这里，我们在场直接由一个吹的水泡方法装配混合 CNT-graphene 电影的一个方法与选择底层退火结合了。我们把 polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA ) 用作聚合矩阵吹包含自我装配的多围的 CNT 数组的水泡，然后由在 Cu 底层上的热退火把水泡电影转变成一部 CNT-graphene 混合电影；PMMA 为在 CNT 网络之中对很少层 graphene 变得单个直到担任碳来源一连续地， hybridized 结构被形成。比作赤裸(non-hybridized ) CNT 联网，混合电影展览改进了电的电导率和结构的完整。我们的方法也启用一节多围的 CNT-Si 太阳能电池的制造，它有高力量变换效率，通过混合 CNT-graphene 结构的集会。

Construction of high stability indium gallium zinc oxide transistor biosensors for reliable detection of bladder cancer-associated microRNA

Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumours with high morbidity, mortality and recurrence.However, currently developed detection methods for bladder cancer-associated urine biomarkers are hindered by their extremely low abundance. Hence, the exploration of a highly sensitive and selective approach for the detection of trace bladder cancer-associated biomarkers in human urine is of vital importance for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Herein, we developed a highly reliable indium gallium zinc oxide field effect transistor(IGZO FET) biosensor for the detection of bladder cancer-related biomarker micro RNA. The single-stranded DNA-functionalized IGZO FET biosensors exhibit high sensing reproducibility and stability with an ultralow detection limit of 19.8 amol/L. The device could also be used for quantitative detection of trace micro RNA in human urine samples and can effectively distinguish bladder cancer patients from healthy donors. The development of high performance IGZO FET biosensors presents new opportunities for the achievement of early-stage diagnosis of bladder cancer.