A production technique with the high yield and environmentally friendly process need be developed forε-Caprolactam(CPL)in the chemical industry.This technology is highly desired to design and synthesize high--perform...A production technique with the high yield and environmentally friendly process need be developed forε-Caprolactam(CPL)in the chemical industry.This technology is highly desired to design and synthesize high--performance catalysts for liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime(CHO)to CPL.In this work,3-methyl-1-(propyl-4-sulfonyl)imidazolium methanesulfonate([PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA])with highly efficient and excellent yield is synthesized successfully.When the optimum molar ratio of ZnCl_(2)over[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]was 0.02,it exhibits the high selectivity(94%)of CPL at 90℃for 1 h.Interestingly,Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)investigations show that the functional Br∅nsted-Lewis acidic types of ionic liquids(ILs)are formed by the uniformly distributed ZnCl_(2)and[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA].In addition,the hydrogen bond(H-bond)is formed between CHO and ILs.After ten reaction cycles,no significant structure changes are observed in the recovered[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]-ZnCl_(2).The solubilities of ILs are predicted by using COSMO-RS model,the results show that[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]is a promising candidate for the liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement of CHO into CPL.Finally,a theoretical model of the H-bond interactions between ILs and CHO is further confirmed to support the advance of reaction mechanism.A feasible way is provided for the CPL production technique in the liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction.展开更多
Photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of CH_(4)to multicarbon(C^(2+))hydrocarbons(e.g.,C,H4)and H,under ambient conditions provides a promising energy-conserving approach for utilization of carbon resource.However,as t...Photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of CH_(4)to multicarbon(C^(2+))hydrocarbons(e.g.,C,H4)and H,under ambient conditions provides a promising energy-conserving approach for utilization of carbon resource.However,as the methyl intermediates prefer to undergo self-coupling to produce ethane,it is a challenging task to control the selective conversion of CH to higher valueadded CH4.Herein,we adopt a synergistic catalysis strategy by integrating Pd-Zn active sites on visible light-responsive defective WO_(3)nanosheets for synergizing the adsorption,activation,and dehydrogenation processes in CH_(4)to C_(2)H_(4)conversion.Benefiting from the synergy,our model catalyst achieves a remarkable C^(2+)compounds yield of 31.85μmolgh with an exceptionally high C,H4 selectivity of 75.3%and a stoichiometric H_(2)evolution.In situ spectroscopic studies reveal that the Zn sites promote the adsorption and activation of CH_(4)molecules to generate methyl and methoxy intermediates with the assistance of lattice oxygen,while the Pd sites facilitate the dehydrogenation of methoxy to methylene radicals for producing C_(2)H_(4)and suppress overoxidation.This work demonstrates a strategy for designing efficient photocatalysts toward selective coupling of CH_(4)to higher value-added chemicals and highlights the importance of synergistic active sites to the synergy of key steps in catalytic reactions.展开更多
It is essential to develop a cheap, recyclable, and efficient photocatalyst to help degrade pollutants contaminating the environment. Herein, mesoporous molecular sieve titanium phosphate （MMS-TiP） was used as an ef...It is essential to develop a cheap, recyclable, and efficient photocatalyst to help degrade pollutants contaminating the environment. Herein, mesoporous molecular sieve titanium phosphate （MMS-TiP） was used as an efficient nano-photocatalyst to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP） and to oxidize CO. The catalyst was successfully synthesized by a simple and convenient hydrothermal method in the presence of a tri-block copolymer surfactant. Exceptional photoactivity of the optimized MMS-TiP mainly depends on its porous structure, with a large surface area by means of O2 temperature-programmed desorption curves and fluorescence spectra related to the amounts of produced hydroxyl radical. Interestingly, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared MMS-TiP could be greatly improved by coupling with nanocrystalline SnO2. This is likely due to the increase in the lifetime and separation of photogenerated charges by transferring electrons to SnO2 and was observed by steady-state surface photovoltage spectra and time-resolved surface photovoltage responses. The SnOa-coupled MMS-TiP exhibits better photocatalytic performance for 2,4-DCP degradation and better self-settlement than those of the commercial catalyst P25 TiO2. Moreover, it was confirmed by radical-trapping experiments that ·O2^- is the main activated species for the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP, and is photogenerated by electron transfer from MMS-TiP to SnO2. Furthermore, the main intermediates in the degradation of 2,4-DCP, like parachlorophenol superoxide and 1,2-benzenediol superoxide radicals, were detected, and a possible decomposition pathway related to ·O2^- attack is proposed. These experimental results provide new strategies for developing a recyclable molecular sieve- based nano-photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity for environmental remediation.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 21776300,21890763 and 22078355)Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province(grant number 2022-GX-152)
文摘A production technique with the high yield and environmentally friendly process need be developed forε-Caprolactam(CPL)in the chemical industry.This technology is highly desired to design and synthesize high--performance catalysts for liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime(CHO)to CPL.In this work,3-methyl-1-(propyl-4-sulfonyl)imidazolium methanesulfonate([PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA])with highly efficient and excellent yield is synthesized successfully.When the optimum molar ratio of ZnCl_(2)over[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]was 0.02,it exhibits the high selectivity(94%)of CPL at 90℃for 1 h.Interestingly,Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)investigations show that the functional Br∅nsted-Lewis acidic types of ionic liquids(ILs)are formed by the uniformly distributed ZnCl_(2)and[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA].In addition,the hydrogen bond(H-bond)is formed between CHO and ILs.After ten reaction cycles,no significant structure changes are observed in the recovered[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]-ZnCl_(2).The solubilities of ILs are predicted by using COSMO-RS model,the results show that[PHSO_(3)MIM][MSA]is a promising candidate for the liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement of CHO into CPL.Finally,a theoretical model of the H-bond interactions between ILs and CHO is further confirmed to support the advance of reaction mechanism.A feasible way is provided for the CPL production technique in the liquid phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0406103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22232003,21725102,91961106,91963108,22175165,and 51902253)+5 种基金the DNL Cooperation Fund,the CAS(DNL201922)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS(XDPB14)the Open Funding Project of National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering(No.SYFD062010K)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021451),the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2020JQ-778)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2060002020)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University(WK2400000004)。
文摘Photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of CH_(4)to multicarbon(C^(2+))hydrocarbons(e.g.,C,H4)and H,under ambient conditions provides a promising energy-conserving approach for utilization of carbon resource.However,as the methyl intermediates prefer to undergo self-coupling to produce ethane,it is a challenging task to control the selective conversion of CH to higher valueadded CH4.Herein,we adopt a synergistic catalysis strategy by integrating Pd-Zn active sites on visible light-responsive defective WO_(3)nanosheets for synergizing the adsorption,activation,and dehydrogenation processes in CH_(4)to C_(2)H_(4)conversion.Benefiting from the synergy,our model catalyst achieves a remarkable C^(2+)compounds yield of 31.85μmolgh with an exceptionally high C,H4 selectivity of 75.3%and a stoichiometric H_(2)evolution.In situ spectroscopic studies reveal that the Zn sites promote the adsorption and activation of CH_(4)molecules to generate methyl and methoxy intermediates with the assistance of lattice oxygen,while the Pd sites facilitate the dehydrogenation of methoxy to methylene radicals for producing C_(2)H_(4)and suppress overoxidation.This work demonstrates a strategy for designing efficient photocatalysts toward selective coupling of CH_(4)to higher value-added chemicals and highlights the importance of synergistic active sites to the synergy of key steps in catalytic reactions.
基金We are grateful to financial support from the National Natural Science of China （Nos. U1401245, 21501052, and 91622119）, the Program for Innovative Research Team in Chinese Universities （No. IRT1237）, the Research Project of Chinese Ministry of Education （No. 213011A）, Special Funding for Postdoctoral of Heilongjiang Province （No. LBH-TZ06019） and the Science Foundation for Excellent Youth of Harbin City of China （Nos. 2014RFYXJ002, 2016RQQXJ099 and UNPYSCT-2016173）.
文摘It is essential to develop a cheap, recyclable, and efficient photocatalyst to help degrade pollutants contaminating the environment. Herein, mesoporous molecular sieve titanium phosphate （MMS-TiP） was used as an efficient nano-photocatalyst to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP） and to oxidize CO. The catalyst was successfully synthesized by a simple and convenient hydrothermal method in the presence of a tri-block copolymer surfactant. Exceptional photoactivity of the optimized MMS-TiP mainly depends on its porous structure, with a large surface area by means of O2 temperature-programmed desorption curves and fluorescence spectra related to the amounts of produced hydroxyl radical. Interestingly, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared MMS-TiP could be greatly improved by coupling with nanocrystalline SnO2. This is likely due to the increase in the lifetime and separation of photogenerated charges by transferring electrons to SnO2 and was observed by steady-state surface photovoltage spectra and time-resolved surface photovoltage responses. The SnOa-coupled MMS-TiP exhibits better photocatalytic performance for 2,4-DCP degradation and better self-settlement than those of the commercial catalyst P25 TiO2. Moreover, it was confirmed by radical-trapping experiments that ·O2^- is the main activated species for the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP, and is photogenerated by electron transfer from MMS-TiP to SnO2. Furthermore, the main intermediates in the degradation of 2,4-DCP, like parachlorophenol superoxide and 1,2-benzenediol superoxide radicals, were detected, and a possible decomposition pathway related to ·O2^- attack is proposed. These experimental results provide new strategies for developing a recyclable molecular sieve- based nano-photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity for environmental remediation.
